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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Case report: treatment of dental asymmetry.

The treatment of dental asymmetries often comprises several treatment alternatives. This case report describes the treatment alternatives for an asymmetry generated secondary to surgical removal of an odontoma that included the germ of the lower left lateral incisor. The opening of the space was chosen based on the patient's wish. The asymmetrical biomechanical force system used for the correction of the midline is presented as free-body diagram.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Distal molar movement using the pendulum appliance. Part 2: The effects of maxillary molar root uprighting bends.

A clinical study was recently undertaken to evaluate the dental and skeletal effects of the pendulum appliance (PA). In the present study, the appliance was modified by incorporating an uprighting bend into the distalizing spring during the second phase of treatment to avoid excessive distal tipping of the maxillary molars. The sample consisted of 20 patients: 8 females and 12 males, mean age 13.11 +/- 1.10 years. Eight of the patients were subjected to a slow rate of maxillary expansion. Measurements were obtained from cephalometric headfilms prior to (T1) and the day of removal (T2) of the PA. Treatment changes were analyzed and compared with the previous study. The PA with uprighting bends led to reduced molar tipping without significantly changing the effects of the PA, with the exceptions of 0.62 mm more anchorage loss of the maxillary incisor edge and increased treatment time. There was no significant difference in anchorage loss between the patients with and without maxillary expansion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Transmigrant mandibular canines: a record of 28 cases and a retrospective review of the literature.

The transmigrant mandibular canine is a rare phenomenon. Most authors have described singular cases of unilateral or bilateral occurrence; however, a few authors have published more cases. This paper describes 28 cases exhibiting transmigratory canines. The observations are compared with observations from 39 earlier reports. Women are affected more than men. The left canine undergoes transmigration more commonly than does the right canine. Transmigration and impaction appear to be more common. Most of the patients do not have any symptoms, and these canines are often discovered at the radiological examination before orthodontic treatment. The etiology is obscure; however, abnormal displacement of the tooth bud in embryonic life is a commonly accepted explanation. Prolonged retention of the deciduous canine is a good clinical sign for a thorough radiological examination, preferably including an orthopantomographic radiograph. This would help in preventive measures. However, once established, a transmigrated canine requires surgical extraction. If possible, and if space is available and the patient is willing, all orthodontic efforts should be made to restore the normal position of this functionally very useful tooth in the human dentition.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Cephalometric comparison of maxillary second molar extraction and nonextraction treatments in patients with Class II malocclusions.

This retrospective cephalometric study compared the nature of the skeletodental correction of maxillary second-molar extraction and nonextraction treatments in correcting Class II malocclusions. The sample comprised 50 Class II, deep-bite, low-angle adolescents; half were treated with maxillary second-molar extraction and half were treated without extraction. Pretreatment and posttreatment lateral cephalograms were analyzed. Analysis relied primarily on the method of Lysle Johnston that evaluates sagittal changes in the teeth and supporting bones relative to the functional occlusal plane. All 18 cephalometric variables examined were statistically equivalent between the 2 groups at the start of treatment. In contrast, several skeletodental treatment changes differed significantly. The maxillary second-molar extraction group exhibited distal movement of the maxillary first molar (1.2 mm vs 0.0 mm), and there was greater flaring of the mandibular incisors in the nonextraction group (9.1 degrees vs 3.5 degrees ). The upper incisor root was torqued lingually in both groups, but there was more anterior crown movement in the nonextraction group (2.0 mm vs 0.0 mm). Also, the extraction group finished active treatment 7 months sooner on average. Sagittal molar correction in the maxillary second-molar group was a result of distalizing in the maxillary arch, whereas anchorage was expended in the mandibular arch to correct the malocclusion in the nonextraction group. In properly selected Class II malocclusions, maxillary second-molar extraction is a viable alternative treatment choice.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Analysis of lateral tooth movement during forced orthodontic eruption.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Forced eruption is a prosthodontic procedure that enables the treatment of otherwise problematic restorative conditions. During the vertical orthodontic movement, the root may be moved laterally, affecting the position of a tooth in the arch. PURPOSE: This study quantified the degree of lateral movement possible during the eruptive procedure and addressed the significance of this movement from a theoretical and clinical standpoint. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A patient treatment, which demonstrated the movement in a single direction on the buccolingual axis, was isolated. On the basis of this theoretical model, a clinically relevant model was developed: A "worst-case" situation for each posterior tooth was calculated, from which clinical conclusions may be derived. RESULTS: . In a given extrusion angle of 30 degrees, a lateral movement/shift of 0.58 mm resulted per 1 mm of eruption distance. The lateral movement for every millimeter of eruption and the maximum extrusion angle for each of the maxillary and mandibular posterior teeth were calculated. CONCLUSION: The lateral movement that accompanies the forced eruption procedure may compromise or be used to esthetically enhance prosthodontic treatment.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed1991

Tooth displacement analysed on human autopsy material by means of a strain gauge technique.

Tooth displacement was analysed on human autopsy material for various types of orthodontic force systems using an electronic strain gauge technique. Tooth movements were registered in two dimensions with low force clip gauges on three sections of the mandible, containing the first premolar and the first molar. The sensitivity was 0.1 microns when horizontal forces of 50, 100, and 150 cN were applied at different horizontal levels producing different M/F ratios. The relationship between a force system and the resulting tooth movement was described by the position of the centre of rotation, CR, and the angle of rotation. The centre of resistance was determined for the three autopsy specimens, and depended on tooth geometry, root length, and level of bony margin. Important differences in location were found. The dynamics of initial tooth movement were analysed within the first minute of load application. Force/displacement curves were generated to evaluate the behaviour of the periodontal ligament. There was a linear correlation between the two variables. Freezing the autopsy material some days before testing had no detectable effect. The results from measurements on human autopsy material were compared with previously derived in vivo measurements.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Agenesis of mandibular second premolars. Spontaneous space closure after extraction therapy: a 4-year follow-up.

The aim of this study was to investigate the space closure and occlusal changes in 11 subjects (mean age 11.8 years) with normal occlusion and agenesis of the mandibular second premolar, after extraction of the mandibular secondary primary molar and the maxillary second premolar on the side of the agenesis. The treatment started when the first premolars came into occlusion and the subjects were followed for 4 years. Dental casts were taken at the start of treatment and after 1, 2 and 4 years, and lateral cephalograms were taken at the start of treatment and after 2 and 4 years. Space closure, sagittal movements, rotational movements, and tipping of the first molars and first premolars and dental midline shift were measured on photographs of dental casts. Sagittal movement of the incisors was measured on lateral cephalograms. The results showed that most of the extraction space closed during the first year (55 per cent in the maxilla, 46 per cent in the mandible) and at the end of the follow-up period 89 per cent of the extraction space closed in the maxilla and 80 per cent in the mandible, leaving a mean residual extraction space of 0.9 and 2 mm respectively. In the maxilla, 70 per cent of the extraction space closed by mesial and rotational movements of the first molars. Maxillary premolars moved distally, rotated and tipped only during the first year of observation. In the mandible, the space closure occurred by mesial/rotational movements and tipping of first molars and distal movement and tipping of the first premolars. Unilateral extraction had no influence on the maxillary midline while it caused a statistically significant mandibular dental shift to the extraction side. Extraction therapy had no impact on the overjet, overbite or incisor inclination.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Mesio-marginal findings at tilted molars. A histological-histomorphometric study.

The aim of this study was to investigate the mesio-marginal findings at tilted molars (TM) by means of histological-histomorphometric evaluation. Eight lateral tooth bone segments with TM (six mandibular, two maxillary) from males aged 20-32 years were compared with those of eight samples with non-tilted molars (NTM) in males aged 18-35 years. In comparison with the NTM samples, the TM revealed a higher amount of supra- and subgingival plaque, a significantly higher total number of inflammatory cells (P < 0.05) and blood vessels (P < 0.05) in the connective tissue adjacent to the junctional epithelium, and a lower density and corono-apical width of gingival fibres. No significant differences (P > 0.05) were found between the mesio-marginal bone level of the TM (mean: 978 microns) and that of the NTM (mean: 1222 microns). In contrast, indications were found that TM may affect the disto-marginal bone level of the mesial tooth.

Adolescent↗