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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Selection for disease and epidemic resistance in domestic ruminants and swine by indicator traits, marker and causal genes--a review. Part 2: Special immunogenetics of sheep and goats with particular regard for endoparasitoses, scrapie, foot rot and maedi-visna virus infection].

The introduction of the first part deals with immunogenetic investigations on the field of life-stock. The main chapter is outlined as a tabular overview of current opportunities of the application of indicator traits as well as marker and causal genes in breeding for disease resistance in cattle, sheep, goats and swine. In the discussion of the second part, emphasis was laied on diseases of small ruminants in central and western Europe with special respect of endoparasitoses, scrapie, foot-rot and maedi-visna virus infection. Indicator traits are discussed with respect of their advantages and disadvantages. The rigorous selection on specific traits is connected with an increase of the number of homozygotes. In contrary, pathogens do undergo mutations, thus escaping the host's immune system. Out of this point of view it is advisable, to set on selection very cautiously. The role of technologies of modern immunogenetics is pointed out in respect of constructing disease resistant animals.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

[Comparative clinical, X-ray, and immunogenetic characteristics of respiratory tuberculosis actively detected in risk groups and in individuals turning for medical help].

Clinical, X-ray, and immunogenetic parameters were comparatively assessed in two groups of first identified patients diagnosed at annual fluorographic studies in groups at risk for tuberculosis and in individuals visiting general health care facilities for symptoms of inflammatory bronchopulmonary disease. Great differences were established in the clinical and X-ray manifestations, the course of the disease, and the patients' immunogenetic status in these groups. Tuberculosis in the patients identified on their referral to general health care facilities is characterized by more severe clinical manifestations, a greater spread of inflammatory and destructive changes in the lung, and massive bacterial isolation. There were certain associations of the HLA antigens A2 and A 11 as markers indicative of tuberculosis resistance with the antigens B35 and Cw4 suggestive of predisposition to tuberculosis in patients with chronic bronchitis.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Differential diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in adults: assessment of immunogenetic markers of insulin dependence].

To assess immunogenetic markers of insulin dependence (IMID), 117 patients with diabetes mellitus of the adults (DMA) were examined. Of them, 97 patients (77 females and 20 males, 41 and 10 obese, respectively) were insulin dependent and 20 (8 males and 12 females) had classic diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2. All the analysed immunogenetic markers (genotype SS/SS, alleles 04*, 0301 in HLA-DQ*A2, haplotype A1*0301-B1*0302) were associated most often with insulin-dependent DMA. The following conclusions were made: both DMA variants can be definitely differentiated only by clinico-anamnestic screening; there were no differences in distribution of the alleles 0301 in DQ*A1 and 0302 in DQ*B1 in different variants of DMA; alleles 04* and 0301 DQ*A1 significantly more frequently occur in DM type 1 than DM type 2; 0301 allele was more frequent in patients with insulin-dependent DM type 2 vs DM type 2; an expectant genetic marker of insulin-dependence (haplotype 0301/0302) occurs significantly more frequently in insulin-dependent DMA than in healthy subjects and DM type 2.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Systemic vasculitides: immunogenetics and familial clustering.

The systemic vasculitides (SV) are a heterogeneous group of rare affections characterized by a primary process of inflammation and damage of the blood vessel wall. Their etiopathogenesis is still unknown, but a complex interaction of multiple factors, such as age, sex, ethnic background, immunogenetic mechanisms and environmental influences, is probably involved. A genetic predisposition to SV is suggested by both familial case clusters and immunogenetic studies. The available reports on familial SV via the PubMed (National Library of Medicine) and Biosis indices, as well as personal observations, are summarized here. Furthermore, the evidence for a role of genetic predisposing factors is reported. The literature review suggests that several SV such as giant cell arteritis, Takayasu arteritis, Kawasaki disease, Wegener's granulomatosis and Henoch-Schönlein purpura, are governed by multiple genes encoding host defence molecules and probably triggered by environmental agents. Genetic factors seem to be implicated not only in the susceptibility, but also in the severity and outcome of SV.

Family Health↗
PubMed2005

[Immunogenetic analysis of human leukocyte antigen DRB1, DQB1 locus among Han ethnic children with Helicobacter pylori infection in Kunming].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the immunogenetic features of human leukocyte antigen DRB1, DQB1 locus and children with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in Han ethnic population in Kunming and its association with digestive diseases and H. pylori to better understand the immunogenetic features of the H. pylori infection. METHODS: Polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer (PCR-SSP) method was used to study the HLA-DRB1, DQB1 allelic frequency distribution on 35 children with H. pylori infection and 37 healthy controls in Han ethnic population in Kunming. RESULTS: Allelic frequencies of HLA-DRB1 * 0901, DQB1 * 03032 in the H. pylori infection group were lower than those of the healthy control group (7.14% vs. 31.08%, chi(2) = 13.16, Pc < 0.012; 5.71% vs. 25.68%, chi(2) = 10.68, Pc = 0.007) but the rest alleles' frequencies did not show significant differences. CONCLUSION: These result suggested that HLA-DRB1 * 0901, DQB1 * 03032 might protect the H. pylori infection in Han ethnic population in Kunming.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

[Immunogenetic blood markers as a risk factor of development of periodic disease in Armenian population].

AIM: To reveal characteristic associations between various markers of immunogenetic (HLA--A, B, C, DR), erythrocytic (ABO, Rh-Hr, MNSs, Pp, Kell-Chellano, Lewis), serum (Gm, Inv) systems and familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) in Armenian population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From 41 to 125 patients (depending on systems studied) were examined. HLA-antigens of A-, B-, C-classes were detected by the microcytotoxic test in a total population of lymphocytes, HLA-DR antigens--by a prolonged test in B-lymphocytes, erythrocytic antigens--by hemagglutination technique and indirect Coombs' reaction, serum antigens--by the method of hemagglutination suppression. RESULTS: Confidential positive associative relations between antigens HLA-A1 and A9 (RR = 2.2 and 2.4), HLA B5 and B35 (RR = 3.03 and 3.2), HLA-Cw4 (RR = 4.3), HLA-DR3 (RR = 2.6), phenotypes AB (RR = 2.86) and MN (RR = 2.2), serum antigen Gmx+ (RR = 2.87) were demonstrated. Simultaneous expression of phenotype MN and antigen Gmx+ is a marker of high predisposition to the disease (RR = 4.7). Negative associative relations were found between FMF and antigens HLA-B12 and B18 (RR = 0.6 and 0.1), HLA DR4 (RR = 0.1) and phenotype MM (RR = 0.37). CONCLUSION: A simultaneous complex investigation of the markers of various immunogenetic systems allows detection of genetic markers of predisposition to FMF (HLA-B5, B35, Cw4, DR3, AB, Gmx+, MN) and the resistance to this disease (HLA-B12, B18, DR4) in a population of Armenians.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Individual immunogenetic characterization of patients with diffuse toxic goiter and autoimmune thyroiditis].

Statusmetry as a variant of a method of collective image recognition was used for evaluation of integral immunogenetic characterization of patients with toxic goiter (TG) and autoimmune thyroiditis (AT). Typing of 40 HLA antigens, class I, was performed in 114 TG patients, 106 AT patients and 500 healthy subjects, however this analysis employed the frequency of expression of 26 most informative specificities (9 alleles of locus A and 17 alleles of locus B of the HLA system). Functional models and decision rules to recognize TG, AT, remission and recurrence (decompensation) of TG were worked out. Recognition probability by the zero threshold was 68.4-78.3%. It was proposed that individual immunogenetic statusmetry should be used as part of diagnostic methods for TG and AT, their differential diagnosis, and a long-term prognosis of medicinal recurrence (decompensation) of TG.

Alleles↗
PubMed1990

[Immunogenetic methods for predicting the clinical course of tick-borne encephalitis].

Distribution of HLA antigens, haplotypes and phenotypes of the histocompatibility complex was studied and compared in 110 patients with tick borne encephalitis, living in Novosibirsk. The disease patterns and varieties were many and varied. Distribution of HLA antigens in 140 healthy subjects also living in Novosibirsk served as control. Based on the results of the immunogenetic examination of patients with tick borne encephalitis, the methods were elaborated, enabling one to predict with a high accuracy of probability the development of the feverish, meningeal or focal forms of tick borne encephalitis, one- or two-wave disease variety within the first days of disease. Concurrent analysis of the sex of the person bitten by the virulent tick and combination in one genotype of several allelic forms of the main histocompatibility complex genes allows one to raise appreciably the prognostic significance of the immunogenetic examination and to elaborate high-informative individual diagnostic criteria.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Immunogenetic aspects of a canine breeding colony.

A colony of dogs was expanded by selective breeding to study the immunogenetic determinants coded for by the major histocompatibility complex (DLA). Polymorphic determinants were identified by alloantisera specific for DLA-A and B loci antigens and by the mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) which defined alleles at the D locus. Thirteen families totaling 58 offspring were produced and typed for allelic determinants coded for by each of the three gene loci. Allelic segregation in a codominant manner occurred as expected and a recombinant between the A and B loci was detected. A number of animals were homozygous at one or more loci, thus providing genetically standardized animals as a source of typing cells, antigens, and sera to further study the immunogenetic details of DLA and for in vivo studies in transplantation biology.

Alleles↗
PubMed1985

Immunogenetic composition of 94 consecutive Danish families investigated with respect to bone marrow transplantation.

The immunogenetic composition of 94 patients needing bone marrow transplantation and their core families primarily investigated to select family bone marrow donors have been further analysed to test for association between disease and HLA-region markers. From this material it is shown, that in the primary immunogenetic analysis of the family, inclusion of mixed lymphocyte culture analysis increases donor possibilities by approximately 14% when a reciprocal negative MLC response and phenotypic HLA-DR compatibility are accepted as criteria for transplantation. Further, the results indicate, that no association between HLA and leukemia seems to exist.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1987

Immunogenetics of collagen-induced arthritis.

CIA is a unique experimental model of disease, which may be particularly relevant to the study of RA, since it represents a true autoimmune reaction against a major joint component. Since it represents a model of the association of MHC genes and disease, it has a broad relevance to the study of disease, particularly the contribution of class II MHC genes to autoimmunity. This disease model has been demonstrated in three species, and a marked influence of immunogenetic control is apparent. Native type II collagen is a large protein with a genetically conserved structure, giving rise to a number of cross-reactive antigen epitopes between species. Susceptibility to CIA correlates with an Ir directed against certain epitopes, and this autoimmune response appears to be controlled by MHC-linked genes. In the mouse, susceptibility has been specifically associated with variations in the I-A beta chain. The immunogenetic control may be effected through the T-cell recognition of the collagen molecule, resulting in antibodies and reactive cells with a specificity for native autologous type II collagen. Although the specificity of the anti-type II collagen response is the critical element in the generation of the autoimmune reaction, production of a high level of antibody is important, as well as a complement-fixing isotype. Cell-mediated immunity to type II collagen contributes to the disease chronicity, either through the generation of inappropriate T help, or a suppressor defect, and the production of factors. However, the precise sequence of events, from antigen recognition to joint damage, has yet to be elucidated fully. Some aspects of this experimental model bear a striking resemblence to RA. Hopefully, this experimental model will provide valuable insights into the significance of collagen autoimmunity and the contribution of class II genes to the pathology of arthritic disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

HLA as an immunogenetic risk factor in juvenile chronic arthritis.

We investigated the frequencies of HLA-A, -B, -C and -DR antigens in diseased and control group with the aim to find immunogenetic factors that influence the pathogenesis and clinical course of juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA). The study was conducted on 73 JCA patients, 24 boys and 49 girls. On the basis of observed HLA antigen frequencies the relative risks (RR) and their statistical significance as well as the attributable risks (delta) were calculated. In the group of 73 JCA children the only statistically significant finding was a decreased RR for DR7. When the calculations were performed on boys taken from the JCA group, significantly higher RR were found for DR5, B27, B40 and A32. Further analysis was performed on clinically defined subgroups of JCA. In 15 children with pauciarticular persistent arthritis significantly increased RR and delta were found for A25, DR2 and DR3. No significant RR were observed in a subgroup of 44 sero-negative polyarticular arthritis. When only boys of this subgroup were selected for calculations, significantly increased frequencies were found for antigens A32, B40, DR1 and DR5. The reason for a stronger association of immunogenetic risk factors in diseased males than females is discussed.

Arthritis, Juvenile↗
PubMed1987

Immunogenetic aspects of preeclampsia.

The etiology of preeclampsia (PE) is so far unknown; nevertheless both clinical and experimental findings suggest the possibility that immunogenetic factors operate in this disorder. In order to verify the role of immunogenetic factors in PE, a selected group of women (n = 26) affected with PE was chosen and HLA (human leucocytes A) frequency distribution, HLA antigens sharing between couples, homozygosity, incidence of HLA phenotypes and maternal antibody production were investigated. Neither significant differences in HLA frequencies nor homozygosity condition in preeclamptic and/or in the partners have been noted. HLA typing of the couples under study however demonstrates a very high antigen sharing between partners if compared with the sharing found in couples with normal reproductive performance. In 46% of PE women it was possible to demonstrate the presence of cytotoxic antibodies against surface structures of partner lymphocytes. The role of the MHC (major histocompatibility complex) in fetal survival and outcome is discussed.

Antilymphocyte Serum↗
PubMed1983

Correlation between immunogenetic markers and "in vivo" response to the german hepatitis B vaccine.

The antibody response to the German HB-vaccine in 100 volunteers was investigated with respect to the individual immunogenetic markers. After 3 doses of vaccine at days 0, 28 and 140, 7 serum samples were collected at days 0, 28, 56, 98, 140, 154, 168 and anti-HBs concentrations determined. Seroconversion was 96% after the 3rd injection with a mean antibody concentration of 947 mIU/ml. On the basis of antibody values on day 154 four groups of responders could be observed. Nonresponders, late and low responders, early and high responders and mixed type high responders with an early peak (IgM) between days 28 and 42. Assigning immunogenetic markers of the HLA-system and immunoglobulin G-allotype system to the different groups yielded evidence that HLA-DR3 is associated with higher antibody production towards HBsAg.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Immunogenetic findings in Crohn disease, ulcerative colitis and gluten sensitive enteropathy].

Immunogenetics explain the influence of genetic dispositions and regulation mechanisms on the defence mechanisms of organisms. In this paper the interrelationship between immunogenetic findings and Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis and glutensensitive enteropathy are presented. The association with HLA-antigens and the complement factors Bf and C 4 are described. An increased association of HLA-antigens with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis have not been observed, with one exception, the association between HLA-Bw 35 (53%) and ulcerative colitis in a particular ethnic group in Israel. In contrast, there is a distinct association between the complement allotype Bf-F and Crohn's disease (68%) and ulcerative colitis (50%), compared with controls (29%). Glutensensitive enteropathy shows no increased occurrence of complement factors however there is an association with HLA-B8 (83%) DR 3 (94%) and DR 7 (61%). The phenotype description of the genes of the main histocompatibility complexes allows, amongst others, a conclusion concerning the pathogenesis and diagnosis of certain diseases. A new approach to these diseases has been introduced.

Celiac Disease↗
PubMed1995

Immunogenetic aspects of primary sclerosing cholangitis: implications for therapeutic strategies.

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease characterized by fibro-obliterative inflammation of the intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts; in 70% of cases, it is associated with inflammatory bowel disease. The disease usually runs a progressive course, ultimately leading to biliary cirrhosis, hepatic failure, and sometimes cholangiocarcinoma, with a median survival of 12 yr after diagnosis. As yet, the etiology of primary sclerosing cholangitis remains unknown, although several recent studies have implicated immunogenetic factors as important pathogenic mechanisms. Besides liver transplantation for patients with end-stage cirrhotic liver disease and endoscopic therapy for patients with dominant extrahepatic bile duct strictures, recent studies have also shown promising results of drug therapy with ursodeoxycholic acid in the treatment of PSC. The purpose of this article is to summarize our current knowledge of the immunogenetic factors in the pathogenesis of PSC and to present support for drug therapy with ursodeoxycholic acid in the treatment of PSC. The genetic and immunological factors in the pathogenesis of PSC are outlined first, followed by a rationale of drug therapy with ursodeoxycholic acid in the treatment of PSC.

Cholangitis, Sclerosing↗
PubMed1995

Primary gastric Hodgkin's disease. Morphologic, immunohistochemical, and immunogenetic analyses.

Two cases of primary gastric Hodgkin's disease were examined morphologically and immunohistochemically. Immunogenetic studies were also made in one of the cases. Case 1 was diagnosed as nodular sclerosis and case 2 as mixed cellularity Hodgkin's disease. Large atypical mononuclear or multinucleated giant cells were immunohistochemically positive for BerH2, whereas they were negative for LCA, L26, DAKO CD3, MT1, UCHL-1, S100 protein, and MAC387. In case 1, large atypical cells examined immunohistochemically on frozen tissue specimens were positive for Ki-1 and negative for T- and B-cell markers. Southern blot hybridization studies performed on material from case 1 revealed germline configuration of immunoglobulin JH and T-cell-receptor beta-chain genes. To our knowledge, this is the first report in which primary gastric Hodgkin's disease has been studied immunogenetically. Although rare in incidence, the existence of Hodgkin's disease in the stomach must be noted.

Aged↗