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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Chromosome key to the larvae of the Simulium metallicum complex (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Latin America.

A key based on larval salivary gland polytene chromosome inversions is presented for 11 members (species A-K) of the Simulium metallicum Bellardi complex from Latin America. Most members (B, D, E, G, H, I, J, and K) can be distinguished from the cytological standard, sibling A, solely on the basis of fixed inversion differences. A suite of characters (sex-linked inversions as well as polymorphisms) must be examined to separate cytotypes C and F from A.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Larval instars and growth pattern of a univoltine black fly, Prosimulium kiotoense (Diptera: Simuliidae), in Kyushu, Japan.

Seven larval instars were detected for a natural population of Prosimulium kiotoense Shiraki in Kyushu, Japan, from the size frequency distribution of postgenal lengths. Growth in P. kiotoense larvae followed a geometric progression from first to sixth instars, but the size ratio between sixth and seventh instars was smaller than between other successive stadia. The linear relationship between the mean instar value and daily cumulative water temperature indicated that development between instars required 82.6 degree-days (DD). The accumulated temperature for larval development of this species was estimated to be 600 DD.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Mermithid (Nematoda: Mermithidae) parasitism of Simulium damnosum s.l. (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Sierra Leone and the need for vector control.

Females of Simulium damnosum Theobald s.l. were systematically collected at four sites in the Gorawa Chiefdom of Sierra Leone, West Africa, over a period of 15 mo from July 1986 to September 1987. The prevalence of mermithids infecting parous females varied from 0 to 7.9%, whereas the prevalence of mermithids in nulliparous females varied from 0 to 42.8%. The peak incidences of mermithid infection in nulliparous females occurred during the rainy season (15.2% in October 1986, 42.8% in August 1987). The high incidence of mermithids was associated with a high monthly biting rate, particularly during the month before the peak mermithid period (5,240 in September 1986, 4,878 in July 1987).

Animals↗
PubMed1991

ELISA for identification of blood meal source in black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae).

A modified ELISA, in which a biotinylated second antibody and a streptavidin-biotinylated peroxidase complex are used, has been developed to identify the blood meal sources of black flies. The modified assay is sensitive enough to identify correctly 100% of blood meals at 73 h postingestion and 80% of blood meals at 116 h postingestion in black flies held in the field at ambient temperatures.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Meteorological factors influencing host-seeking activity of female Simulium luggeri (Diptera: Simuliidae).

The influence of selected meteorological variables on host-seeking activity of parous and nulliparous female Simulium luggeri at cattle bait was studied in central Saskatchewan. Variability in the pattern of diurnal host-seeking probably was attributable to the secondary influence of meteorological parameters on endogenous rhythms that are primarily stimulated by illumination. Although some differences occurred, nulliparous and parous female S. luggeri activity was similarly influenced by the meteorological factors measured. The most important limiting factors were wind speeds greater than 15 km/h, followed by temperatures less than 20 degrees C. When values were outside of these thresholds, saturation deficit, cloud cover, barometric pressure, and illumination became influential. Parous S. luggeri appeared to be more tolerant of dry conditions than nulliparous individuals. Seasonal differences, site location (exposed versus protected), and varied interactions among environmental factors contributed to the inconsistent relationships among meteorological variables and black fly host-seeking activity.

Animals↗