Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “expression analysis”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Class II-antigen-negative patient and mutant B-cell lines represent at least three, and probably four, distinct genetic defects defined by complementation analysis.

Expression of class II major histocompatibility complex antigens in defective B-lymphoblastoid cell lines from patients with class II antigen deficiency and from in vitro mutants generated with the same phenotype was studied. By heterogenetic fusion experiments, at least three, and probably four, complementation groups were defined. Furthermore, clone 13 (a DR-, DP-, but DQ+ cell line) appeared to belong to the RJ2.2.5 complementation group, for which all other members are DR-, DP-, and also DQ-. Thus, it is hypothesized that the cell lines of this group lack the activity of a gene that can differentially regulate the DR/DP and the DQ promoters.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1992

Phenotypic modulation of perisinusoidal cells following acute liver injury: a quantitative analysis.

Expression of the alpha-(smooth muscle) isoform of actin (alpha-SMA) by non-parenchymal cells in rat liver was studied following induction of acute liver injury using a single sublethal dose of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). In normal liver, alpha-SMA immunoreactivity was identified in the smooth muscle cells of hepatic arteries and in the walls of portal and hepatic vein branches. Occasional alpha-SMA-containing stellate shaped cells were found in acinar zone 3 but most perisinusoidal cells (PSCs) did not express this protein. In CCl4-treated animals, there was an increase in the number of immunoreactive cells in perivenular zones, reaching a peak at day 3 following exposure to the toxin. These cells were morphologically identical to desmin-positive PSCs and the kinetics of the responses of alpha-SMA-positive and desmin-positive cells were similar. In en face labelling experiments, evidence of co-expression of alpha-SMA and desmin by non-parenchymal cells was obtained, although some desmin-positive PSCs did not appear to express alpha-SMA. These results suggest that PSCs rapidly undergo phenotypic modulation in response to acute liver injury with acquisition of alpha-SMA expression. It is proposed that these phenotypic changes coincide with functional alterations, such activated 'myofibroblast-like' cells being responsible for the enhanced matrix protein synthesis necessary for tissue repair.

Actins↗
PubMed2026

Analysis of genetic polymorphisms and mRNA expression of DRD3 and HTR2A in bruxism.

BACKGROUND: Bruxism, characterized by the involuntary grinding or clenching of teeth, is influenced by genetic, psychological, and environmental factors. This study aimed to evaluate the role of DRD3 (rs6280) and HTR2A (rs6313) polymorphisms in bruxism and to investigate the expression of these genes to better understand their biological significance. METHODS: This case-control study included 82 bruxism patients and 87 controls. Diagnosis was based on clinical examination and non-instrumental criteria from the 2018 international consensus. Genotyping of HTR2A rs6313 and DRD3 rs6280 was performed using PCR-RFLP, and gene expression in peripheral blood was assessed by qPCR. Statistical analyses included chi-square tests, logistic regression, and mRNA expression analysis using the ΔΔCt method. RESULTS: A significant association was identified between bruxism and the rs6313 polymorphism of the HTR2A gene (p = 0.004; OR = 1.89 [1.23-2.92]), with the C allele associated with increased risk. Moreover, HTR2A mRNA expression was upregulated in individuals with bruxism. While no significant differences were observed in DRD3 rs6280 genotype distribution between cases and controls, the presence of the C allele appeared to increase susceptibility to sleep bruxism. In addition, DRD3 mRNA expression was downregulated in bruxism patients. CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight a significant association between bruxism and the rs6313 polymorphism of the HTR2A gene. Furthermore, increased HTR2A and decreased DRD3 expression support the involvement of serotonin and dopamine pathways in bruxism etiology, underscoring its multifactorial and complex nature. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: This study elucidates the genetic basis of bruxism, indicating a potential role of serotonin and dopamine signaling in its pathogenesis. Understanding genetic predisposition could aid in early detection, risk assessment, and targeted treatment development. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov ; trial registration number: NCT06457646 (13/06/2024).

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Flow cytometric analysis of expression of interleukin-2 receptor beta chain (p70-75) on various leukemic cells.

We analyzed the expression of the interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) beta chain (p70-75) on various leukemic cells from 44 patients by flow cytometric analysis using the IL-2R beta chain-specific monoclonal antibody (MoAb), designated Mik-beta 1, which has been recently developed. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated the expression of the IL-2R beta chain on granular lymphocytes (GLs) from all eight patients with granular lymphocyte proliferative disorders (GLPDs), on adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) cells from all three patients with ATL, and on T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) cells from one of three patients with T-ALL. Although GLs from all the GLPD patients expressed the IL-2R beta chain alone and not the IL-2R alpha chain (Tac-antigen: p55), ATL and T-ALL cells expressing the beta chain coexpressed the alpha chain. In two of seven patients with common ALL (cALL) and in both patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, the leukemic cells expressed the alpha chain alone. Neither the alpha chain nor the beta chain was expressed on leukemic cells from the remaining 28 patients, including all 18 patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, five of seven patients with cALL, all three patients with multiple myeloma, and two of three patients with T-ALL. These results indicate that three different forms of IL-2R chain expression exist on leukemic cells: the alpha chain alone; the beta chain alone; and both the alpha and beta chains. To examine whether the results obtained by flow cytometric analysis actually reflect functional aspects of the expressed IL-2Rs, we studied the specific binding of 125I-labeled IL-2 (125I-IL-2) to leukemic cells in 18 of the 44 patients. In addition, we performed 125I-IL-2 crosslinking studies in seven patients. The results of IL-2R expression of both 125I-IL-2 binding assay and crosslinking studies were in agreement with those obtained by flow cytometric analysis. These results indicate that flow cytometric analysis using MoAbs, anti-Tac, and Mik-beta 1 is useful for detecting the expression of the IL-2R chains.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed2026

Genome-wide identification, characterization, evolutionary analysis, and expression profiling of the FCS-like zinc finger (FLZ) gene family in soybean (Glycine max L.) under abiotic stresses.

Drought and salinity limit soybean yield. Despite their role in the SnRK1 energy-sensing complex, a systematic study of FCS-Like Zinc Finger (FLZ) proteins in soybean has not been reported. We performed a genome-wide identification of the GmFLZ gene family, identifying 40 members distributed across 18 of the 20 soybean chromosomes. Phylogenetic analysis of 87 FLZ proteins from Glycine max, Arabidopsis thaliana, and Oryza sativa revealed four major evolutionary clades, suggesting that diversification predates the separation of monocots and dicots. Structural analysis identified ten conserved motifs, with Motifs 1 and 2 present in all family members. Gene duplication analysis identified 304 paralogous pairs, most arising from segmental duplication. Ka/Ks analysis indicated localized positive selection in six gene pairs and purifying selection in 97.9% of pairs. Tissue-specific expression profiling across nine tissues showed that GmFLZ5, GmFLZ15, GmFLZ25, and GmFLZ34 had the highest expression levels detected across the GmFLZ family, with GmFLZ5 the most highly expressed member in leaves, nodules, and stem and showing moderate expression in pod, root, and root hairs, whereas GmFLZ18, GmFLZ23, and GmFLZ37 showed root-preferential expression. RT-qPCR validation under drought (20% PEG-6000) and salt (200 mM NaCl) treatments in the Giza 5 cultivar showed that 36 and 34 of the 40 GmFLZ genes, respectively, exhibited at least a two-fold change in expression, with GmFLZ21 and GmFLZ35 among the most strongly induced under salt stress. These findings provide an evolutionary and functional framework for the GmFLZ family and identify candidate genes for future functional studies in soybean stress tolerance.

Glycine max↗
PubMed1991

Vectors for the expression and analysis of DNA-binding proteins in yeast.

A series of 13 vectors is described. All are yeast centromere plasmids with the LEU2 gene for selection in yeast, and pUC19 sequences for growth in Escherichia coli. All contain the GAL1 promoter directing transcription into a multiple cloning site (MCS). For twelve of the plasmids, synthetic oligodeoxyribonucleotides create an ATG start codon, in a productive context for yeast, prior to the MCS. Spacing between the ATG and the MCS is variable, to facilitate the cloning of gene fragments in the appropriate reading frame. Nine of the plasmids also contain the strong transcriptional activator from the herpes simplex virus VP16 gene, joined downstream from the MCS. In these nine vectors, all possible combinations of reading frames are available. The suitability of these plasmids for the expression and analysis of DNA-binding domains is tested by cloning into them fragments of the yeast HSF1 gene, encoding the heat shock transcription factor (HSF). The regulation of reporter gene expression by the chimeric HSF-VP16 fusions is described, as is the utility of these vectors for other applications.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed2026

LINC01871-Mediated Sensitivity to Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4/6 Inhibitors in Human Breast Cancer.

Breast cancer remains the most frequently diagnosed malignancy in women, and resistance to cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors limits long-term treatment efficacy. This study aimed to identify long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) associated with predicted sensitivity to CDK4/6 inhibitors and to investigate their biological functions in breast cancer. Transcriptomic data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and drug sensitivity data from the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer 2 (GDSC2) database were integrated, and drug sensitivity was predicted using the oncoPredict algorithm. Candidate lncRNAs were identified through differential expression analysis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis, prognostic analysis, and machine learning. The biological functions of LINC01871 were subsequently evaluated using in vitro and in vivo experiments. Sixty-two lncRNAs associated with predicted sensitivity to ribociclib and palbociclib were identified, and six core lncRNAs were selected. LINC01871 showed the highest discriminatory performance for predicted drug sensitivity. Overexpression of LINC01871 was associated with increased sensitivity of breast cancer cells to ribociclib and palbociclib, inhibition of cell proliferation, promotion of apoptosis, and suppression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis demonstrated high LINC01871 expression in T cells and natural killer (NK) cells, while transcriptome-based immune infiltration analyses showed that high LINC01871 expression was associated with increased immune infiltration. These findings identify LINC01871 as a candidate biomarker of sensitivity to CDK4/6 inhibitors and demonstrate its tumor-suppressive effects in breast cancer. Further clinical and mechanistic studies are required to validate its predictive value and therapeutic relevance.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

Planarian homeobox genes: cloning, sequence analysis, and expression.

Freshwater planarians (Platyhelminthes, Turbellaria, and Tricladida) are acoelomate, triploblastic, unsegmented, and bilaterally symmetrical organisms that are mainly known for their ample power to regenerate a complete organism from a small piece of their body. To identify potential pattern-control genes in planarian regeneration, we have isolated two homeobox-containing genes, Dth-1 and Dth-2 [Dugesia (Girardia) tigrina homeobox], by using degenerate oligonucleotides corresponding to the most conserved amino acid sequence from helix-3 of the homeodomain. Dth-1 and Dth-2 homeodomains are closely related (68% at the nucleotide level and 78% at the protein level) and show the conserved residues characteristic of the homeodomains identified to data. Similarity with most homeobox sequences is low (30-50%), except with Drosophila NK homeodomains (80-82% with NK-2) and the rodent TTF-1 homeodomain (77-87%). Some unusual amino acid residues specific to NK-2, TTF-1, Dth-1, and Dth-2 can be observed in the recognition helix (helix-3) and may define a family of homeodomains. The deduced amino acid sequences from the cDNAs contain, in addition to the homeodomain, other domains also present in various homeobox-containing genes. The expression of both genes, detected by Northern blot analysis, appear slightly higher in cephalic regions than in the rest of the intact organism, while a slight increase is detected in the central period (5 days) or regeneration.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1987

Interferon-mediated enhancement of thyroid major histocompatibility complex antigen expression. A flow cytometric analysis.

Epithelial expression of class II antigens encoded by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) has been proposed as a means by which autoimmune thyroid disease may be initiated and maintained. We studied a rat thyroid epithelial cell line (FRTL-5), which constitutively expresses class I (OX18) but not class II (OX6 or OX17) determinants to quantify in vitro MHC antigen induction using flow cytometry. Recombinant rat gamma interferon (rIFN-gamma) induced dose-dependent expression of OX6 (I-A) antigen at greater than 48 h (maximum 80-90% of cells in culture at 100 U/ml), which was abrogated by DB-1, a monoclonal antibody to rat IFN-gamma. OX17 antigen (I-E) was also induced (86%) and OX18 (class I) markedly increased under these conditions. Other thyroid-active agents including the calcium ionophore A23187, dibutyryl cyclic AMP, thyroid-stimulating autoantibodies from Graves' disease patients (LATS), and TSH, caused no I-A induction. Supernatants from spleen cells stimulated with plant lectins (concanavalin A or phytohaemagglutinin), but not lectin alone, evoked substantial class II induction, which was inhibited by DB-1. These findings suggest that IFN-gamma is the central mediator of thyroid epithelial class II expression. FRTL-5 provides a powerful model for the analysis of thyroid MHC class II dynamics and a potential means of analysing the role of epithelial class II in autoimmune pathogenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Nucleotide sequence analysis and expression from recombinant vectors demonstrate that the attachment protein G of bovine respiratory syncytial virus is distinct from that of human respiratory syncytial virus.

Bovine respiratory syncytial (BRS) virus causes a severe lower respiratory tract disease in calves similar to the disease in children caused by human respiratory syncytial (HRS) virus. While there is antigenic cross-reactivity among the other major viral structural proteins, the major glycoprotein, G, of BRS virus and that of HRS virus are antigenically distinct. The G glycoprotein has been implicated as the attachment protein for HRS virus. We have carried out a molecular comparison of the glycoprotein G of BRS virus with the HRS virus counterparts. cDNA clones corresponding to the BRS virus G glycoprotein mRNA were isolated and analyzed by dideoxynucleotide sequencing. The BRS virus G mRNA contained 838 nucleotides exclusive of poly(A) and had a major open reading frame coding for a polypeptide of 257 amino acid residues. The deduced amino acid sequence of the BRS virus G polypeptide showed only 29 to 30% amino acid identity with the G protein of either the subgroup A or B HRS virus. However, despite this low level of identity, there were strong similarities in the predicted hydropathy profiles of the BRS virus and HRS virus G proteins. A cDNA molecule containing the complete BRS virus G major open reading frame was inserted into the thymidine kinase gene of vaccinia virus by homologous recombination, and a recombinant virus containing the BRS virus G protein gene was isolated. This recombinant virus expressed the BRS virus G protein, as demonstrated by Western immunoblot analysis and immunofluorescence of infected cells. The BRS virus G protein expressed from the recombinant vector was transported to and expressed on the surface of infected cells. Antisera to the BRS virus G protein made by using the recombinant vector to immunize animals recognized the BRS virus attachment protein but not the HRS virus G protein and vice versa, confirming the lack of antigenic cross-reactivity between the BRS and HRS virus attachment proteins. On the basis of the data presented here, we conclude that BRS virus should be classified within the genus Pneumovirus in a group separate from HRS virus and that it is no more closely related to HRS virus subgroup A than it is to HRS virus subgroup B.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2026

ZBTB16-associated NK cell alterations reveal shared immunometabolic signatures linking primary Sjögren's syndrome and type 1 diabetes mellitus.

BACKGROUND: Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) share immune-inflammatory features, yet conserved pathogenic signatures linking these autoimmune disorders remain incompletely understood. The present research sought to uncover common molecular markers and dissect the underlying immune-metabolic cross-talk underlying pSS and T1DM. METHODS: Gene expression profiles of patients with pSS and T1DM were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, normalized, and corrected for batch effects prior to downstream analyses. Overlapping potential biomarkers were screened by integrating differential expression analysis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression. Functional enrichment based on Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes databases was implemented to interpret gene biological properties, and a protein-protein interaction network was further established afterwards. Diagnostic performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic analysis. Experimental validation was conducted in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice using quantitative PCR, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry. The CIBERSORT algorithm was adopted to quantify immune cell infiltration levels. RESULTS: ZBTB16 was identified as a shared hub biomarker in both pSS and T1DM and exhibited favorable diagnostic performance. Experimental validation confirmed significantly reduced ZBTB16 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, salivary gland tissues, and pancreatic tissues of NOD mice. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis indicated that ZBTB16-associated signatures were enriched in mitochondrial-related processes, neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions, and ribosome-related pathways. Immune infiltration analysis revealed that resting natural killer (NK) cells were positively correlated with ZBTB16 expression in both diseases. Flow cytometric analysis further confirmed a reduced proportion of resting NK cells in peripheral blood of NOD mice, consistent with the CIBERSORT-based prediction. CONCLUSION: This study identifies ZBTB16 as a shared biomarker linking pSS and T1DM. Reduced resting NK-cell abundance was consistently observed in both computational and experimental analyses, and bioinformatic correlation analysis suggested a positive association with ZBTB16 expression. These findings provide evidence for shared molecular and immunological signatures underlying the two autoimmune disorders and support further investigation of the biological role and diagnostic value of ZBTB16 in pSS and T1DM.

Sjogren's Syndrome↗
PubMed2026

MS4A3 as a potential prognostic biomarker for colon cancer: integrated analysis of expression patterns and immune cell infiltration.

BACKGROUND: Membrane Spanning 4-Domains A3 (MS4A3) has been confirmed to possess significant tumor-suppressive potential in various malignancies. However, its expression characteristics and clinical prognostic value in colon cancer (CC) still lack systematic and in-depth investigation. This study aimed to systematically investigate the expression pattern, prognostic value, immune microenvironment association, and biological function of MS4A3 in CC through integrated bioinformatics analyses and experimental validation. METHODS: This study utilized The Cancer Genome Atlas-Colon Adenocarcinoma (TCGA-COAD) cohort to screen for genes significantly associated with CC and combined multiple independent Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets to validate the expression patterns and prognostic significance of MS4A3. Key biological pathways were identified through gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and tumor immune infiltration characteristics were evaluated using the CIBERSORT algorithm. Additionally, the expression of MS4A3 and its impacts on cellular functions were validated at the cellular level through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), Western blot, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), EdU, Transwell, and TUNEL assays. RESULTS: Analysis of public datasets revealed that MS4A3 is significantly downregulated in CC tissues, and its low expression is an independent risk factor for shortened overall survival (OS). GSEA indicated that MS4A3 downregulation is closely associated with the aberrant activation of the pentose phosphate pathway. Immune infiltration analysis showed that low MS4A3 expression is closely linked to the enrichment of M2 macrophages and neutrophils, as well as the upregulation of multiple immune checkpoint genes. In vitro experiments further confirmed that MS4A3 was lowly expressed in CC cell lines. Its overexpression significantly inhibited CC cell viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion, while simultaneously promoting cell apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS: MS4A3 expression is significantly decreased in CC tissues and is significantly correlated with poor prognosis, suggesting that this gene may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker.

MS4A3↗
PubMed2026

Nested co-expression network analysis identifies compact gene clusters in a black box.

MOTIVATION: Digital analysis of biological systems requires methods capable of identifying both broad and nested gene modules reflecting complex biological processes. Existing transcriptomic methods often miss compact gene sets corresponding to subprocesses in specialized cell types, limiting insights into functional heterogeneity. RESULTS: We present Nested-WGCNA, a two-stage unsupervised network analysis algorithm designed to identify coarse-grained and fine-grained gene modules. Applied to bulk RNA-Seq data, Nested-WGCNA reveals stable modules reproducible across datasets. When validated against scRNA-Seq data, these modules correspond to both major and minor immune cell subtypes. Application to immunotherapy response datasets uncovers predictive and prognostic biomarkers, highlighting its utility in treatment stratification and biomarker discovery. AVAILABILITY: The NestedWGCNA source code and analysis pipeline are available on GitHub (https://github.com/ilyada/NestedWGCNA) and archived on Zenodo (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18959244).

Algorithms↗
PubMed2025

RNAcare: integrating clinical data with transcriptomic evidence using rheumatoid arthritis as a case study.

BACKGROUND: Gene expression analysis is a crucial tool for uncovering the biological mechanisms that underlie differences between patient subgroups, offering insights that can inform clinical decisions. However, despite its potential, gene expression analysis remains challenging for clinicians due to the specialised skills required to access, integrate, and analyse large datasets. Existing tools primarily focus on RNA-Seq data analysis, providing user-friendly interfaces but often falling short in several critical areas: they typically do not integrate clinical data, lack support for patient-specific analyses, and offer limited flexibility in exploring relationships between gene expression and clinical outcomes in disease cohorts. Users, including clinicians with a general knowledge of transcriptomics, however, who may have limited programming experience, are increasingly seeking tools that go beyond traditional analysis. To overcome these issues, computational tools must incorporate advanced techniques, such as machine learning, to better understand how gene expression correlates with patient symptoms of interest. RESULTS: Our RNAcare platform, addresses these limitations by offering an interactive and reproducible solution specifically designed for analysing transcriptomic data from patient samples in a clinical context. This enables researchers to directly integrate gene expression data with clinical features, perform exploratory data analysis, and identify patterns among patients with similar diseases. By enabling users to integrate transcriptomic and clinical data, and customise the target label, the platform facilitates the analysis of the relationships between gene expression and clinical symptoms like pain and fatigue. This allows users to generate hypotheses and illustrative visualisations/reports to support their research. As proof of concept, we use RNAcare to link inflammation-related genes to pain and fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and detect signatures in the drug response group, confirming previous findings. CONCLUSION: We present a novel computational platform allowing the interpretation of clinical and transcriptomics data in real-time. The platform can be used for data generated by the user, such as the patient data presented here or using published datasets. The platform is available at https://rna-care.mvls.gla.ac.uk/ , and its source code is https://github.com/sii-scRNA-Seq/RNAcare/ .

Humans↗
PubMed1987

A transcriptional repressor encoded by BPV-1 shares a common carboxy-terminal domain with the E2 transactivator.

A negative-acting transcriptional regulatory factor encoded by bovine papillomavirus type 1 (BPV-1) was identified. This factor inhibits BPV-1-mediated transformation of mouse C127 cells; inhibition is BPV-1-specific and occurs only when the BPV-1 transforming genes are regulated by authentic transcriptional control elements. Plasmids expressing the inhibition function also repress E2 transactivation of the BPV-1 E2-dependent enhancer, and this repression is mediated by the same cis-acting element required for E2 transactivation. Inhibition of transformation may result from down-regulation of E2-dependent viral gene expression. Analysis of cDNA expressing the inhibition/repression activities mapped the function to the 3' domain of the E2 open reading frame. The E2 open reading frame thus encodes both positive and negative transcriptional regulatory factors, and these factors share a carboxy-terminal domain.

Bovine papillomavirus 1↗
PubMed1987

Screening of a recombinant mycobacterial DNA library with polyclonal antiserum and molecular weight analysis of expressed antigens.

A lambda gt11 expression library containing recombinant DNA from Mycobacterium tuberculosis was screened using hyperimmune anti-M. tuberculosis rabbit serum. The majority (22 of 29) of the recombinant clones selected by using polyclonal serum expressed three antigens that were previously identified by using mouse monoclonal antibodies, thus indicating the immunodominance of these proteins. Western blot analysis of the recombinant clones demonstrated that expression of these antigens is frequently independent of the formation of beta-galactosidase fusion proteins. The molecular weight of each expressed antigen can vary between clones and is not necessarily identical to that found in mycobacterial extracts.

Animals↗
PubMed2026

Identification of mitochondrial energy metabolism-related candidate genes UQCR10 and NDUFA6 in pediatric tetralogy of fallot: an exploratory bioinformatics study.

BACKGROUND: Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is one of the most common cyanotic congenital heart diseases in infants and young children. Its molecular basis remains incompletely understood. This study aimed to identify mitochondrial energy metabolism-related candidate genes associated with pediatric TOF using public heart tissue transcriptomic datasets from the GEO database. METHODS: Datasets GSE146218 and GSE217772 were downloaded and merged, followed by batch-effect correction. Differential expression analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Functional enrichment analysis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis were used to prioritize candidate genes. The Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) was used as an exploratory literature-based tool to summarize gene-disease associations. RESULTS: A total of 960 DEGs were identified. Functional enrichment analyses showed that these genes were mainly enriched in mitochondrial energy metabolism-related pathways, including oxidative phosphorylation and the mitochondrial respiratory chain. WGCNA and PPI network analyses further prioritized UQCR10 and NDUFA6 as candidate genes, and both genes showed increased expression in TOF heart tissue samples. CTD analysis suggested literature-based associations between these genes and cardiovascular or developmental disease-related terms. CONCLUSION: This exploratory bioinformatics study identified UQCR10 and NDUFA6 as mitochondrial energy metabolism-related candidate genes upregulated in pediatric TOF heart tissue. These findings suggest that mitochondrial respiratory chain-related transcriptional alterations may be involved in TOF-associated myocardial remodeling or stress responses. Further experimental and clinical validation is required to confirm their biological relevance.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

Analysis of expression and thermoregulation of the Yersinia pseudotuberculosis inv gene with hybrid proteins.

A series of translational fusions between the Yersinia pseudotuberculosis inv locus and lacZ was constructed. Each Lac+ fusion strain expressed a hybrid protein containing invasin, the product of the inv locus, at its amino-terminal end. Analysis of these gene fusions allowed determination of the direction of translation of the inv gene. Previous studies of Y. pseudotuberculosis invasion have shown that entry into animal cells is temperature regulated. It is shown here that control of expression of the inv gene is also temperature regulated. phoA gene fusions to inv, when present in Y. pseudotuberculosis, were expressed at lower levels when bacteria were grown at 37 degrees C rather than at 28 degrees C. Similar fusions, in contrast, were regulated in a temperature-independent fashion in Escherichia coli, as was the wild-type inv gene. This implies that Y. pseudotuberculosis has chromosomally encoded trans-acting functions that normally thermoregulate expression of inv.

Adhesins, Bacterial↗