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Results for “Sick Role”

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PubMed1978

Supplemental Security Income and the sick role.

Supplemental Security Income (SSI) has given the psychiatrically disabled a dependable source of income and helped make it possible for them to live outside state hospitals. The change to SSI has had an important effect on delabeling and decreasing the stigma of receiving Aid to the Disabled. However, the secondary gain inherent in SSI may interfere with social and vocational rehabilitation efforts. The authors present recommendations aimed at making the SSI system more conducive to social integration and rehabilitation.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Parsons revisited: from the sick role to...?

This article revisits Parsons' insights on medicine, health and illness in the light of contemporary debates in medical sociology and beyond. A preliminary balance sheet of the Parsonian legacy is first provided, taking on board standard accounts and criticisms of Parsons' work within medical sociology to date. The remainder of the article, in contrast, involves a close re-reading of Parsons in the light of contemporary sociological debates on the body, emotion, trust, uncertainty and health, including late modern and postmodern interpretations of his work. Parsons, it is concluded, despite his (many) critics and detractors, has much to contribute here, not simply in terms of past insights, but also with regard to the present and future.

Humans↗
PubMed1995

Do parents excuse the misbehavior of children with physical or emotional symptoms? An investigation of the pediatric sick role.

Assessed attributions and responses to descriptions of the misbehavior of children with symptoms of physical and emotional illnesses. Subjects (160 mothers; 160 fathers) read a vignette about a child in one of four illness conditions (medically explained pain with organic etiology; medically unexplained pain, depression, well) who was described as misbehaving at home and school. Within each illness condition, the child protagonist varied by age (8 vs. 16) and gender. A between-subjects design was used in which subjects made judgments regarding causes and responsibility for the child's misbehavior, affective reactions to the child, and the consequences that should be administered to the child. Results indicated that, in comparison to subjects' perceptions of the misbehavior of children in the other conditions, subjects viewed the misbehavior of children with medically explained pain as less intentional, more excusable, and due to causes that were less internal to the child. Subjects held children with medically explained pain less responsible for their misbehavior and indicated that they would respond to them with less anger, disappointment, blame, and punishment than to children in the other conditions. Subjects did not hold children with symptoms of depression and children with unexplained pain complaints less responsible for their misbehavior, but indicated that they would respond to them with less anger, disappointment, and punishment than to well children.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Modeling and reinforcement of the sick role during childhood predicts adult illness behavior.

Previous studies suggest that the ways in which parents respond to children's health complaints (reinforcement) and the ways in which they cope with their own illnesses (modeling) influence the frequency of symptoms, disability days, and health care visits made by these children when they grow up. However, previous studies have not controlled for the mediating influence of stress, neuroticism, and physical examination findings. This study investigated the influence of childhood social learning on adult illness behavior in 383 women aged 20 to 40 years. Illness behavior was measured prospectively for 12 months by the frequency of symptoms, disability days, and physician visits for menstrual, bowel, and cold (upper respiratory) symptoms. Childhood reinforcement and modeling was measured retrospectively by validated questionnaires. Other independent variables were stress, neuroticism, and selected demographic variables. Multiple regression analysis was used to assess the relative contribution of each independent variable to each category of illness behavior. The principal findings were as follows. First, childhood reinforcement of menstrual illness behavior significantly predicted adult menstrual symptoms and disability days, and childhood reinforcement of cold illness behavior significantly predicted adult cold symptoms and disability days. These effects were independent of stress and neuroticism. Second, childhood reinforcement scales were useful to predict which functional disorders (dysmenorrhea or irritable bowel syndrome) these subjects had even after we controlled for stress and neuroticism.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Sick role and psychoimmunologic parameters during the course of treatment--a quantitative single case analysis of urticaria].

This empirical study investigates defined influences and central tendencies within the process of an inpatient treatment in a case of urticaria. The results demonstrate substantial correlations between the course of treatment and endocrinological as well as immunological data. Objective biological parameter and psychodynamic case description complement and enrich each other.

Adult↗