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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

[The acoustic analysis of mutational "falsetto"].

OBJECTIVE: Set an objectively scientific foundation for name, diagnosis, therapy and assessment of mutational falsetto. METHOD: We analyzed the acoustic samples of patients by computer, 15 patients, 12 normal young men, 13 normal young women and 12 normal children were asked to produced comfortable modal vowel/a/ and /i/, sustained 3 seconds. The falsetto /a/ and /i/ were only collected from young men and women. The acoustic parameters were compared between any two groups. RESULT: Both vowel /a/ and /i/, the fundamental frequency, highest fundamental frequency and lowest fundamental frequency of patients are closed to young women's (P > 0.05). Jitter percent and pitch perturbation quotient is significantly higher than other groups (P < 0.05). Fundamental frequency variation has no significant difference between groups, but the patients mean is higher than others. Shimmer percent and peak-to-peak amplitude variation of patients' vowel /a/ are distinctly greater than other groups. Amplitude perturbation quotient of vowel /a/ has no significance between groups, but the patients' group is higher than others. Shimmer percent, peak-to-peak amplitude variation and amplitude perturbation of vowel /i/ has no significant difference between most groups, but the results of patients are the biggest. Noise to harmonic ratio of falsetto is the lowest among all groups. Voice turbulence index of the patients and falsetto is lower than that of others. Soft phonation index of patients is higher than other groups and near to falsetto, vowel /i/ is more significant than /a/. The children falsetto and the patients have voice break. CONCLUSION: Mutational "falsetto" is not really falsetto, but rather similar to female's voice. To lower fundamental frequency and improve chest resonance is the key of treatment. Both psychotherapy and voice training are important. We can try to use rigid phonation to treat patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Objective analysis of the singing voice as a training aid.

A new tool for robust tracking of fundamental frequency is proposed, along with an objective measure of main singing voice parameters, such as vibrato rate, vibrato extent, and vocal intonation. High-resolution Power Spectral Density estimation is implemented, based on AutoRegressive models of suitable order, allowing reliable formant tracking also in vocalizations characterized by highly varying values. The proposed techniques are applied to about 1000 vocalizations, coming from both professional and non-professional singers, and show better performance as compared to classical Fourier-based approaches. If properly implemented, and with a user-friendly interface, the new tool would allow real-time analysis of singing voice. Hence, it could be of help in giving non-professional singers and singing teachers reliable measures of possible improvements during and after training.

Acoustics↗
PubMed1996

Effects of perceptual training based upon synthesized voice signals.

28 undergraduate students participated in a perceptual voice experiment to assess the effects of training utilizing synthesized voice signals. An instructional strategy based upon synthesized examples of a three-part classification system: "breathy," "rough," and "hoarse," was employed. Training samples were synthesized with varying amounts of jitter (cycle-to-cycle deviation in pitch period) and harmonic-to-noise ratios to represent these qualities. Before training, listeners categorized 60 pathological voices into "breathy," "rough," and "hoarse," largely on the basis of fundamental frequency. After training, categorizations were influenced by harmonic-to-noise ratios as well as fundamental frequency, suggesting that listeners were more aware of spectral differences in pathological voices associated with commonly occurring laryngeal conditions. 40% of the pathological voice samples remained unclassified following training.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Risk factors for voice problems in teachers.

In order to identify factors that are associated with voice problems and voice-related absenteeism in teachers, 1,878 questionnaires were analysed. The questionnaires inquired about personal data, voice complaints, voice-related absenteeism from work and conditions that may lead to voice complaints and absenteeism. Different factors play a role in the development and consolidation of voice problems. Physical and psycho-emotional factors appear to be the most important risk factors. Remarkably, voice load and environment seem to be less important as risk factors in the development and consolidation of voice complaints. Teachers who experienced voice problems during their training reported more voice problems during their career. The results of this study stress the importance of a multifactorial approach in the diagnosis and treatment of voice problems, whereby physical and psycho-emotional aspects should be considered as sensitive to the risk of developing voice problems. Moreover, this study shows the crucial importance of adequate voice training during the teacher training programme.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed2004

Effects of singing training on the speaking voice of voice majors.

This longitudinal study gathered data with regard to the question: Does singing training have an effect on the speaking voice? Fourteen voice majors (12 females and two males; age range 17 to 20 years) were recorded once a semester for four consecutive semesters, while sustaining vowels and reading the "Rainbow Passage." Acoustic measures included speaking fundamental frequency (SFF) and sound pressure level (SLP). Perturbation measures included jitter, shimmer, and harmonic-to-noise ratio. Temporal measures included sentence, consonant, and diphthong durations. Results revealed that, as the number of semesters increased, the SFF increased while jitter and shimmer slightly decreased. Repeated measure analysis, however, indicated that none of the acoustic, temporal, or perturbation differences were statistically significant. These results confirm earlier cross-sectional studies that compared singers with nonsingers, in that singing training mostly affects the singing voice and rarely the speaking voice.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Coping with voices: selective attention training for persistent auditory hallucinations in treatment refractory schizophrenia.

Attentional difficulties in people with schizophrenia are common and can be disabling. A number of cognitive rehabilitation interventions aim to improve attention span by having patients practice paying attention to various types of stimuli for increasing lengths of time. However, such interventions typically assume that the attention deficit is a form of negative symptom, reflecting a reduced ability to maintain an attentional focus. In the following case study, we describe a cognitive intervention for a patient whose inability to pay attention was the result of persistent, distracting, and disabling auditory hallucinations. The dichotic listening paradigm was modified to enable the patient to repeatedly practice attending to a source of relevant information, while ignoring irrelevant information that was gradually introduced to one, two, and then three spatial locations. A graded technique was used wherein difficulty level (i.e., number of stimulus sources and stimulus intensity) was increased only after near perfect performance was achieved on prior trials. Embedding this intervention within the context of a therapeutic relationship led to clear improvement in task performance over time, with concomitant better attentiveness on the inpatient unit, and an improved ability to engage in interviews at residential settings, leading to subsequent hospital discharge.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2005

Comparisons of voice onset time for trained male singers and male nonsingers during speaking and singing.

This study was designed to examine the temporal acoustic differences between male trained singers and nonsingers during speaking and singing across voiced and voiceless English stop consonants. Recordings were made of 5 trained singers and 5 nonsingers, and acoustically analyzed for voice onset time (VOT). A mixed analysis of variance showed that the male trained singers had significantly longer mean VOT than did the nonsingers during voiceless stop production. Sung productions of voiceless stops had significantly longer mean VOTs than did the spoken productions. No significant differences were observed for the voiced stops, nor were any interactions observed. These results indicated that vocal training and phonatory task have a significant influence on VOT.

Analysis of Variance↗