Reduced pH associated with mixture of povidone-iodine and compound tincture of benzoin.
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Drug Incompatibility↗
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How to take a graft as well as Earl C. Padgett.
A simple added step utilizing a commonly available adhesive is offered to facilitate taking skin grafts and to improve donor site deformities when using the Padgett-type drum dermatome.
Humans↗
Another update for Canadian dentists regarding chlorhexidine varnish therapy for the prevention of dental caries.
Some of the reasons for my belief that CVT has been marketed prematurely have been described. They include the belief that the only really important outcome from the patients' and dentists' perspectives is proven reductions in dental caries. Associated with this is the need to recognize that, using such a criterion, the numbers of patients who may truly benefit from CVT in Canada are small--much smaller than those who promote the testing for and use of CVT appear to infer. Once proven clinically effective, the cost effectiveness of CVT for different patient groups must be demonstrated. I also think that studies to determine Cariescreen's accuracy in terms of predictive values for the "gold standard" plate counts of mutans streptococci should be undertaken. These results should then be given to dentists to help them in their decisions about using CVT in their practices, and if this decision is affirmative, in their discussions with patients for whom they decide CVT will be beneficial. Similarly, the effectiveness of the single application of CVT must be proven by a properly-designed study, since the current justification is inadequate for so important an issue. Finally, dentists should have been provided with all of this basic information before CVT was marketed in Canada.
Adolescent↗
Respiratory preparations.
Australian Family Physician is pleased to present a home course in extemporaneous prescribing, an interesting area that is poorly understood by many practitioners, especially recent graduates. Dr Bernard Kelly has been teaching this discipline to Family Medicine trainees in New South Wales for many years. A question is included at the end of each module.
Administration, Inhalation↗
Tincture of benzoin: clinical and microbiological implications of reusable containers.
At our institution, tincture of benzoin solution is commonly used as a topical adhesive agent. As a cost-saving practice, multiple-dose bottles are routinely used in the operating rooms and the clinic on multiple patients. Although clinically pathogenic organisms are known to be capable of survival in both benzoin and its isopropyl alcohol solvent, no prior controlled studies have investigated the potential for tincture of benzoin solution to support the growth of specific pathogens under clinically relevant conditions. In this study, multiple aerobic, anaerobic, and spore-forming bacteria were exposed to tincture of benzoin solution, as well as Candida albicans and Mycobacterium fortuitum. Bacillus cereus was the only index organism demonstrating a clear ability to survive a 15 minute incubation in tincture of benzoin, although 24 hours of exposure to tincture of benzoin resulted in no subsequent viable cultures of this organism after 72 hours of incubation. Thus although certain bacilli might, under ideal circumstances, remain viable and infectious within multiple-dose bottles of tincture of benzoin, the risk of causing iatrogenic infection appears to be rather minimal. Still, the use of multiple-dose dispensers of topical agents, particularly in surgical patients, should be carefully scrutinized for their clinical risk-to-economic benefit ratio.
Bacillus cereus↗
Mutans streptococci monitoring with Cariescreen: a component of dental examinations.
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Adolescent↗
Spicebush. A Cherokee remedy for the measles.
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History, 19th Century↗
Comparing treatment response and complications between podophyllin 0.5%/0.25% in ethanol vs podophyllin 25% in tincture benzoin for penile warts.
AIM: The aims of this study were to: 1) ascertain if podophyllin resin in 0.5% [PE(0.5%)] and 0.25% [PE(0.25%)] in ethanol (PE) self-applied sequentially for 3 days with 4 days break cycle is as effective as supervised podophyllin 25% in tincture benzoin (PB) applied in the clinic biweekly in treating penile warts and 2) ascertain if PE causes less skin irritation than PB. METHODS AND RESULTS: The clearance rate of penile warts was 36.4% (4/11) in PE (0.5%) treated group, 66.7% (4/6) in the PE (0.25%) treated group and 33.3% (6/18) for PB treated group after 1 week (ns). The wart clearance rate at 6 weeks for PE (0.5%) treated group, PE (0.25%) treated group and PB treated group were 81.8% (9/11), 100% (6/6) and 83.3% (15/17) respectively (ns). There were 47 individual warts on the penis of the 17 patients in the PE treated group and 58 individual warts on the penis of the 18 patients in the PB treated group. Based on the response of individual warts to the 2 treatment regimens, the clearance rate was 42.6% (20/47) for the PE treated group and 25% (15/56) for the PB treated group after 1 week treatment (ns). At 6 weeks follow-up, the clearance rate for the PE treated group and the PB treated group were 85.1% (40/47) and 73.2% (41/56) respectively (ns). Skin irritation including superficial erosions, pain and itch were observed in 47% (8/17) in patients treated with PE compared to 38.9% (7/18) in patients treated with PB (ns) during the 6 weeks follow-up period. The clearance rate of patients treated with PE (0.25%) was compared to those treated with PE (0.5%). Four out of six of PE (0.25%) treated patients had clearance of warts after 1 week and 100% clearance at the end of 6 weeks. None experienced any skin irritation. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that 0.5% podophyllin (and possibly 0.25% podophyllin) in ethanol is effective in eradicating penile warts. It can be used by patients for self-treatment at home with greater convenience and is more cost effective than the conventional podophyllin 25% in tincture benzoin paint.
Adult↗