Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “VITAMIN F”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Alcohol and nutrients in relation to colon cancer in middle-aged adults.

A population-based case-control study was conducted from 1985 to 1989 in western Washington State to assess the relation between nutrients and the incidence of colon cancer in men and women aged 30-62. A food frequency questionnaire was used to document the usual diet 7 years before diagnosis for 424 cases and at a similar time for 414 controls. Alcohol consumption was strongly related to the risk of colon cancer in both men and women, with age-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of colon cancer = 1.0, 1.9, 1.7, and 2.6 for 0, < 10, 10-29, and > or = 30 g/day intake for men and adjusted odds ratios = 1.0, 1.3, 1.8, and 2.5 for the same categories for women. The trend odds ratio associated with a one-category increment in the four-level alcohol consumption variable was 1.3 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.0-1.5) in men and 1.4 (95% CI 1.0-1.7) in women. For both sexes, higher dietary fiber intakes were associated with lower relative risks for colon cancer, with age-, energy-, and alcohol-adjusted odds ratios = 1.0, 0.9, 0.8, and 0.6 across quartiles of consumption for men (trend OR for a one-quartile increment = 0.8, 95% CI 0.7-1.1) and adjusted odds ratios = 1.0, 0.9, 0.5, and 0.5 for women (trend OR = 0.8, 95% CI 0.6-1.0). In men, this was mostly attributable to intake of cereal fiber (trend OR = 0.8, 95% CI 0.6-1.0) while, in women, this association mostly reflected the effect of fruit fiber (trend OR = 0.8, 95% CI 0.6-0.9) and vegetable fiber (trend OR = 0.8, 95% CI 0.7-1.0). Calcium was associated with a decreased risk of colon cancer among women only (adjusted OR across quartiles = 1.0, 0.5, 0.6, 0.3; trend OR = 0.7, 95% CI 0.6-1.0). There was no indication of an association between colon cancer and fat or protein consumption or dietary vitamins.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1976

Vitamin A transport in human vitamin A toxicity.

The plasma retinol transport system was studied in three patients with chronic hypervitaminosis A. The toxic state in each was associated with increased plasma concentrations of total vitamin A, and particularly of retinyl esters. The concentrations of plasma retinol-binding protein and prealbumin were, in contrast, non to retinol-binding protein. These limited clinical data support conclusions from detailed studies with hypervitaminotic rats, which suggest that vitamin A toxicity occurs when excessive amounts of vitamin A are presented to cell membranes in association with plasma lipoproteins, rather than specifically bound to retinol-binding protein. Retinol-binding protein may not only regulate the supply of retinol to tissues but also protect tissues from the surface-active properties of the vitamin.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Validation of the Italian food composition database of the European institute of oncology.

OBJECTIVE: To compare nutrient intakes obtained by chemical analysis of food composite or duplicate portion of diets with those obtained by weighed record method using the database of the European Institute of Oncology (EIO). SETTING: Nutrition Section, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy. SUBJECTS: Fifteen subjects aged 40-59 y in 1960 (41 observations in three seasons), twenty-six subjects in 1965, and only nine remaining subjects in 1970 and 1991 were examined in Crevalcore. In Montegiorgio sixteen subjects aged 40-59 y in 1960 (39 observations in three seasons), thirty-two in 1965, twenty in 1970 and nine in 1991 were assessed. Forty-four subjects in Gubbio area (Biscina, Belvedere and Scritto; 21 males, 23 females; age 56.2+/-14.4 y) were evaluated in 1993 and 1994. METHODS: For dietary appraisal the individual weighed record method was used for 7, 3 or 2 days. Equivalent food composites were made up from local foodstuffs and the duplicate portions were chemically analysed for total nitrogen, fat, saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, carbohydrates, retinol, beta-carotene, thiamin and riboflavin. RESULTS: In Crevalcore, a significant difference for protein intake was found between analysis and calculation with EIO database in 1965 and 1991 (P<0.05). Fat intake was significant different for EIO database compared to analysis in 1965 survey (P<0.05), but not for other years. In Montegiorgio, there was a significant difference for protein intake between analysis and calculation with EIO database in 1970 and 1991 (both P<0.001). EIO database showed a significant difference in regard to analysis for fat intake in 1960 IV, 1965, 1970 and 1991 (P<0.05). In both areas there was a significant difference between analysis and EIO database for starch and fibre, but not for polyunsaturated fatty acids and soluble carbohydrates (all P<0.05). In Gubbio area, a significant difference was found between analysis and calculation with EIO database for fat, retinol, beta-carotene and riboflavin intakes (all P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: According to previous and present studies food composition tables and databases, such as the EIO database, cannot be considered a reliable method to determine nutrient intakes, particularly for some vitamins.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Nutritional status of a group of institutionalized elderly people in Perugia (Italy).

In this group of institutionalized elderly people the anthropometry and body composition situation is much better than that observed in a noninstitutionalized group examined longitudinally on a previous occasion. On the other hand, as expected, indices of physical activity are lower. The diet is in general satisfactory, considering the very low physical activity of those individuals. Only a few foods and nutrients show marginal low intakes (fish, eggs and legumes; lipids, iron, thiamin and vitamin A).

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Production of vitamins, coenzymes and related biochemicals by biotechnological processes.

Vitamins and related biofactors belong to those few chemicals with a direct positive appeal to people. There is indeed a large need for extra vitamins, other than those derived from plant and animal food sources, due to unbalanced food habits or processing, food shortage or disease. Added vitamins are now either prepared chemically or biotechnologically via fermentation or bioconversion processes. Several vitamins and related biofactors are now only or mainly produced chemically (vitamin A, cholecalciferol (D3), tocopherol (E), vitamin K2, thiamine (B1), niacin (PP or B3), pantothenic acid (B5), pyridoxine (B6), biotin (H or B8), folic acid (B9) or via extraction processes (beta-carotene or provitamin A, provitamin D3, tocopherol, vitamin F-group). However, for several of these compounds microbiological or algal methods also exist or are rapidly emerging. Others are produced practically exclusively via fermentation (ergosterol or provitamin D2, riboflavin (B2), cyanocobalamin (B12), orotic acid (B13), vitamin F-group, ATP, nucleosides, coenzymes, etc. or via microalgal culture (beta-carotene, E, F). Both chemical and microbial processes are run industrially for vitamin B2 while vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is produced via a combination of chemical reactions and fermentation processes. A survey is given here of the current state of vitamin production, with emphasis on developments and strategies for improved biotechnological production and its significance, as compared to existing chemical processes. The screening or construction of vitamin hyperproducing microbial strains is a difficult task; pathway elucidation and metabolic (de)regulation need further study; r-DNA technology has only recently been introduced; improved fermentation processes and immobilised biocatalysts bioconversions for the synthesis of chiral vitamin compounds or intermediates or derivatives are gaining importance; the recovery and purification of these vitamin compounds from their fermentation broths remains equally complex.

Biotechnology↗
PubMed2000

Smoking characteristics, antioxidant vitamins, and carotid artery wall thickness among life-long smokers.

We studied the associations between the common carotid-intima-media thickness (IMT), as a marker of atherosclerosis, and smoking characteristics and antioxidant vitamins among 158 male life-long cardiovascular disease (CVD)-free smokers. An "increased" carotid IMT was defined as the upper 25%. The prevalence of increased IMT was 2.5 times (odds ratio (OR) = 2.5; 95% CI: 1.1, 5.6) higher among smokers inhaling smoke deeply into the lungs than among moderate and non-inhalers. This association decreased when adjusted for other CVD risk factors. Smokers with an increased carotid IMT did not differ significantly in mean antioxidant vitamin intake and status with the remaining group. However, classical CVD risk factors contributed importantly to increased carotid IMT. In our study, depth of inhalation was the only smoking characteristic associated with carotid IMT although attenuated after adjustment for traditional risk factors for CVD. Furthermore, in these life-long smokers not using any vitamin supplements, no associations were found for antioxidant vitamins.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Inhibitory effects of beta-carotene on preneoplastic lesions induced in Wistar rats by the resistant hepatocyte model.

The inhibitory effects of beta-carotene (BC) on preneoplastic lesions induced in male Wistar rats by the resistant hepatocyte model was investigated. Rats were divided into six groups. Initiation was performed in all animals by a single injection of diethylnitrosamine. During the selection/promotion period five doses of 2-acetylaminofluorene were administered to the rats and a partial hepatectomy was performed. To three different groups BC was given by gavage throughout the experiment, before the initiation or during the selection/promotion period respectively. Three other groups served as controls and received corn oil instead of the carotenoid. At the end of the study (8 weeks), BC administration throughout the experiment reduced the incidence (P less than 0.005), multiplicity as well as the total number and size of hepatocyte nodules. Furthermore, it significantly decreased the number of foci per cm2 (P less than 0.05), the average focal area (P less than 0.01) and the percentage of liver parenchyma occupied (P less than 0.01). Similar results were observed when BC was given only before the initiation. However, the administration of the carotenoid during the selection/promotion period did not result in significant decreases of these parameters. These results suggest that the inhibitory effects of BC are primarily exerted on the initiation phase of the hepatocarcinogenic process. Nevertheless, continuous long-term exposure to the carotenoid would confer a greater degree of protection. In addition, by means of an analysis of correlation a positive relationship was found between the number of hepatocyte nodules and the hepatic concentration of BC. In contrast, an inverse relationship was observed between the number of nodules and the hepatic concentration of total vitamin A.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Availability to chicks of biotin from dried egg products.

Two feeding experiments were conducted with duplicate groups of five chicks each to study the availability of biotin in spray-dried egg products. In the first experiment chicks that were fed diets containing 43% dried whole egg (DWE) grew poorly and developed perosis and dermatitis. The signs were prevented and growth improved progressively with supplementation of 0.5 and 1.0 mg biotin/kg diet. In the second experiment dried egg yolk (DEY) and dried egg white (DEW) were compared with DWE at equivalent levels of egg components. Signs of biotin deficiency and reduced growth were slightly more severe with DEW than with DWE, although liver biotin content was slightly lower at 0 and 0.5 mg biotin/kg with DWE than with DEW. Growth with DEY and no added biotin was not different from that with DEY and 500 or 1000 mg biotin/kg diet, although liver biotin was lower than when supplemental biotin was added. Liver fat was approximately five times greater in the groups receiving DWE and DEY than in the groups receiving DEW. The results show that the biotin contained in egg yolk is inadequate to counteract the deficiency of biotin caused by the avidin in egg white so that unheated dried whole egg is deficient in this vitamin.

Animals↗
PubMed1950

Vitamin ABC's.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Vitamin A↗
PubMed2000

Effects of vitamin E supplementation on F(2)-isoprostane and thromboxane biosynthesis in healthy cigarette smokers.

BACKGROUND: Increased formation of 8-iso-prostaglandin (PG) F(2alpha) and thromboxane (TX) A(2), potent agonists of platelet and vascular thromboxane (TH)/PGH(2) receptors, has been detected in cigarette smokers. We performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the effects of vitamin E (300, 600, and 1200 mg/d, each dose for 3 consecutive weeks) on 8-iso-PGF(2alpha) and TXA(2) biosynthesis in 46 moderate cigarette smokers. METHODS AND RESULTS: Urinary immunoreactive 8-iso-PGF(2alpha) and 11-dehydro-TXB(2), plasma vitamin E, and serum TXB(2) were measured by previously validated techniques. Baseline urinary 8-iso-PGF(2alpha) and 11-dehydro-TXB(2) excretion averaged 241+/-78 and 430+/-293 pg/mg creatinine, respectively. Urinary 8-iso-PGF(2alpha) was significantly correlated with 11-dehydro-TXB(2) (r=0.360, n=138, P<0.0001). Baseline plasma vitamin E levels averaged 20.6+/-4.9 micromol/L and were inversely correlated with urinary 11-dehydro-TXB(2) (r=-0.304, P=0.039) but not with 8-iso-PGF(2alpha) (r=-0.227, P=0.129). Vitamin E supplementation caused a dose-dependent increase in its plasma levels that reached a plateau at 600 mg (42.3+/-11.2 micromol/L, P<0. 001). This was not associated with any statistically significant change in urinary 8-iso-PGF(2alpha) or 11-dehydro-TXB(2) excretion. CONCLUSIONS: Supplementation with pharmacological doses of vitamin E has no detectable effects on lipid peroxidation and thromboxane biosynthesis in vivo in healthy subjects with a mild degree of oxidant stress. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the basal rate of lipid peroxidation is a major determinant of the response to vitamin E supplementation and have implications for the use of vitamin E in healthy subjects as well as for the design and interpretation of clinical trials of antioxidant intervention.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Vitamin requirements of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum.

The effect of eight water-soluble vitamins on germination, germ-tube extension, growth, and sporulation of Fusarium oxysporum Schl. f.sp. vasinfectum (Atk.) Snyder and Hansen, was studied. Each vitamin was utilized in eight different concentrations. The fungus responded favourably to all of the utilized vitamins in almost all the concentrations where germination, growth, and sporulation were substantially greater than the controls. Among the vitamins used, the fungus appeared to be highly sensitive to thiamine and pyridoxine, moderately sensitive to inositol and pantothenate, and least affected by folic acid.

Agar↗
PubMed2004

Growth and EGFR regulation in breast cancer cells by vitamin D and retinoid compounds.

The effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3), analog C (1,25-(OH)(2)-16-en-23-yn-26,27-F(6)-vitamin D(3)), 9-cis retinoic acid, and all-trans retinoic acid on the growth and expression of EGFR in MCF7, T47D, BT474, and BT549 breast cancer cells was examined. Significant growth inhibition was noted in MCF7, T47D, and BT474 cells by 8 days of treatment, while BT549 cells showed none. MCF7, T47D, and BT549 cells treated with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) demonstrated a 50% decrease in EGFR mRNA within 2 h which was sustained to 72 h, while BT474 cells demonstrated a 200-500% increase. EGFR protein levels correlated with these mRNA changes in BT474 and BT549 cells. Measurement of mRNA stability in vitamin D treated BT474 cells indicated that there was no change in EGFR mRNA half-life. Transfection of an EGFR promoter containing reporter plasmid demonstrated vitamin D induced changes in reporter gene activity that paralleled the changes observed in EGFR mRNA and protein. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays using a putative vitamin D response element within this region of the EGFR promoter demonstrated specific VDR binding. These results indicate that the vitamin D effect on EGFR expression in breast cancer cells has a transcriptional component likely mediated through a vitamin D responsive promoter sequence. They also suggest that growth inhibition and EGFR down-regulation by vitamin D and retinoids may be related events in some breast cancer cells, but not in all.

Breast Neoplasms↗