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PubMed1982

Tooth eruption and browridge formation.

One of the most reasonable hypotheses regarding the functional significance of the browridge is that the supraorbital torus forms in response to masticatory stress during development. Oyen, Walker, and Rice (1979) have recently proposed a model that tests this hypothesis: if browridges are functionally related to masticatory stresses on the cranial vault, then changes in the biomechanics of the masticatory system ought to be reflected by changes in the browridge. To test their model they attempted to relate biomechanical discontinuities resulting from tooth eruption to episodes of bone deposition on the supraorbital tori of a developmental series of dry Papio crania. This paper reports on a parallel test of the model on a cross-sectional sample of Australian Aboriginal juvenile crania. This sample showed no relation between tooth eruption and the supraorbital surface morphology thought to be indicative of active bone deposition. It is also demonstrated that no significant relationship between tooth eruption and episodes of bone deposition is shown by the Papio sample. It is concluded that the use of small cross-sectional samples of dry crania does not provide a valid test of the model.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) on expression of c-fos in rat mandibular molars: implications for tooth eruption.

The c-fos gene is expressed in the dental follicle of the first mandibular molar of rats. Molecules that accelerate tooth eruption, epidermal growth factor (EGF) and colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1), enhance the expression of the c-fos gene in vitro in both a time- and concentration-dependent manner. In vivo, EGF enhances c-fos expression in the follicle from day 0-7 postnatally, but by day 9 the follicle is refractory to this stimulus. Immunostaining reveals that the c-fos gene is translated in the cultured dental follicle cells, with staining seen in the nucleus and the perinuclear region of the cytoplasm. In vivo, immunostaining for c-fos is prominent in the dental follicle early postnatally, with little or no staining seen in the stellate reticulum and dental pulp. By day 10 postnatally, staining for c-fos is greatly reduced in the dental follicle. Thus, the presence of c-fos early postnatally in the tissue required for eruption, the dental follicle, as well as the enhancement of c-fos gene expression in the follicle by EGF or CSF-1, suggests that c-fos plays a role in tooth eruption. That role may be either to promote differentiation of mononuclear cells into osteoclasts needed for eruption or to recruit the mononuclear cells into the follicle.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Gene expression of potential tooth eruption molecules in the dental follicle of the mouse.

Tooth eruption requires alveolar bone resorption and the presence of the dental follicle, a loose connective tissue sac that surrounds each tooth. This bone resorption involves the follicle in that mononuclear cells enter the follicle to form osteoclasts which resorb bone to form the eruption pathway. In the rat first mandibular molar, probable eruption genes, CSF-1, c-fos, NFkappaB and MCP-1, are expressed maximally in the dental follicle at day 3 postnatally. This correlates with the time of peak influx of mononuclear cells into the follicle. In the mouse, the first peak influx of mononuclear cells into the first mandibular molar is at day 5 postnatally, and this study demonstrates that all four of the above resorption molecules are maximally expressed at this time in the dental follicle. Thus, this work suggests that these molecules may play a role in the cellular events of eruption (mononuclear cell influx and osteoclast formation) in the mouse molar at day 5 postnatally just as they do at day 3 in the rat molar. These results provide a standard for future studies on eruption in the mouse molar and extends the number of species in which putative eruption molecules are expressed at a critical time of eruption.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Expression of MMP-8 and MMP-13 mRNAs in rat periodontium during tooth eruption.

The present study was designed to investigate mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) and MMP-13 in forming periodontium during tooth eruption in the rat. RT-PCR for the decalcified paraffin sections indicated expression of MMP-8 and MMP-13 in the periodontal tissues. In situ hydridization demonstrated expression of MMP-8 in osteoblasts, osteocytes, periodontal ligament cells, cementoblasts, and cementocytes along with collagen types I and III. In contrast, transcripts of MMP-13 were confined to a small population of osteoblasts and osteocytes in alveolar bone. The results suggested that MMP-8 may be involved in remodeling the periodontium during tooth eruption, and its expression may be coordinated with that of collagen types I and III, whereas the participation of MMP-13 may be rather limited.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed2000

Chronology, dynamics and period of permanent tooth eruption in Zagreb children (Part II).

The aim of the present paper is to determine the beginning, order, median time, termination, dynamics, continuity and intensity of the permanent tooth eruption, as well as its calendar, in a sample of Zagreb children. The study included 2768 children (1398 boys and 1370 girls). All subjects were classified in one-year age groups. The continuity of tooth eruption occurs from 5.1 years to 14.97 years, i.e., for a period of 9.87 years. Each particular tooth has its own dynamics of eruption (V5-V95) which on the average amounts to 4.25 years. The continuity of eruption is 10.1 years in boys and 9.8 years in girls. The dynamics of eruption is 4.15 years in boys and 4.35 years in girls. A certain asymmetry in eruption has been described.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Primary failure of tooth eruption: a unique case.

Primary failure of tooth eruption rarely occurs. This case represents a rare clinical situation and appears to reflect a generalized disturbance in the eruptive process, inasmuch as (1) deciduous and permanent dentition are affected, (2) incisors, molars, and premolars are involved in all quadrants, (3) skeletal and craniofacial growth are within normal limits, and (4) no systemic/genetic anomalies were detected. This is the first such case reported in the literature; diagnosis and management are discussed.

Child↗
PubMed1995

Protease activity in the mouse dental follicle during tooth eruption.

Eruption results in the movement of the tooth from an intraosseous to a functional position in the mouth. This physiological movement occurs through a path of least resistance and is mediated by the dental follicle. In this study the presence of a 80-kDa proteinase of the gelatinase family in the dental follicle of mandibular first molars obtained from CD-1 mouse neonates was investigated by zymography on sodium dodecyl sulphate-gelatin. The results showed a differential distribution of this proteinase in the coronal and apical parts of the follicle at postnatal days 9 and 11. The findings suggest that the onset of this differential enzymatic activity is concomitant with the initiation of tooth eruption.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Does epidermal growth factor control tooth eruption?

Despite active research for more than several decades the factors responsible for tooth eruption have remained obscure. For a tooth to emerge in the oral cavity, to reach occlusion, and to continue eruption in adulthood, many changes in the tooth and its surrounding tissues occur; these changes must be synchronized. Epidermal growth factor appears to be involved in the eruptive process.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Deciduous tooth eruption in children who fail to gain weight.

In order to investigate the usefulness of the number of erupted deciduous teeth (NET) as a growth parameter, we studied deciduous tooth eruption (DTE) in 46 infants between the ages of 6 and 30 months, who failed to gain weight. The cause of the failure to thrive was intrauterine growth retardation in 17 children, and undetermined in 29. In these babies, height and head circumference were significantly below the mean as well. However, NET was almost unchanged when compared to NET of Israeli children of the same age. These findings support the view that DTE is an independent process, unrelated to other anthropometric measurements. Thus, NET may not be used as a clinical parameter of physical development.

Body Height↗
PubMed1992

Localization of epidermal growth factor and its receptor in mandibular molars of the rat prior to and during prefunctional tooth eruption.

Immunoperoxidase localization of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) itself was examined in rat first and second mandibular molars postnatally from day 0 to 12. The results showed that the dental follicle stained heavily for EGFR from day 0 to 8, declined in staining at day 9, and was devoid of stain from day 10 onward. Preosteoblasts and osteoblasts of alveolar bone also stained and lesser staining of ameloblasts and odontoblasts was observed. Except for staining of occasional isolated cells, the stellate reticulum did not stain. Light staining of the dental pulp of the first mandibular molar was seen from day 0 onward but the pulp of the second molar did not stain until approximately day 6. With respect to EGF, the dental follicle also stained for it until day 12. The ameloblasts stained more intensely for EGF than for EGFR. Because injections of EGF cause premature eruption of teeth and because the presence of a dental follicle is necessary for eruption, this study suggests that EGF could have its effect on the follicle as seen by the presence of EGFR receptors on the follicle. Moreover, because EGF exerts its effects early (day 0-3) to cause eruption and because the influx of monocytes into the follicle to form osteoclasts for bone resorption for eruption occurs early, the heavy staining for EGFR in the follicle early followed by the absence of staining at day 10 correlates chronologically with the key molecular and cellular events of eruption. Finally, the presence of EGF in the follicle, as well as enamel organ, could provide an endogenous source of EGF to regulate tooth eruption, either by an autocrine or a paracrine effect. Thus, the localization of EGFR and EGF in the dental follicle coupled with the chronology of localization suggests that EGF could play a physiological role in tooth eruption.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Tooth eruption into the newly generated bone induced by recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to observe tooth eruption pattern into the newly generated bone induced by recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). METHOD: Three 12-week-old beagle dogs were used. Following wound healing of the extracted maxillary third deciduous incisor at the age of 13 weeks, a resection of maxillary alveolar bone (8 mm by 8 mm by 8 mm) was carried out, accompanied by extraction of the maxillary second incisor tooth germ. The rhBMP-2 (5 microgram/100 microL or 10 microgram/100 microL) was implanted in the resected area. A group that was not implanted after resection and a nonresected group were used as controls. Serial changes of the eruption pattern of the maxillary third incisor in the implanted area were observed radiographically. Oxytetracycline and calcein were employed as bone markers. Nine weeks after the implantation, the animals were sacrificed. The samples were observed histologically and analyzed using peripheral quantitative computerized tomography to acquire the bone mineral density (BMD). RESULTS: In the rhBMP-2 (5 microgram/100 microL)-treated group, histological findings and the BMD of the newly generated bone were almost same as in the nonresected group. The maxillary third incisor erupted through the implanted area. However, in the rhBMP-2 (10 microgram/100 microL)-treated group, more osteoinductive activity and significantly higher BMD were observed in the newly generated bone. The maxillary third incisor erupted mesially so as to avoid this implanted area. CONCLUSION: Results showed that bone remodeling and tooth eruption through the newly generated bone appear to be dose dependent. Accordingly, proper dosage of rhBMP-2 should be determined for successful clinical application.

Absorbable Implants↗
PubMed2003

[Time of tooth eruption in children born preterm in the arid climatic zone].

Dental examinations were carried out in 2768 preschool children in the city of Tashkent. 407 (14.7%) of these children were born preterm. The time of tooth eruption was evaluated from analysis of 295 case histories and 112 infants were observed from the age of 3 months till 2 years. The terms of decidual teeth eruption in preterm children are different in comparison with children born after full-term gestation and depend on the baby's maturity by birth. Diseases of the first months of life have a negative impact on the time of tooth eruption.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed2000

Craniofacial morphology, dental occlusion, tooth eruption, and dental maturity in boys of short stature with or without growth hormone deficiency.

The aim of this project was to study the craniofacial morphology, dental occlusion, dental maturation and tooth eruption in short-statured boys with growth hormone secretion ranging from low to high. The measurements from lateral and posteroanterior cephalograms, orthopantomograms and plaster models were used. Almost all linear measurements of the facial structures were significantly smaller. A disproportionate growth in the cranial base structures as well as in the jaws resulted in facial retrognathia, a proportionately smaller posterior than anterior facial height, and a steep vertical inclination of the mandible. Dental crowding was more common and the overbite was small. Dental maturity and tooth eruption were delayed 1.2 and 1.3 yr, respectively. No significant differences between the idiopathic short-statured and the growth hormone-deficient group in any of the above-mentioned variables were found. It can be concluded that although most of the cephalometric variables measured differed significantly from the average, the facial appearance of the boys is not conspicuous and is of minor clinical importance. However, the short-statured boys might be in greater need of orthodontic treatment due to the higher percentage of dental crowding.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Impairment of tooth eruption. Pathogenetic aspects.

The genetically determined impairment of tooth eruption in 4 generations is analysed on the basis of an examination of 1 family, and the variability of the characteristic "tooth infraposition" is described. Starting with a 72-year-old female patient with 1 unerupted incisor, infrapositions of primary and permanent teeth in the descendants were diagnosed. We assume hereditary susceptibility resulting from a multifactorial genetic system to be the cause.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Epidermal growth factor and epidermal growth factor-receptor expression in the mouse dental follicle during tooth eruption.

When the role of exogenous epidermal growth factor (EGF) during tooth eruption was first demonstrated it was strongly suggested that EGF was a natural regulator of eruption. Recent immunohistochemical studies have shown that EGF and EGF-receptors are localized in the dental follicle, alveolar bone and ameloblasts before and during the prefunctional stage of eruption. Localization of mRNA for EGF has also been successfully attempted in mouse incisors and molars. The purpose now was to study the temporal expression of EGF and EGF-receptor genes in the coronal aspect of the dental follicle. First molars from 2-, 5-, 9- and 11-day-old CD-1 mouse neonates were incubated in 1% trypsin for 1.5 h at 4 degrees C. Follicles were carefully separated from the coronal aspect of the molar and processed for RNA extraction. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was performed on each mRNA sample. EGF expression was detected at day 2, 5 and 9 in the coronal aspect of the follicle whereas EGF-receptor expression was found at day 9 only. These findings strongly suggest that cells of the dental follicle are the target of EGF at a specific stage of their development and therefore may have a very important role during eruption.

Actins↗