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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Efficacy, safety, and dose-response characteristics of glipizide gastrointestinal therapeutic system on glycemic control and insulin secretion in NIDDM. Results of two multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials. The Glipizide Gastrointestinal Therapeutic System Study Group.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy, safety, and dose-response characteristics of an extended-release preparation of glipizide using the gastrointestinal therapeutic system (GITS) on plasma glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and insulin secretion to a liquid-mixed meal in NIDDM patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Two prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical trials were performed in 22 sites and 347 patients with NIDDM (aged 59 +/- 0.6 years; BMI, 29 +/- 0.3 kg/m2; known diabetes duration, 8 +/- 0.4 years) were studied. Each clinical trial had a duration of 16 weeks with a 1-week washout, 3-week single-blind placebo phase, 4-week titration to a fixed dose, and 8-week maintenance phase at the assigned dose. In the first trial, once-daily doses of 5, 20, 40, or 60 mg glipizide GITS were compared with placebo in 143 patients. In the second trial, doses of 5, 10, 15, or 20 mg of glipizide GITS were compared with placebo in 204 patients. HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), insulin, C-peptide, and glipizide levels were determined at regular intervals throughout the study. Postprandial plasma glucose (PPG), insulin, and C-peptide also were determined at 1 and 2 h after a mixed meal (Sustacal). RESULTS: All doses of glipizide GITS in both trials produced significant reductions from placebo in FPG (range -57 to -74 mg/dl) and HbA1c (range -1.50 to -1.82%). Pharmacodynamic analysis indicated a significant relationship between plasma glipizide concentration and reduction in FPG and HbA1c over a dose range of 5-60 mg, with maximal efficacy achieved at a dose of 20 mg for FPG and at 5 mg for HbA1c. PPG levels were significantly lower, and both postprandial insulin and C-peptide levels significantly higher in patients treated with glipizide GITS compared with placebo. The percent reduction in FPG was comparable across patients with diverse demographic and clinical characteristics, including those with entry FPG > or = 250 mg/dl, resulting in greater absolute decreases in FPG and HbA1c in patients with the most severe hyperglycemia. Despite the forced titration to a randomly assigned dose, only 11 patients in both studies discontinued therapy because of hypoglycemia. Glipizide GITS did not alter lipids levels or produce weight gain. CONCLUSIONS: The once-daily glipizide GITS 1) lowered HbA1c, FPG, and PPG over a dose range of 5-60 mg, 2) was maximally effective at 5 mg (using HbA1c) or 20 mg (using FPG) based on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic relationships, 3) maintained its effectiveness in poorly controlled patients (those with entry FPG > or = 250 mg/dl), 4) was safe and well tolerated in a wide variety of patients with NIDDM, and 5) did not produce weight gain or adversely affect lipids.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Therapeutic techniques vs therapeutic relationships in child behavior therapy.

The parents of 56 children who had received behavior therapy rated a number of variables, including the degree to which they viewed the therapeutic relationship versus the specific techniques used in treatment as important, the extent to which the child improved in therapy, and the child's present functioning. Therapists also provided ratings of clinical improvement. Even though parents gave the highest ratings for the importance of the relationship in therapy, the correlation between technique and clinical outcome was statistically significant while the correlations between the relationship and outcome was not. These statistical associations also held when therapists rated improvement. Also, therapists saw greater improvement in children than did the parents. Over-all, the results support the view that the relationship and techniques are interwoven and are both perceived as important factors in treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Clinico-microbiological assessment of therapeutic antifungal drugs therapeutic activity in patients with atopic dermatitis sensitized to yeast fungi].

AIM: To study of therapeutic activity of local (natamycine) and systemic (fluconasol) antifungal drugs in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) with mycogenic sensitization and candida carriage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 29 patients with severe AD and diagnosed contamination of the skin lesions with yeast fungi have received antifungal treatment with fungicidal drugs in low-dose long-term course. RESULTS: The drugs were effective in 83% of patients: poor effect was in 28%, moderate--in 21% and good--in 34% of cases. 5 (17%) patients did not respond. Mild, moderate and severe AD responded in 87, 36 and 60% of patients, respectively. The highest response was registered in patients without sensitization to yeast fungi (78%) or low sensitization (83%). In high sensitization the effect occurred in 57% of the cases. CONCLUSION: The authors have developed indications for treatment with antifungal drugs in AD patients with mycogenic sensitization.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The therapeutic action of the low-water bulk of therapeutic sea mud].

Clinical and laboratory investigations were carried out in 404 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 205 with osteoarthrosis deformans, treated either with low-water curative sea mud mass, native sea mud or with combined mud and radon-bath treatment. It was found that reducing the water content of Haapsalu sea mud did not essentially influence the therapeutic effect, in consequence of which the low water curative sea mud mass may be successfully used in the treatment and rehabilitation of various patients.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1984

[Changes in fibronectin concentration during therapeutic plasmapheresis. Therapeutic effectiveness of selective removal of fibronectin in immune complex pathology].

Variation in the concentration of plasma fibronectin (FN) seen during 65 sessions of therapeutic plasmapheresis was studied in 20 inpatients with the following diagnoses: acute leukemias (4), paraproteinemic hemoblastoses (5), Sjögren's syndrome (2), protracted septic endocarditis (1), systemic lupus erythematosus (17), acute polyradiculoneuritis (1), multiple sclerosis (3). The patients' age ranged within 19 to 64 years. There were 10 men and 10 women. The concentration of FN in 218 plasma samples was measured by the ELISA. It was discovered that plasma of healthy donors contained 200 to 400 micrograms/ml FN (M +/- 1.5 sigma). Prior to plasmapheresis the glycoprotein content in all the patients was on the average within normal (300 micrograms/ml). After the session the concentration of FN decreased almost two-fold (130 micrograms/ml); after 6 hours it was 175 micrograms/ml on the average, whereas after 24-48 hours it reached the initial level. Repeated plasmapheresis sessions carried out once every 3-4 days did not lead to the depletion of the FN pool, since its level reached the initial one over the first 24-48 hours. Such a mechanism was unchanged regardless of the initial level of FN recorded in the patients blood (high, normal or low). No relationship was found between FN deficiency which developed after plasmapheresis and infectious complications. It is assumed that FN deficiency per se cannot be responsible for the patients' decreased resistance to infection. Three patients received a series of selective plasmapheresis. Sjögren's syndrome and immune complex vasculitis was diagnosed in one female patient, hemorrhagic vasculitis due to chronic hepatitis in another female patient, the third female patient manifested gammapathy with cryoglobulinemia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Experimental studies on the optimal therapeutic mode of intra-arterial infusion of 5-fluorouracil. (1) Preparation of an animal model for continuous intra-arterial infusion and comparison of the therapeutic and adverse effects of 5-fluorouracil delivered by various modes].

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is one of the most popular anticancer drugs, especially in treatment of for adenocarcinoma; however, an optimal therapeutic schedule of 5-FU is not determined even now. An animal model for continuous intraarterial infusion in rats was constructed using retrograde cannulation to aorta via right femoral artery in order to study the intraarterial and systemic effects of 5-FU on Yoshida sarcoma implanted in left fore limb and hind limb subcutaneously. By implanting Yoshida sarcoma in fore and hind limb and cannulating and infusing aorta, the regional and systemic antitumor effects could be compared in the same animal. Antitumor effect and toxicity after intraarterial 5-FU administration was studied at various infusion time and doses. The results revealed that intraarterial infusion of 5-FU was more effective than its systemic administration from view points of the antitumor effect. The antitumor effect after one shot intraarterial injection of 5-FU was ar superior to that after continuous infusion of 5-FU. However, toxicity after one shot injection was much more severe than continuous infusion. Consequently, the desirable administration schedule of 5-FU appears to be an intraarterial infusion as short time as possible within tolerable toxicity.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Comparative study of the therapeutic activity of glutamic acid phthalimide and the therapeutic activity of triamcinolone in the treatment of Hansen's reaction of Virchowian Leprosy].

A study was made in twenty inpatients of the "Hospital das Clínicas" of the "Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo" in order to compare the short-term activities of the Brazilian made imidphtalic glutamic acid and of the triancinolone in the therapy of the hansenic reaction of the Virchowian hanseniasis (in the erythema nodosum and in the erythema multiform syndromes as well). In this research it was observed that the therapeutic activities of both drugs present a perfect and undeniable equivalence and that their use have reduced the period of hospitalization to 8,3 days per each patient.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1981

[Prophylactic and therapeutic intermittent positive pressure breathing with combined therapeutic aerosols (IPPB/I)--functional and morphological effects. I. Functional effects of prophylactic IPPB/I (author's transl)].

Intermittent positive pressure breathing combined with therapeutic aerosol inhalation (IPPB/I) was applied to improve the preoperative respiratory function and to prevent postoperative pulmonary complications in patients with carcinoma. No significant improvement in ventilation, arterial PO2, and load-carrying could be shown after prophylactical application of IPPB/I for 7 days. A distinct decrease of arterial PO2 was seen immediately after IPPB/I. Further investigations are necessary to improve the method.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Prophylactic and therapeutic actions of supplemental beta-carotene in mice inoculated with C3HBA adenocarcinoma cells: lack of therapeutic action of supplemental ascorbic acid.

Decreased tumor incidence, increased latent period, and increased survival time were observed in C3H/HeJ mice fed supplemental beta-carotene for 3 days and then inoculated with 10(4) C3HBA (syngeneic) tumor cells. In addition, C3H/HeJ, C3H/He, and CBA/J mice, fed supplemental beta-carotene beginning immediately after they were inoculated with 2 X 10(5) C3HBA tumor cells, showed decreased tumor growth and increased survival time. When beta-carotene was fed to mice in which palpable tumors were already present, it similarly slowed tumor growth and extended animal survival time. Ascorbic acid supplementation (5 g/kg diet), introduced into the experiment as a possible synergist for beta-carotene's antitumor action, was without therapeutic action when tested in the presence or absence of beta-carotene supplements. The basal diet, a standard commercial mouse chow, contains more vitamin A than the National Research Council's recommended dietary allowance for normal rodents and supports normal growth, reproduction, and longevity of normal mice. The work reported here is the first demonstration of the antitumor action of beta-carotene in animals with a transplanted tumor.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Therapeutic computing: teaching therapeutic communications utilizing a videodisc.

Effective communication skills for nurses are essential and serve as the interface between patients and health care providers. Yet, teaching communication skills is subject to only limited success. Results vary according to the mix of students, the talent and interest of the instructor, and the availability of teaching time for the topic. The nursing program at Indiana University Kokomo is addressing the needs of nursing students with a multimedia computer system. A videodisc on therapeutic communication was purchased to supply the desired video-based examples. The programming of the computer interface was done by a senior information systems department major. Student attitudes measured after using the system the first year were very good.

Attitude↗
PubMed1993

[Therapeutic plasmapheresis to treat postoperative hepatic failure clinical course and therapeutic outcome in Japan].

The most serious hepatic complication after surgical procedure is postoperative hepatic failure. There is no therapy for this condition except plasma exchange. Precise clinical definition of postoperative hepatic failure was discussed based on a questionnaire distributed by the association in 1989, and in 1991 by the working group. Giving special consideration to the use of therapeutic plasmapheresis, the clinical definition of postoperative hepatic failure was established as hepatic injury after surgery, without obstructive causative factors, laboratory values for total bilirubin over 5mg/dl with continuous elevation, and hepaplastin activity under 40%. Key factors in determining initiation, efficacy, and cessation of plasmapheresis were coma grade (II-III), total bilirubin levels, and the activities of coagulation tests. The majority of underlying diseases were hepato-biliary in nature. The causative factors of hepatic injuries were massive bleeding and infection. The morbidity was estimated at 600 to 3000 cases/year. The frequency of plasma exchange was one session every/1.4-1.6 days. The volume of exchanged fresh frozen plasma was about 3292 ml/a session. Nafamostat mesilate was used as an anticoagulant. The survival rate was 14% to 40%. Earlier initiation of plasma exchange is indicated.

Benzamidines↗
PubMed1993

[Changes and progress in the treatment of TTP--protocols of therapeutic plasma infusion and plasma exchange--therapeutic results by the Japanese and Canadian Study Groups].

Plasma exchange (PE) and plasma infusion (PI) are effective in the treatment of TTP (thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura). Comparison of PE and PI in the treatment of TTP was carried out by the Canadian Apheresis Study Group, which reported that PE was superior to PI. The Japanese TTP Study Group made a therapeutic protocol in which a smaller volume of Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) was used in the treatment with PI. The efficacy of PE and PI was similar. The results suggest that the volume of FFP necessary for effective treatment is not very large.

Blood Component Transfusion↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The successful use of hyperstimulated washed therapeutic donor insemination after standard therapeutic donor insemination has failed.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether an aggressive therapeutic donor insemination regimen (stimulated folliculogenesis and ovulation plus intrauterine insemination) can produce a better fecundability rate than a more traditional insemination regimen (non-stimulated folliculogenesis plus LH-timed intracervical insemination) in women who have failed to become pregnant during an initial series of six traditional insemination cycles. DESIGN: A retrospective comparison of fecundability rates was undertaken between women undergoing the traditional insemination protocol and those who voluntarily switched to ovarian hyperstimulation coupled with intrauterine insemination. PARTICIPANTS: Eight-two women who failed to become pregnant during an initial series of six intracervical insemination cycles. RESULTS: Fecundability was 5.6% in cycles of continued urinary LH-timed intracervical insemination and 19.4% when the more aggressive regimen was applied. The difference in fecundability between protocols was significant (P < .005). CONCLUSION: After an initial series of donor inseminations has failed, a more aggressive insemination regimen involving ovarian hyperstimulation followed by washed intrauterine insemination provides a higher fecundability rate than continued intracervical insemination.

Adult↗