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PubMed2006

Smallpox vaccination site complications.

The typical resolution of the smallpox vaccination site is a smooth scar, a sequela that is discussed during prevaccination counseling. In addition, other types of lesion may develop at the scar site, including short- or long-term benign and malignant changes, as reviewed below. Although current recommendations do not discuss potential scar complications or scar surveillance, healthcare providers would benefit from an awareness of these potential complications, and should consider periodic scar surveillance as part of a general physical examination.

Cicatrix↗
PubMed1987

[Contraindications and complications in vaccinations].

By immunizations many infectious diseases and their associated severe complications can be prevented. The high importance of vaccinations must be emphasized by the paediatricians. But it is also very important to know the contraindications and especially the rare complications and also adverse reactions following some immunizations e.g. against pertussis, tuberculosis, measles, rubella, diphtheria, tetanus and polio, which must be carefully investigated. The contraindications to immunizations must be paid attention, but they should not be dramatized. Slight adverse reactions following some immunizations some hours or days later may not be considered as complications (e.g. some children develop fever, become restless or have a broken sleep in the following night; reddening at the place of injection, a transitory exanthem and others). Incomplete knowledges and informations in side of some physicians must be removed by permanent graduate medical education.

Bacterial Vaccines↗
PubMed2003

Encephalitis complicating smallpox vaccination.

A smallpox vaccination program has been initiated. The vaccine is a live virus that was used in the last century. Postvaccinal encephalitis is a complication of this vaccine. The clinical presentation, course, neuroimaging findings, and spinal fluid abnormalities are similar to a disorder that physicians are familiar with, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. This complication can be prevented with the administration of antivaccinia gamma globulin at the time of vaccination. Antivaccinia gamma globulin is not efficacious once this complication occurs. Intravenous methylprednisolone is the recommended therapy, although intravenous immunoglobulin and plasmapheresis should be investigated in the treatment of postvaccinal encephalitis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[BCG-vaccination and its complications. How great are the benefits of vaccination today?].

This paper intends to present an overview concerning the risks and benefits of BCG-immunisation basing on a research of the actual literature. The historical controversy is well known, but regarding the epidemiological situation with respect to morbidity and mortality of tuberculosis in Middle and Western Europe by now it seems to be necessary again to reflect on vaccination recommendations. While complications after vaccination may be serious or even life-threatening, immunization with BCG seems to have a beneficial effect on the incidence of infantile leukemia. Nevertheless, this effect is discussed controversially on recent research. In addition there should be drawn special attention to the problem of life-vaccines, in particular of BCG under the view of the increasing number of children with acquired immunodeficiencies.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1992

[Neurologic complications after vaccination against diphtheria, tetanus and whooping cough].

The authors analyze the character and prognosis of neurological complications after immunization against diphtheria, tetanus and whooping cough (ADTP vaccine) in children free from neurological disease in the case-history (n = 91) and in children with neurological disease in the case-history (n = 9). In both groups the most frequent type of complications were encephalopathies and febrile attacks as a consequence of metabolic and toxic changes following vaccination. Persisting neurological disorders had in both investigated groups in the majority the character of epilepsy.

Child↗
PubMed1993

Complications of BCG vaccinations in rural Haiti.

This study investigated an outbreak of axillary lymphadenitis and abscesses after Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccination among rural Haitian children treated at the Hospital Albert Schweitzer from January 1986 through March 1991. Seventy-seven cases of vaccine-related complications were identified, all among children immunized before the age of 1 year. The proportions of children with complications were 0.017% for 1986 through 1989, 0.91% for 1990, and 2.2% for January through March 1991.

Abscess↗
PubMed2006

Delay of chemotherapy to prevent progressive vaccinia.

OBJECTIVE: The goal was to discuss the potential risk of progressive vaccinia in the setting of smallpox vaccination with immunosuppression and to present strategies to avoid progressive vaccinia. METHODS: A case report and literature review are presented. RESULTS: A 21-year-old, male, military member received smallpox vaccination and was coincidentally diagnosed as having osteosarcoma approximately 2 weeks later. His recent vaccination was recognized, and chemotherapy was subsequently delayed until separation of the scab at the vaccination site. The patient received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and fared well, without any evidence of progressive vaccinia or other smallpox vaccine complications. CONCLUSIONS: Smallpox vaccine should be withheld from immunocompromised patients because of the risk of progressive vaccinia. Conversely, immunosuppressive therapies should be delayed for recently vaccinated patients. There are no controlled trials in this area, but withholding immunosuppressive therapy until separation of the scab is a rational approach. This patient was exposed to chemotherapy after scab separation and did not develop progressive vaccinia.

Adult↗