Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Target Population”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Prevalence of infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in a target population in the Republic of Djibouti].

The Prophylaxis Center of the Republic of Djibouti reports a prevalence investigation about AIDS seropositivity from January to May 1991 at risk people: the "street" prostitutes and "bar" prostitutes in Djibouti town. This serological investigation confirmed by WESTERN-BLOT technique shows the quick-growing of AIDS seropositivity in Djibouti.

Blotting, Western↗
PubMed1990

Changing patterns of asthma mortality. Identifying target populations at high risk.

Studies have suggested increases in hospitalization for asthma and in asthma mortality during the early 1980s. Using US Vital Records, we examined asthma mortality from 1968 through 1987 to describe the rates of change among children and young adults (aged 5 to 34 years) with time and in small geographic areas. During the 1970s, US asthma mortality declined by 7.8% per annum (+/- 1.0%), declining faster among women and nonwhites. During the 1980s, mortality increased by 6.2% per annum (+/- 1.2%), increasing faster among those aged 5 to 14 years than among those aged 15 to 34 years. Small-area geographic analysis revealed four areas with persistently high asthma mortality. Neither changes in International Classification of Diseases coding nor improved recognition of asthma, as demonstrated by trends in autopsy rates or rates of in-hospital deaths, seems to explain the increasing mortality of the 1980s.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Regulation of in vitro cytotoxic T lymphocyte generation. III. Interactions or regulatory T cell subsets in suppressor and target populations.

During allogeneic mixed leukocyte cultures (MLC), cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and at least two kinds of suppressor T lymphocyte (Ts) functions are induced. One Ts, termed nonspecific (TsN), can suppress the in vitro generation of CTL when it is transferred to any allogeneic MLC. The other Ts has specificity for MLC in which stimulator cells are homologous at the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) with stimulator cells used to induce the Ts (TsS). Previously, we have shown that addition of a 10(-4)M concentration of the histamine1 antagonist pyrilamine to the MLC strongly influences the kind of T cell function generated. That is, the generation of CTL and TsN are inhibited while the induction of TsS is not. CTL precursors are activated (CTL-PA) in such cultures, as witnessed by their differentiating in such cultures, as witnessed by their differentiating into CTL effectors upon removal of pyrilamine and transfer to a salubrious environment (e.g., any fresh MLC). This second step in the differentiation of CTL can be prevented by exposure of pyrilamine-treated MLC derived cells to greater than or equal to 500 rads gamma irradiation. Therefore, by using these combined in vitro manipulations, under the proper experimental conditions, it is possible to study TsS in the absence of both TsN and CTL. In the present studies we have used antibodies to the cell surface alloantigens Lyt 1, Lyt 2 and TL/Qa-1 to ask whether TsN and TsS also can be separated by virtue of their having different cell surface phenotypes. In addition, we have explored for the existence of interactions between subsets of T cells in the suppression of CTL generation, and whether these interactions (circuits) are akin to those previously demonstrated to be important in the regulation of B cell responses to antigen. Since CTL generation likely is important in the host defense against viruses and other pathogens, neoplasms, and transplants of foreign tissues, a firm understanding of regulatory interactions modifying this response is important. Our experimental approach has involved a technique found to be successful in the dissection of T cell regulation of B cell responses, i.e., negative selection with alloantigen-specific antibodies and complement (C'). We have found that immune Lyt 1+2+ (Ly 123) T lymphocytes are strongly involved in MLC-induced nonspecific suppression, but are not required for the expression of specific suppression. Rather, both immune Lyt 1+2- (Ly 1) and Lyt 1-2+ (Ly 2) T lymphocytes appear to be involved in optimal TsS function.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mass mammography screening: using an information system to track participation and identify target populations.

This article describes the 1991 American Cancer Society Greater Tampa Bay Breast Screening Program and an information system developed to track participants from the point of inquiry to mammography results. Information from three sources was linked to create a comprehensive data base, including participant demographics, mammography history, perceived risks of breast cancer, barriers to mammography, and mammography results. This comprehensive data base allowed investigators to describe the 11,134 participants and to assess the program's impact. The analysis suggested that women older than 65 years are underrepresented in this voluntary program. Black women were less likely to participate, as were women in lower income and education groups. To reduce mortality effectively, leaders of mass screening programs need to develop creative strategies for reaching these high-risk groups. Effective information systems can identify program weaknesses and track the impact of changes.

Adult↗