Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Textual analysis”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[The "Tractatus de balneis Germaniae" by Caspar Schober (around 1530). On the status of early balneology in Germany between mineral source analysis and corresponding reports].

Caspar Schober, an Austrian physician of the early 16th century, wrote a treatise concerning the most famous German spas. In this treatise he describes a method to analyse the hot springs in Gastein to know their therapeutic effects. With this description he is one of the first scientific authors in Germany dealing with the modern analysis of hot springs used by the Italian balneologists; in fact he is writing in the same textual paradigm as Menghus Blanchellus in his "Consilium de balneo Villae'. The second part of his treatise about the spas of Baden near Vienna, Markgrafenbad, Wiesbaden, Aachen, Wildbad in the Black Forest, Pfäfers and Baden in Switzerland depends on a hitherto unknown latin redaction of the "Tractatus de balneis naturalibus' of Felix Hemmerli, probably written by the Munich physician Johannes Hartlieb.

Austria↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The clinical application of the nursing process in selected acute care settings: a professional mirage.

The nursing process is the problem solving framework purported to be used in a multiplicity of health care settings. Although its use is widespread in educational and clinical settings, some nurse clinicians display negative attitudes towards its use and state that it is incongruent with nursing practice. To date, there has been no study cited that has examined it use within clinical settings to determine the substance of these claims. Using grounded theory methodology, this study examined the clinical application of the nursing process in acute care hospital settings. Data were obtained from semi-structured interviews with predominantly nurse clinicians (n = 27), participant field observations of nurse clinicians, and in-depth audits of patient records. Textual data were managed using NUD-IST and analysed using constant comparative method. Data generation and analysis proceeded simultaneously using open coding, theoretical coding, and selective coding techniques until saturation was achieved. Nurses in this study experienced the basic social problem of being in a state of "Unknowing" that was linked to a number of factors, such as, the existence of a fragmented and inconsistent method of determining and communicating patient care and work conditions of immense change and uncertainty. The findings revealed several problems with the clinical application of the nursing process and illustrated that the espoused theory was unable to be clinically applied.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1995

Free text analysis.

In the context of hospital information systems (HIS) medical free text analysis is reviewed with respect to current automated approaches to literature retrieval, case retrieval and fact retrieval from textual data in the patient record. The Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) project has enormously stimulated current research. It is expected that UMLS knowledge sources and SNOMED III (which need a translation into other languages as soon as possible) as well as the conceptual graphs formalism, could become standards to utilize free text information contained in HIS databases.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1994

The telephone interview as a data collection method.

The interview is one of the most frequently used methods of collecting qualitative data. This paper offers a description of how the telephone interview may be used to collect data in both qualitative and quantitative studies. It offers a description of how to plan and use the telephone as a means of collecting data and justifies the use of this method. The paper also describes and illustrates how textual data that arises from the use of telephone interviews may be analysed by computer. Two approaches to analysis are outlined: (1) simple drawing together of responses to questions and (2) the searching for categories within the data and the organisation of text within those categories. The paper identifies limitations of the approach to data collection and points to further reading on the topic.

Humans↗
PubMed2000

Measurement of cognitive performance in computer programming concept acquisition: interactive effects of visual metaphors and the cognitive style construct.

An innovative research program was devised to investigate the interactive effect of instructional strategies enhanced with text-plus-textual metaphors or text-plus-graphical metaphors, and cognitive style on the acquisition of programming concepts. The Cognitive Styles Analysis (CSA) program (Riding,1991) was used to establish the participants' cognitive style. The QUEST Interactive Test Analysis System (Adams and Khoo,1996) provided the cognitive performance measuring tool, which ensured an absence of error measurement in the programming knowledge testing instruments. Therefore, reliability of the instrumentation was assured through the calibration techniques utilized by the QUEST estimate; providing predictability of the research design. A means analysis of the QUEST data, using the Cohen (1977) approach to size effect and statistical power further quantified the significance of the findings. The experimental methodology adopted for this research links the disciplines of instructional science, cognitive psychology, and objective measurement to provide reliable mechanisms for beneficial use in the evaluation of cognitive performance by the education, training and development sectors. Furthermore, the research outcomes will be of interest to educators, cognitive psychologists, communications engineers, and computer scientists specializing in computer-human interactions.

Aptitude Tests↗
PubMed1995

FOLD: integrated analysis and display of protein secondary structure.

FOLD, a computer program for the definition and analysis of protein secondary structure, is described. Algorithms implemented in the software are reviewed. These include methods for the identification of simple features such as hydrogen bonds, alpha helices, beta strands, beta bulges, and beta and psi turns. Techniques are also described for the definition and analysis of higher-order structures, such as beta hairpins, beta sheets and their topology, and beta barrels. In addition to considerable textual output the program supports visualization of protein secondary structure in either an atom-based display style or one reproducing the characteristics of a so-called ribbon drawing.

Computer Graphics↗
PubMed1999

MedMiner: an Internet text-mining tool for biomedical information, with application to gene expression profiling.

The trend toward high-throughput techniques in molecular biology and the explosion of online scientific data threaten to overwhelm the ability of researchers to take full advantage of available information. This problem is particularly severe in the rapidly expanding area of gene expression experiments, for example, those carried out with cDNA microarrays or oligonucleotide chips. We present an Internet-based hypertext program, MedMiner, which filters and organizes large amounts of textual and structured information returned from public search engines like GeneCards and PubMed. We demonstrate the value of the approach for the analysis of gene expression data, but MedMiner can also be extended to other areas involving molecular genetic or pharmacological information. More generally still, MedMiner can be used to organize the information returned from any arbitrary PubMed search.

Databases, Factual↗
PubMed2003

Psychosocial themes in durable employment transitions.

Loss of work capacity through illness or injury may result in loss of employment. The transition to durable employment with those reduced capacities poses many challenges. This paper is based on phenomenological research into the experiences of 13 people who had a disabling injury or chronic illness. These participants lost their capacity for their former employment. After a period of time, extending up to 14 years, the participants successfully changed employment in the open labor market, and retained their current employment for 13 weeks or longer. Data from in excess of 30 hours of in-depth semi-structured individual interviews and a focus group were transcribed and analyzed inductively. Analysis was aided by immersion in the data, reflections on entries in a researcher's log, and a computer program for analyzing textual data. Eleven psychosocial themes emerged. These themes were: pain, intense emotions, determination, financial concerns, role models, concealment, assistance, control, self-concept, satisfaction with employment, and personal change. Each theme is presented with representative text from participants and implications for work rehabilitation professionals. Further research to identify the extent of transferability of the findings is recommended.

Career Mobility↗
PubMed1994

Textual prompts as an antecedent cue self-management strategy for persons with mild disabilities.

Providing learners written task analyses to be used as textual prompts was examined as a self-management strategy for persons with mild disabilities. Initially, modeling, corrective verbal feedback, and contingent descriptive praise were employed to train participants to use the written task analysis to perform one home maintenance task. Subsequently, participants were tested on their use of different task analyses combined with general feedback to perform two novel home maintenance tasks. No training was provided on how to use these new task analyses. Either a multiple baseline or a multiple probe across settings experimental design was used to control extraneous variables. Results indicated that the written task analyses served as self-administered textual prompts and, along with general feedback, provided stimulus control for the second and third tasks. When the self-management task analyses and general feedback were withdrawn, transfer of stimulus control occurred to the natural discriminative stimuli for the majority of tasks. The research suggests that written task analyses, as presented in the present study, may have utility for the self-management of instruction by persons with mild disabilities.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

On-line information sources on chemical substances.

Information technology has brought about changes in the work patterns of researchers and scientists. After some hints on the on-line facilities needed to be connected to the international host computers, an analysis is made of some of the main automated sources available to retrieve information on chemical substances. Special emphasis is given to textual-numeric data banks, first reviewing the main chemical dictionaries, like Registry and Chemline, and then focusing on those sources that offer immediate information in case of emergency. Among the Toxnet files, produced and managed within the US National Library of Medicine Toxicology Information Program, play a very important role in offering publicly available data on toxicology and on hazardous chemicals. Therefore, the Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB) and the Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS) are described for their relevance thereon. Other data banks produced in Europe, like the Environmental Chemicals Data Information Network (ECDIN) and the very specialized Major Hazard Incident Data Service (MHIDAS) are also briefly outlined. To integrate this overview on online information, the attention is then shifted on sources having the characteristic of reference databases: prestigious files covering the international scientific literature, as CA/Chemabs, Toxline/Toxlit, Embase, Medline are introduced. Implications of on-line technology in enhancing information access in the next future are discussed, pointing out the new tools created to meet the information needs of end-users.

Databases, Bibliographic↗
PubMed2001

The benefits of Skinner's analysis of verbal behavior for children with autism.

Behavior analysis has already contributed substantially to the treatment of children with autism, and further gains can result from more use of Skinner's analysis of language in Verbal Behavior (1957) and in the resulting conceptual and experimental work. The approach emphasizes a unit of analysis consisting of the relations between behavior, motivative and discriminative variables, and consequences. Skinner identifies seven types of verbal operants--echoic, mand, tact, intraverbal, textual, transcriptive, and copying a text--which function as components of more advanced forms of language. This approach focuses on the development of each verbal operant (rather than on words and their meanings) and on the independent training of speaker and listener repertoires. Five more specific contributions are described that relate to the importance of (a) an effective language assessment, (b) mand training in early intervention, (c) establishing operations, (d) an intraverbal repertoire, and (e) automatic reinforcement.

Autistic Disorder↗
PubMed1990

Proposed standard for image cytometry data files.

A number of different types of computers running a variety of operating systems are presently used for the collection and analysis of image cytometry data. In order to facilitate the development of sharable data analysis programs, to allow for the transport of image cytometry data from one installation to another, and to provide a uniform and controlled means for including textual information in data files, this document describes a data storage format that is proposed as a standard for use in image cytometry. In this standard, data from an image measurement are stored in a minimum of two files. One file is written in ASCII to include information about the way the image data are written and optionally, information about the sample, experiment, equipment, etc. The image data are written separately into a binary file. This standard is proposed with the intention that it will be used internationally for the storage and handling of biomedical image cytometry data. The method of data storage described in this paper is similar to those methods published in American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) Report Number 10 and in ACR-NEMA Standards Publication Number 300-1985.

Electronic Data Processing↗
PubMed1996

TongueTwister: an integrated program for analyzing lickometer data.

The analysis of lickometer data is often rendered prohibitively tedious by the large volume of data generated by the typical experiment. TongueTwister is an integrated program for the rapid and automatic analysis, presentation, and summary of long- and medium-access data collected by lickometers or of brief-access data collected by multi-bottle lickometers such as the DiLog Instruments MS80. The program was written in C+2 for Macintosh computers, and analyzes data collected by MS-DOS PCs. It takes advantage of the Macintosh user interface to provide quick and convenient output from all the files of a single experimental session, and to export the data to third-party statistical software or other documents. It can batch-process data files by automatically opening and analyzing all the files in a directory; thus, the user can employ directories as a simple database for organizing experimental groups. When a lickometer data file is opened, a textual summary, a raster plot of the lick pattern, the cumulative licks, the lick rate, a histogram of inter-lick intervals, and a breakdown of the session by fractions are automatically calculated and displayed. When an MS80 brief-access file is opened, the lick pattern for each tube presentation and a textual summary of the mean values derived for each tube are automatically displayed. If a directory of files is opened, the mean values derived across all the individual files are calculated and graphed. Analysis parameters can be tailored to the investigator's liking. Tables or graphs can be saved to disk, or copied and pasted into other Macintosh programs for additional analysis. The program may also be used for general-purpose analysis of periodic event records.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pictorial illustrations enhance memory for sentences in younger and older adults.

In these studies, the authors examined the effects of verbal and pictorial illustrations on younger and older adults' recall of the content of short sentences. During acquisition, base and elaborated sentences were presented under one of three encoding conditions: (a) sentences only; (b) sentences with matching pictures; (c) incomplete sentences with matching pictures. At test, participants recalled the main action of the sentences. Base sentences were recalled more often than elaborated sentences when strict scoring criteria were used. However, older adults showed a recall advantage for elaborated sentences compared to base sentences when lenient scoring criteria were applied. Positive effects of pictorial illustrations occurred for both age groups. Implications for the design of instructional formats to improve older adults' retention of textual material are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Use of the QSR.NUD.IST computer program to identify how clinical midwife mentors view their work.

This paper looks at the use of a computer program (QSR.NUD.IST) to analyse qualitative data. The data are derived from interviews with clinical midwife mentors as part of an evaluation of a midwifery educational programme. An account is given of the content analysis of the data with reference to the literature, and then the way the programme was used to analyse the data a second time. A description is given of the way this programme in particular functions using the textual data as an example. The use of computers in general for analysing qualitative data is discussed in terms of their advantages and disadvantages. The results of the study are described briefly showing how the mentors view their role and responsibilities.

Data Interpretation, Statistical↗
PubMed1994

Quantitative audit of the content of histopathology reports.

An audit of histopathology reports presents the problem that the output is textual and difficult to quantify. This makes the definition of an adequate report subjective and susceptible to observer variation. A procedure has been developed which allows the quantitative analysis of reports and facilitates the development of local reporting guidelines. A topic is selected; the auditor then lists the possible details that may be included in the report and notes how many reports from a sample include each detail. The results are discussed at a departmental meeting with the aim of agreeing on reporting guidelines. At a later date another sample of reports can be analysed for compliance with the guidelines and compared with the previous reports. Problems with compliance can be discussed further and at the audit meeting the guidelines may be amended appropriately, thus completing the audit cycle. This method of audit has the advantage that the results are quantitative and that the group discussion and re-examination of the guidelines has educational value.

Humans↗
PubMed1995

Effects of inconsistent pictures on remembering text.

An experiment was conducted to examine whether a consistent or an inconsistent picture would facilitate recall of text when recall was tested under two conditions involving a consistent or an inconsistent picture. Analyses indicated that recall in the inconsistent-picture condition was better than that in the consistent-picture condition for missing sentences but not for complete sentences of text. This result suggests that an inconsistent picture may facilitate processing of textual information more elaborately than do consistent pictures.

Adult↗