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Results for “immunological profiling”

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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Immunologic profile in patients with Hodgkin's disease in complete remission.

Mononuclear cell subsets in peripheral blood, in vitro production of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and gamma interferon (IFN gamma), spontaneous cell-mediated cytotoxicity (SCMC) and circulating levels of Type I IFN, neopterin, beta-2 microglobulin (B2-M), immunoglobulins and complement fractions were studied in 33 patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) in complete remission. The mean percentages, but not the absolute numbers, of T-lymphocytes expressing pan-T markers (OKT11, OKT3, ER, E-AET R) were significantly decreased compared with control values. Furthermore, patients showed a selective loss of OKT4+ cells, as well as increased percentages and numbers of Leu7+ and OKIa+ lymphocytes, and of OKM1+, LeuM2+, and LeuM3+ cells. OKT4+ cell depletion was a characteristic of patients with shorter time since beginning of remission as well as of those with nodular sclerosis (NS), mixed cellularity Hodgkin's disease (MC-HD), and systemic symptoms at diagnosis. Multifactorial statistical analysis carried out to investigate the effect of disease characteristics and the time since remission began on peripheral mononuclear blood cell (PMBC) subsets showed that histologic condition was the single best predictor of T-cell pool or OKT4+ cell subset size. Time since remission duration and other disease-related factors determined differences in the percentages, but not in the absolute numbers, of T-cell fractions. In addition, neither the disease features nor the time since remission duration determined significant differences in the absolute number of non-T-mononuclear cells in the various patient groups. Patients displayed decreased in vitro synthesis of IL-2 and IFN gamma. The values of SCMC, Type I IFN, neopterin, B2-M, immunoglobulins, and complement fractions did not differ greatly from those of controls.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Clinical profile and immunological status of cytomegalovirus retinitis in organ transplant recipients.

PURPOSE: Cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMV) is the most common ocular opportunistic infection in transplant recipients. This retrospective study attempts to report the differences in occurrence of cytomegalovirus retinetis in transplant recipients from those reported in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). METHODS: 25 eyes of 15 transplant recipients (14 renal and one cardiac) with cytomegalovirus retinitis were retrospectively reviewed. Immunological profile included CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte counts, CD4+/CD8+ cell ratio (5 cases) and serology for the viral antibodies (8 cases). RESULTS: A predominantly bilateral presentation (60%) was noted. Active cytomegalovirus retinitis (72%) in zone 2 (92%) of the inferotemporal quadrant (68%) was noted. The average cell counts were within normal limits (mean CD4 cell count-711/microliter), unlike in late stages of AIDS with cytomegalovirus retinitis (CD4 count < 50/microliter). Serology revealed an IgM positivity of 53%. Retinal detachment (52%) was the most common complication occurring after an average of 5.4 months. CONCLUSION: CMV retinitis in organ transplant recipients appears to differ from that in AIDS patients. CMV retinitis presents early and has different immunological profile, probably owing to differences in pathogenesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Immunologic Profile of Patients Suffering from Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) -Associated Oral Lesions Treated with Natural Human Interferon Alpha (Egiferon).

10 consecutive patients with HSV-associated chronic oral lesions were treated with Egiferon for ten days. There were a statistically significant increase in the Large Granule Lymphocyte (LGL) counts and the number of spontaneous E rosette forming cells by the end of the treatment period. Interferon alpha brought about a preferential expression of CD8, CD11b, CD14, CD25 and CD45RO cell surface molecules without any effect on the expression of CD2, CD3, CD4, CD20 and HLA-DR.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1979

Cockroach cause of allergic asthma. Its specificity and immunologic profile.

To assess the etiologic role of cockroach antigen in bronchial asthma, 46 asthmatic subjects were studied using in vitro assays for total and cockroach-specific IgE antibodies (IgEcr) and the responsiveness of the skin and bronchial tree to the antigen challenge in vivo. Asthmatic subjects were divided into skin test-positive (PCR) and skin test-negative (NCR) groups according to immediate skin response to cockroach antigen. The 28 in the PCR group showed high total IgE (1,901 ng/ml) and a high cockroach-specific IgE antibody level (329%) in the serum compared to the 10 in the NCR group (IgE: 915 ng/ml, IgEcr:84%) (p less than 0.001). Bronchial challenge with the antigen revealed immediate asthmatic reaction (30/33) and late asthmatic reaction (16/33) in the PCR asthmatics, whereas the NCR asthmatics showed neither immediate asthmatic reaction (2/13 showed questionable decrease in FEV1) nor late asthmatic reaction (p less than 0.001). A marked increase in peripheral eosinophils (758% vs 121%) was noted following antigen inhalation in the skin test-positive asthmatics (p less than 0.025). The results indicate that cockroach antigen causes antigen-specific IgE-mediated bronchial asthma and peripheral eosinophilia in specifically sensitized asthmatic subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

The immunologic profile of infants born after maternal immunoglobulin treatment and intrauterine platelet transfusions for fetal/neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether maternally administered intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) and intrauterine platelet transfusions (IUPT) for fetal/neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) affect the development of the fetal immune system. STUDY DESIGN: The lymphocyte subset distribution of mononuclear cells of cord blood of 20 FNAIT newborns was analyzed by flow cytometry and compared with a control group of healthy newborns and a reference group treated with intrauterine erythrocyte transfusions (IUET) for hemolytic disease. RESULTS: The percentage of monocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, ratios of mature and immature T cells and B cells, and resting or activated cells were not significantly different compared to the control group. In addition, the B-cell and T-cell populations showed a normal in vitro antibody production and T-cell proliferation when compared with the control group. CONCLUSION: Antenatal treatment for FNAIT with maternal IVIG with or without IUPT is not associated with lymphocyte activation or premature maturation of the neonatal immune system.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed2004

[Clinical and immunological profile of HIV infected patients in Cotonou, Benin].

OBJECTIVES: This study had for aim to identify the clinical status and the level of immuno-deficiency of HIV-infected patients on their first visit. METHODS: One hundred and thirty-six HIV+ patients were prospectively evaluated from November 1, 2001 to May 31, 2002. RESULTS: One hundred and thirty-four were infected with HIV1 and two with HIV2. The mean age on the first consultation was 37 +/- 2 years. The m/w sex ratio was 0.9. 46.3% were stage C. The main clinical symptoms were: weight loss (88%), fever (80%), cough (71%), diarrhea (51%). BMI was normal in 70% and KI > or =80% in 57% of the cases but immuno-deficiency was severe with CD4 cells count <200 per mm3 in 69%. The main diseases were digestive candidiasis (53%), pneumonia (18%), tuberculosis (12%), non-determined pneumonia (29%), prurigo (20%), zona (16%), cryptosporidiosis (4%), cerebral toxoplasmosis (3%), and Kaposi's sarcoma (1%).

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed2000

An immunological profile of Balb/c mice protected from airborne challenge following vaccination with a live attenuated Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus vaccine.

The live attenuated vaccine strain of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV), TC-83, protects mice against challenge (subcutaneous and aerosol) with virulent VEEV but is not suitable for widescale human use. Elucidation of the immune response profile of protected mice should assist in the development of an improved vaccine. We determined the optimum dose of TC-83 required to consistently protect Balb/c mice from airborne challenge with the virulent Trinidad Donkey strain of VEEV and studied the development of humoral and cellular immune responses in protected mice between 6 h and 21 days post-vaccination. The most dramatic immune responses occurred in draining lymph nodes 24 h following vaccination with increased levels of activated B cells and T cells of both CD4(+) and CD8(+) subtypes. Activated monocyte/macrophages and natural killer cells were also seen between 6 h and 7 days post-vaccination. Serum contained detectable VEEV-specific IgG on day 5 post-vaccination with titres continuing to rise on days 7, 14 and 21. Isotypes of IgG measured on days 7 and 21 were predominantly of the IgG2a subclass, indicating that the immune response was Th1-mediated. Cytokine mRNA was quantified by RT-PCR and revealed production of the Th1 cytokine IFN-gamma and the inflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha, whereas the Th2 cytokine IL4 was not detected above control levels at any of the time points studied. This data describes key cellular immune responses at early times post-vaccination and is consistent with previous data demonstrating protection against aerosol challenge with VEEV in the absence of detectable levels of specific IgG or IgA antibody.

Aerosols↗
PubMed2003

Evaluation of immunologic profile in patients with nickel sensitivity due to use of fixed orthodontic appliances.

The aim of this study was to develop a new approach to testing the impact of nickel antigen on in vitro cell-proliferation assay, to identify adverse reactions to casting alloys among orthodontic patients. Cell-proliferation assay in vitro was used as the basic methodology to assess the influence of such variables as source of nickel antigen, type of serum used to supplement the culture medium, and number of cells in the culture. We selected 35 orthodontic patients who were classified as nickel sensitive and non-nickel sensitive, based on their clinical records. Our results showed that hexahydrated nickel sulfate at 10 microg/mL, 10% of autologous sera, and 2 x 10(5) cells was the best condition for inducing the most marked nickel proliferation response in vitro. This optimized method was able to distinguish nickel-sensitive from non-nickel-sensitive dental patients and also to discriminate those with positive skin tests. Our data suggest that continuous exposure to nickel casting alloys might lead to oral tolerance mechanisms that modulate nickel sensitivity, as evidenced by the lower cell proliferation index in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment over 24 months. Finally, our findings demonstrated a known nickel-induced type 2 immune response and a marked lack of type 1 immunity (interferon gamma) as the hallmarks of nickel-sensitive patients. Further studies are needed to clarify the major cell phenotype associated with this type 2 immune response and the lack of type 1 immunity observed in nickel-sensitive people.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Immunologic profile of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients during viral remission and relapse on antiretroviral therapy.

A dissociation between plasma human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RNA levels and CD4(+) cell counts has been reported in patients experiencing viral relapse while receiving antiretroviral therapy. This study compared patients with stable CD4(+) lymphocytes during viral relapse while receiving treatment with patients who had sustained virus suppression. Plasma HIV RNA levels, lymphocyte immunophenotyping, and T cell receptor excision circle (TREC) levels were measured. Naive CD4(+) lymphocyte phenotype and TREC levels were not significantly different in patients with virus suppression or in those who had relapsed. However, CD8(+) lymphocyte activation, including the number and percentage of activated cells and CD38 antibody-binding capacity, was significantly elevated during viral relapse, compared with that in suppressed patients. By multivariable regression analyses, CD8(+) and CD4(+) lymphocyte activation were associated significantly with increasing plasma HIV RNA levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Immunological profile of patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis. Expression of adhesion molecules.

Adhesion molecules are important in the trafficking of peripheral leucocytes into the central nervous system, a major event in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis, which is an inflammatory and demyelinating disease. The latest MRI evidence supports clinical divergence between forms of multiple sclerosis with relapses and the primary progressive form without relapses, which shows fewer and smaller inflammatory lesions. With the aim of elucidating whether different pathogenic mechanisms are involved in primary progressive multiple sclerosis, we compared membrane expression of the adhesion molecules ICAM-1 (CD54), LFA-1alpha (CD11a), VLA-4 [alpha(4)/beta(1) integrin (CD49d/CD29)], L-selectin (CD62L) and ICAM-3 (CD50) in peripheral blood and the serum-soluble forms ICAM-1, L-selectin, VCAM-1 and ICAM-3 in 89 patients (39 with the primary progressive form, 25 with the secondary progressive form and 25 with the relapsing-remitting form) and 38 healthy controls. We found a significant decrease in leucocyte surface expression of most of the adhesion molecules tested and an increase in soluble ICAM-1 and L-selectin levels in secondary progressive and relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis compared with primary progressive multiple sclerosis, which gave results similar to those in controls. These results, which are supported by MRI evidence, show that trafficking of autoreactive leucocytes through the blood-brain barrier is crucial to the pathogenesis of secondary progressive and relapsing-remitting forms of multiple sclerosis, whereas other mechanisms leading to progressive axonal damage would account for primary progressive forms of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Clinical, virologic and immunologic profiles of a young infant with severe acute respiratory syndrome.

The clinical findings, plasma viral load, cytokines and chemokines of a 4-month-old infant with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) were assessed at different phases of the disease. Ribavirin failed to inhibit SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) replication. One-step real time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for plasma SARS-CoV RNA quantification was useful for early diagnosis and monitoring viremia.

Cytokines↗
PubMed2004

Th1 and Th2 immunological profile induced by cysteine proteinase in murine leishmaniasis.

This study evaluated the immune response to three synthetic peptides (pI, VMVEQVICFD; pII, VGGGLCFE; pIII, PYFLGSIMNTCHYT) from the COOH-terminal region of Leishmania amazonensis cysteine proteinases, in BALB/c- and CBA-infected mice with this parasite. Only BALB/c mice, previously inoculated with pI, showed a distinct exacerbation of the lesion. Blastogenesis assays were performed with lymph node cells from the group of mice infected with L. amazonensis, but not inoculated with the peptides, and we detected lymphoproliferative responses in BALB/c and CBA mice with a 5.0x and 2.5x stimulation index, respectively. Cell phenotypes were evaluated and in both mouse strains CD8(+)cells proliferated more extensively than CD4(+)cells. INF-gamma and nitric oxide were detected only in supernatants obtained from CBA mouse lymph node cell cultures, whereas IL-4 was detected in supernatant cultures from both strains of mice. Our results indicate a preferential stimulation of CD8(+)T-cell subsets by the pI cysteine proteinase peptide and the induction of both Th1 and Th2 phenotypes during L. amazonensis infections in both BALB/c and CBA mice. We suggest that the pI peptide from the COOH-terminal region of the cysteine proteinase induces immune responses different from those elicited by the whole molecule.

Amino Acid Sequence↗