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Results for “Social Perception”

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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Negative social perception of hypothetical workers with rheumatoid arthritis.

In the present study, 340 college subjects evaluated the job performance of hypothetical workers of varying health status, to test the hypothesis that workers with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are more negatively perceived than other workers (paraplegic, healthy) despite equivalence in age, sex, education, job history, and time off from work for medical reasons. Results indicated that workers with RA are perceived as having significantly poorer interpersonal job skills and are deserving of significantly poorer scores for overall job performance, although no differences were obtained in the ratings of their job commitment or job expertise. The suggestion is made that an unfavorable social reaction to RA patients in the workplace is one factor that impairs the development of social support for these patients at work and contributes to their inflated disability rate.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Social perception of biotechnology: a new tool for decision making].

The increase in critical opinions of scientific and technological development in advanced societies has led to the development of studies examining the links between science, technology and society. Among these studies are those on public perception, a particularly topical issue being the perception of biotechnology. There has been considerable European activity in this area of reflection and research, as evidenced by the wide range of initiatives at European Union and member state level. Some special instruments, such as the consensus conferences which began in Scandinavian countries, are now being applied in various EU countries. In Spain several public bodies and foundations are involved in a growing number of activities in this field. Biotechnology has become a particularly interesting research area for promoting new conditions for analysis of the social and economic repercussions of advances in science and technology. The study of the social perception of biotechnology is a crucial instrument for policy design and management and hence a methodological review is warranted.

Biotechnology↗
PubMed2006

Autism, the superior temporal sulcus and social perception.

The most common clinical sign of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is social interaction impairment, which is associated with communication deficits and stereotyped behaviors. Based on recent brain-imaging results, our hypothesis is that abnormalities in the superior temporal sulcus (STS) are highly implicated in ASD. STS abnormalities are characterized by decreased gray matter concentration, rest hypoperfusion and abnormal activation during social tasks. STS anatomical and functional anomalies occurring during early brain development could constitute the first step in the cascade of neural dysfunction underlying ASD. We will focus this review on the STS, which has been highly implicated in social cognition. We will review recent data on the contribution of the STS to normal social cognition and review brain-imaging data implicating this area in ASD. This review is part of the INMED/TINS special issue "Nature and nurture in brain development and neurological disorders", based on presentations at the annual INMED/TINS symposium (http://inmednet.com/).

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Social roles and social perception: individual differences in attribution and error.

In a replication of the social roles experiment by Ross, Amabile, and Steinmetz (1977), 103 male and female 14-year-olds viewed a brief videotape that showed a randomly assigned "questioner" asking general knowledge questions of a "contestant," who answered most of them incorrectly. Subjects subsequently manifested the role-based attribution error of attributing significantly more knowledge and ability to the arbitrarily designated questioner than to the arbitrarily designated contestant, and this effect was stronger among girls than boys. Personality data were available on the subjects for when they were in nursery school and again at age 14 in the form of independent Q-sort ratings. Personality correlates of the role effect were stronger among boys but manifested a basically similar pattern among girls and suggested that those most prone to make this attribution error, far from being disadvantaged in social judgment, tended to be more socially engaged and competent as well as emotionally well adjusted. The role effect was also positively associated with self-esteem. Personality correlates of attributional generosity and the tendency to attribute high ability to stimulus persons were associated with generally positive interpersonal qualities and attitudes. Results were interpreted in terms of usually appropriate heuristic social competencies that, in special circumstances, may sometimes underlie attribution errors. The general usefulness of examining individual differences in research on social cognition was noted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Social perception in schizophrenia: the role of context.

The purpose of this study was to examine social context processing in persons with schizophrenia. A secondary goal was to examine the ecological validity of these measures (i.e. how they relate to social behavior in the treatment setting). The performance of 35 persons with DSM-IV diagnosed schizophrenia and/or schizoaffective disorder was compared to a non-clinical control sample of 46 individuals on a battery of social perceptual tasks that require social context processing. In addition, the relationship between social context processing and ward behavior (as measured with the Nurse's Observation Scale for Inpatient Evaluation) was examined for the clinical sample only. The results showed that the group with schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder was impaired on all tasks relative to the control group and showed little evidence of utilizing available contextual information. Task performance for the group with schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder was relatively independent of symptoms, but was related to social functioning in the treatment setting. Implications for future research are discussed.

Acute Disease↗