Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Sda”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Sexually dimorphic cell groups in the medial preoptic area that are essential for male sex behavior and the neural pathways needed for their effects.

The research summarized here shows that the two major cell groups of the sexually dimorphic area (SDA) of the gerbil hypothalamus are essential for male sex behavior. Bilateral cell-body lesions of either the medial or lateral SDA virtually eliminate mating in sexually experienced male gerbils given exogenous testosterone. Similar deficits occur when the SDA is bilaterally disconnected from the retrorubral field (RRF) as a result of unilateral cell-body lesions in the SDA and contralateral RRF. The A8 cells of the RRF do not account for this effect. Bilaterally disconnecting the SDA from the caudomedial part of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (caudal BSTm) also eliminates sexual activity. Disconnecting the SDA from the medial amygdala does not mimic this effect. Neither does disconnecting the medial amygdala from the caudal BSTm. Thus, caudal BSTm neurons that are essential for mating via connections with the SDA do not simply relay information from the medial amygdala.

Amygdala↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Role of aldehyde dehydrogenase in the biological activity of spermine dialdehyde, a novel immunosuppressive/purging agent.

The antitumour and immunosuppressive activities of spermine dialdehyde (SDA), a synthetic, oxidized form of spermine, were examined using L1210 cell lines and murine bone marrow cells. SDA acted as a high affinity substrate for aldehyde dehydrogenase (ADH) derived from different sources, with kinetic profiles similar to other aldehyde substrates. The murine leukaemic, cyclophosphamide-resistant L1210/CPA cells, having high levels of intracellular ADH activity, were less sensitive to SDA compared to ADH deficient L1210/O cells as measured by [3H]-thymidine incorporation in proliferation studies. Furthermore, pretreatment of L1210/CPA cells with the ADH inhibitor, diethyl aminobenzaldehyde (DEAB), resulted in potentiation of the SDA response. Murine bone marrow cells were more resistant to SDA than splenic T cells. However, addition of DEAB to bone marrow cultures potentiated the sensitivity of progenitor cells to SDA, as measured by colony formation. The results indicate that levels of ADH in the target tissues would determine the potency of SDA and subsequently offer selectivity and specificity to the therapeutic potentials of this putative purging agent.

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase↗
PubMed2003

Variability and repeatability of the flexion axis at the ulnohumeral joint.

Previous investigations have implemented screw displacement axes (SDAs) to define the elbow flexion axis for proper positioning of dynamic external fixators and endoprostheses. However, results across studies vary, which may be attributed to forearm position (pronation-supination) during elbow motion, or the mode of loading (active/passive) employed to generate flexion. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the influence of the flexion mode employed and forearm position on individual variation and repeatability of SDAs throughout elbow flexion. With the forearm pronated, the location of the average SDA was similar whether elbow flexion was generated actively or passively. In contrast, with the forearm supinated, the average SDA was 2.4 degrees and 1.4 degrees more valgus (p<0.001) and internally rotated (p<0.001), respectively, and positioned 1.6 and 0.8 mm further proximally (p=0.002) and anteriorly (p=0.005) relative to the capitellum, respectively, during active compared to passive flexion. During active flexion, the location of the average SDA was independent of forearm position. Conversely, during passive flexion, the average SDA angle was 3.4 degrees and 1.0 degrees more valgus (p<0.001) and internally rotated (p=0.009), respectively, and 1.7 and 0.7 mm more proximal (p<0.001) and anterior (p=0.001) relative to the capitellum, respectively, with the forearm held pronated rather than supinated. SDAs calculated throughout flexion deviated from the average SDA in both orientation and position, demonstrating that elbow flexion behaves similar to a loose hinge joint. These factors suggest that to encompass the location of all SDAs throughout flexion, and therefore properly mimic normal elbow joint motion, an endoprosthesis should be modeled similar to a "loose" rather than "pure" hinge joint. This would allow for dependencies of SDA angulation on forearm position and muscle activation, and slight freedom of movement to account for variances in SDA location. These factors should also be considered during soft-tissue reconstructions.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Projection of the sexually dimorphic area of the gerbil hypothalamus to the retrorubral field is essential for male sexual behavior: role of A8 and other cells.

To determine if the sexually dimorphic area (SDA) of the gerbil hypothalamus affects male sexual behavior through its projections to the retrorubral field (RRF) or ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (PAGvl), these pathways were lesioned asymmetrically. Unilateral radio frequency lesions of the lateral SDA (ISDA), the major source of the pathways, impaired mating when combined with contralateral RRF, but not PAGvl, lesions. N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) lesions of the medial SDA, ISDA, and the area between them (the total pathway source) eliminated mating when combined with contralateral, but not ipsilateral, NMDA lesions of the RRF. To determine if A8 cells contributed to these effects, males received NMDA in the SDA and NMDA or 6-hydroxydopamine in the contralateral RRF. When combined with large SDA lesions, A8 lesions impaired but did not eliminate mating. Thus the SDA-RRF pathway, but not an SDA-A8 pathway, is essential for sexual behavior in male gerbils.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Hypothalamic knife cuts that disrupt mating in male gerbils sever efferents and forebrain afferents of the sexually dimorphic area.

The sexually dimorphic area (SDA) of the gerbil hypothalamus is essential for male sexual behavior. To determine (a) if the SDA can affect mating via laterally projecting axons and (b) which SDA afferents might affect mating, male gerbils were given bilateral, parasagittal knife cuts lateral to the medial or lateral SDA. Others were given cuts with a knife coated with horseradish peroxidase to label cells of which axons were cut. Medial cuts eliminated mating and consistently labeled cells in the medial SDA. Lateral cuts did neither. Medial cuts also labeled more cells in the ventral part of the lateral septal nucleus, the encapsulated part of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, the medial nucleus of the amygdala, the amygdalohippocampal area, and the ventral premammillary nucleus than lateral cuts did. Thus, medial cuts may disrupt mating by severing SDA efferents or by severing SDA afferents from 1 or more of these 5 sites.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1997

Dentists' attitudes to the shortened dental arch concept.

The aim of restorative dentistry in high-risk groups tends to shift over time from the preservation of complete dental arches towards the preservation of functional dental arches, using a functionally oriented approach. An example of this approach, aimed at limited treatment goals, is the shortened dental arch (SDA) concept. The objective of this study was to investigate dentists' attitudes to the SDA concept in general practice. A questionnaire seeking information pertaining to the attitudes and application of the SDA concept in clinical practice was sent to all dentally qualified members of staff in the field of restorative dentistry in the Nijmegen School of Dentistry (n = 64). From a 64% response, it was found that all but one of the respondents view the SDA concept as having a useful place in clinical practice. Although the respondents indicated only regular or occasional use of SDA in < 10% of patients, the outcome of SDA management was generally satisfactory or at least sufficient, notably in the care of special category patients. The findings support the view that the SDA concept has a role in contemporary clinical practice.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2003

Comparison of the Becton Dickinson strand displacement amplification and Cobas Amplicor Roche PCR for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis: pooling versus individual tests.

The objective of the study was to examine the influence of pooling Chlamydia trachomatis specimens. We compared Becton Dickinson ProbeTec strand displacement amplification (SDA) with Cobas Amplicor Roche (PCR). With PCR as the standard, SDA performed equally well in single-sample testing. For pooled PCR samples (compared to individual PCR), we found a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 98.9%. For pooled SDA tests (compared to individual SDA), we found a sensitivity of 86.5% and a specificity of 98.9%. Our conclusion is that 2-sucrose phosphate buffer (2-SP) can be used for individual SDA testing. A reduced sensitivity was found for pooled SDA samples, and we cannot recommend that SDA be used for pooling with 2-SP. Further pooling studies with other transport media are warranted.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of body mass, meal size, fast length, and temperature on specific dynamic action in the timber rattlesnake (Crotalus horridus).

Detailed analysis of animal energy budgets requires information on the cost of digestion (specific dynamic action [SDA]), which can represent a significant proportion of ingested energy (up to 30% in infrequent feeders). We studied the effects of snake mass, temperature (25 degrees and 30 degrees C), fasting time (1 and 5 mo), and prey size (10%-50% of snake mass) on SDA in 26 timber rattlesnakes (Crotalus horridus). We used flow-through respirometry to measure hourly CO(2) production rates (VCO2) for 1 d before and up to 17 d after feeding. Crotalus horridus, like previously studied viperids and boids, show large and ecologically relevant increases in metabolism due to feeding. Depending on treatment and individual, VCO2 increased to 2.8-11.8 times the resting metabolic rate within 12-45 h postfeeding and decreased to baseline within 4.3-15.4 d. Significant effects of snake mass, meal mass, and fast length were detected. Increased temperature decreased the time required to complete the process but had little effect on total energy expended on SDA. Energy expended on SDA increased with increasing fast length, snake mass, and prey mass. Considering all of our data, we found that a simple allometric relationship explained 96.7% of the variation in total CO(2) production during SDA. Calculations suggest that energy devoted to SDA may approach 20% of the total annual energy budget of snakes in nature. Discrepancies between our data and some previous studies draw attention to the fact that the measurement, expression, and analysis of SDA may be sensitive to several methodological and statistical assumptions.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Diet, nutrition intake, and metabolism in populations at high and low risk for colon cancer. Metabolism of neutral sterols.

Cholesterol and its metabolites, together with bile acids, are implicated as risk factors in the genesis and progression of colon cancer. This study was designed to determine differences in the neutral sterol composition of stools from four different population groups differing in their dietary habits as well as in their expected rates for colon cancer. Four study groups consisting of 18 Seventh-day Adventist (SDA) pure vegetarians, 50 SDA lacto-ovo vegetarians, 50 SDA nonvegetarians, and 50 general population nonvegetarians were selected from the greater Los Angeles Basin area. Three-day composite stool samples were lyophilized and then analyzed for their neutral sterol composition. Cholesterol excretion values consistently showed an age-dependent peak in 46- to 50-yr age group for the total population, SDA lacto-ovo vegetarian and SDA-nonvegetarian subgroups being the principal contributors to this age-dependent phenomenon. The SDA pure vegetarians exhibited the lowest fecal concentrations and daily excretion of cholesterol as expected since their intake of dietary cholesterol is insignificant. Among the other SDA, regardless of whether they are lacto-ovo vegetarians or nonvegetarians, their cholesterol excretion patterns were similar but higher than in the nonvegetarians from the general population. Since dietary intakes of cholesterol are not significantly different among the two nonvegetarian groups, the differences in excretion values are attributable to differences in colonic metabolism. The ratio of cholesterol/cholesterol metabolites showed generally lower values among nonvegetarians compared to the matched group of lacto-ovo vegetarians. The observation was made that fecal cholesterol and its metabolites tend to be higher among nonvegetarians compared to those in the corresponding vegetarian groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Diet, nutrition intake, and metabolism in populations at high and low risk for colon cancer. Metabolism of bile acids.

High levels of fecal bile acids have been associated with populations at high risk for developing colon cancer. In this study, 168 subjects were drawn from populations that show low and high mortality from colon cancer [pure vegetarians, lacto-ovo vegetarians, and nonvegetarians Seventh-day Adventists (SDA) and demographically comparable group from the general population]. Lyophilized aliquots of 3-day stool samples were examined for levels of primary (cholic and chenodeoxycholic acids) and secondary (deoxycholic and lithocholic acids) bile acids. Total bile acids (mg/g lyophilized stools) were statistically different among dietary groups: SDA pure vegetarians 2.16 +/- 0.32, SDA lacto-ovo vegetarians 3.66 +/- 0.41, SDA nonvegetarians 4.39 +/- 0.44, general population nonvegetarians 6.04 +/- 0.75; but were similar when stool weights, body weights, and fat intake were taken into account. The most striking difference was evident in the ratio of secondary to primary bile acids: when compared to SDA pure vegetarians, both SDA lacto-ovo vegetarians and SDA nonvegetarians had twice the ratio while values for general population nonvegetarians were five to six times. The data indicate that these differences in excretion patterns among dietary groups reveal distinctly characteristic metabolic features associated with diet and lifestyle.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Diet, nutrition intake, and metabolism in populations at high and low risk for colon cancer. Binding of bile salts to dietary residues.

The binding of glycocholic and glycochenodeoxycholic acids to dried defatted residues of homogenized diets consumed by four dietary groups has been measured. The four groups were true vegetarian Seventh-day Adventists (SDA), lacto-ovo vegetarian SDA, nonvegetarian SDA, and the general population. Glycocholic acid was bound to the same extent (7 to 9%) by all four dietary residues. The true vegetarian SDA residues bound significantly more glycochenodeoxycholic acid than those of either lacto-ovo vegetarian SDA (p less than 0.001) or nonvegetarian SDA (p less than 0.001). The general population residue bound significantly more glycochenodeoxycholic acid than did those of nonvegetarian SDA (p less than 0.001). Binding of glycochenodeoxycholic acid was significantly correlated with dietary neutral detergent fiber (p less than 0.001), hemicellulose (p less than 0.01) and cellulose (p = 0.01). There was no correlation between the binding of glycochenodeoxycholic acid and dietary lignin, pectin, or cutin.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Metabolism of stearidonic acid in human subjects: comparison with the metabolism of other n-3 fatty acids.

BACKGROUND: For many persons who wish to obtain the health benefits provided by dietary n-3 fatty acids, daily ingestion of fish or fish oil is not a sustainable long-term approach. To increase the number of sustainable dietary options, a land-based source of n-3 fatty acids that is effective in increasing tissue concentrations of the long-chain n-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is required. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to examine the ability of dietary stearidonic acid (SDA) to increase tissue concentrations of EPA and DHA in healthy human subjects and to compare the effectiveness of SDA with that of the n-3 fatty acids alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and EPA. DESIGN: Encapsulated SDA, ALA, or EPA was ingested daily in doses of 0.75 g and then 1.5 g for periods of 3 wk each by healthy male and postmenopausal female subjects (n = 15/group) in a double-blind, parallel-group design. RESULTS: Dietary SDA increased EPA and docosapentaenoic acid concentrations but not DHA concentrations in erythrocyte and in plasma phospholipids. The relative effectiveness of the tested dietary fatty acids in increasing tissue EPA was 1:0.3:0.07 for EPA:SDA:ALA. CONCLUSIONS: Vegetable oils containing SDA could be a dietary source of n-3 fatty acids that would be more effective in increasing tissue EPA concentrations than are current ALA-containing vegetable oils. The use of SDA-containing oils in food manufacture could provide a wide range of dietary alternatives for increasing tissue EPA concentrations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

A 6-year follow-up study of oral function in shortened dental arches. Part I: Occlusal stability.

In this clinical 6-year follow-up study subjects with shortened dental arches (SDA, n = 55), characterized by the absence of molar support, are compared with subjects with complete dental arches (CDA, n = 52) with respect to occlusal stability. In addition, a small group of subjects with SDA and removable partial dentures in the lower jaw (SDA+RPD, n = 19) is included in this study. The aim of this study was to describe effects regarding occlusal stability in subjects with SDA during a 6-year period. The applied parameters for occlusal stability are: number of occlusal contacts in the anterior region, overbite, interdental spacing and alveolar bone support. The results of this study show that: (i) SDA do provide durable occlusal stability; (ii) free-end RPD do not contribute to occlusal stability in SDA; and (iii) SDA with periodontally involved teeth show continuing periodontal breakdown.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis by nucleic acid amplification testing: our evaluation suggests that CDC-recommended approaches for confirmatory testing are ill-advised.

We evaluated three CDC-suggested approaches for confirming positive nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) for Chlamydia trachomatis: (i) repeat the original test on the original specimen, (ii) retest the original specimen with a different test, and (iii) perform a different test on a duplicate specimen. For approach 1, specimens (genital swabs or first-catch urine [FCU]) initially positive by the Abbott LCx Probe System Chlamydia trachomatis Assay (LCx; Abbott Laboratories), the APTIMA Combo 2 Assay (AC2; Gen-Probe Inc.), the Amplicor CT/NG Assay (PCR; Roche Diagnostics Corp.), or the BD ProbeTec ET System C. trachomatis amplified-DNA assay (SDA; Becton Dickinson Diagnostic Systems) were retested by the same NAAT. In several evaluations, multiple efforts were made to confirm the original positive result. For approach 2, specimens initially positive by SDA and the Hybrid Capture 2 CT-ID DNA Test (HC2; Digene Corp.) were retested by different NAATs (SDA, PCR, AC2, and the APTIMA assay for C. trachomatis [ACT]). For approach 3, duplicate male urethral or cervical swabs were tested by SDA or by both AC2 and ACT. FCU specimens were tested by all three tests. We found that 84 to 98% of SDA, LCx, PCR, and AC2 positive results were confirmed by a repeat test and that 89 to 99% of SDA and AC2 and 93% of HC2 positive results were confirmed by different NAATs, but that some NAATs cannot be used to confirm other NAATs. The use of repeat testing did not confirm 11% of C. trachomatis SDA positive results that could be confirmed by more extensive testing. Doing more testing confirms more positive results; >90% of all positive NAATs could be confirmed.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1976

Clinical evaluation of the addition of gentamicin to commercially prepared mycological media.

A simple procedure is presented whereby an antibiotic solution can be added to prepared agar media for conversion to a selective medium to isolate fungi. Gentamicin solution was deposited onto slants of a variety of previously prepared agar media, allowed to diffuse overnight, and then the slants were inoculated with clinical specimens. Control media without gentamicin included a cycloheximide-chloramphenicol medium (CC), Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA), and brain heart infusion agar (BHI). Of 75 specimens originating from the respiratory tract, the fungi isolated were predominantly yeast; 35, 39, and 43 were positive on CC, SDA, and SDA with gentamicin, respectively, incubated at 25 C. At 37 C, 32, 34, and 41 positive cultures were obtained with the same media, respectively. The same specimens, inoculated onto BHI with and without gentamicin, yielded 23 and 39 positive cultures, respectively. Of 90 specimens that were either urine, cutaneous, or mucocutaneous, the predominant flora again were yeasts, although on nine occasions dermatophytes were isolated. Positive cultures, 32, 34, and 41, were obtained with CC, SDA, and SDA containing gentamicin, respectively. Bacterial contamination was significantly reduced by the gentamicin, especially on BHI incubated at 37 C. None of the specimens was positive for systemically pathogenic fungi, other than species of Candida, Torulopsis, and Aspergillus. The effectiveness of varying concentrations of gentamicin was investigated by comparing growth of recently isolated bacteria. Of the bacterial isolates, 33% grew on CC, 16% grew on SDA containing gentamicin, 50 mug/ml, and 3% grew on SDA with a gentamicin concentration at 100 mug/ml. With BHI, 3% grew in the presence of 50 mug of gentamicin/ml and less than 1% grew at 100 mug of gentamicin/ml.

Agar↗
PubMed1996

Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in respiratory specimens by strand displacement amplification of DNA.

A total of 294 clinical respiratory specimens, including 75 with culture-positive results, were tested for the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by strand displacement amplification (SDA) of DNA. A region of the IS6110 insertion element and an internal control sequence were amplified and then detected by a chemiluminescence assay. Receiver operator-characteristic curves were used to evaluate three methods for declaring specimens positive for M. tuberculosis. By the preferred method, SDA chemiluminescence results were converted to theoretical numbers of M. tuberculosis organisms. A positive threshold (PT) value, above which 95% of the SDA results were judged to be M. tuberculosis positive (sensitivity = 95%), was found to be 2.4 M. tuberculosis organisms per SDA reaction. The analogous PT value for 95% sensitivity on smear-positive specimens was 3.6 M. tuberculosis organisms per reaction. The PT of 2.4 M. tuberculosis organisms per reaction detected 100% of culture-positive, smear-positive specimens (sensitivity = 100%), while 95% sensitivity was achieved with a PT of 15.5 M. tuberculosis organisms per reaction. Specificities, which were calculated with respect to culture- and smear-negative specimens, ranged from 96% at a PT of 15.5 M. tuberculosis organisms to 84% at a PT of 2.4 M. tuberculosis organisms per reaction. The M. tuberculosis-negative specimens were also segregated according to whether the patients received antituberculosis chemotherapy. SDA specificity ranged from 90% (PT = 2.4 M. tuberculosis organisms) to 98% (PT = 15.5 M. tuberculosis organisms) for the M. tuberculosis-negative specimens from patients who had not received chemotherapy. SDA specificity in the M. tuberculosis-negative specimens from patients who received chemotherapy was lower (85 to 94%). This study represents the first large-scale demonstration of M. tuberculosis detection in clinical sputum specimens by isothermal DNA amplification with SDA.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed2005

Subdiaphragmatic vagal deafferentation affects body weight gain and glucose metabolism in obese male Zucker (fa/fa) rats.

We investigated the effect of subdiaphragmatic vagal deafferentation (SDA) on food intake, body weight gain, and metabolism in obese (fa/fa) and lean (Fa/?) Zucker rats. Before and after recovery from surgery, food intake and body weight gain were recorded, and plasma glucose and insulin were measured in tail-prick blood samples. After implantation of a jugular vein catheter, an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) was performed, followed by minimal modeling to estimate the insulin sensitivity index. Food intake relative to metabolic body weight (g/kg(0.75)) and daily body weight gain after surgery were lower (P < 0.05) in SDA than in sham obese but not lean rats. Before surgery, plasma glucose and insulin concentrations were lower (P < 0.05) in lean than in obese rats but did not differ between surgical groups within both genotypes. Four weeks after surgery, plasma glucose and insulin were still similar in SDA and sham lean rats but lower (P < 0.05) in SDA than in sham obese rats. IVGTT revealed a downward shift of the plasma insulin profile by SDA in obese but not lean rats, whereas the plasma glucose profile was unaffected. SDA decreased (P < 0.05) area under the curve for insulin but not glucose in obese rats. The insulin sensitivity index was higher in lean than in obese rats but was not affected by SDA in both genotypes. These results suggest that elimination of vagal afferent signals from the upper gut reduces food intake and body weight gain without affecting the insulin sensitivity index measured by minimal modeling in obese Zucker rats.

Animals↗
PubMed2007

The energetic consequence of specific dynamic action in southern bluefin tuna Thunnus maccoyii.

The effect of feeding on the rate of oxygen consumption (M(O2)) of four groups of three southern bluefin tuna Thunnus maccoyii (SBT) was examined in a large static respirometer at water temperatures of 18.2-20.3 degrees C. Six feeding events of rations between 2.1-8.5% body mass (%M(b)) of Australian sardines (Sardinops neopilchardus) were recorded (two of the groups were fed twice). Before feeding, fish swam between 0.71 and 1.4 body lengths s(-1) (BL s(-1)) and the routine metabolic rate (RMR) was 366+/-32.5 mg kg(-1) h(-1) (mean +/- s.e.m.). For all trials, M(O2) was elevated post feeding, presumably as a result of specific dynamic action (SDA). Swimming velocity was also elevated post feeding for periods similar to that of M(O2) (between 20-45 h, longest for the largest rations). Post feeding swimming velocity increased to between 0.87-2.6 BL s(-1) and was also dependent on ration consumed. It is suggested that the purpose of increased post-feeding swimming velocity was to increase ventilation volume as a response to the enhanced metabolic demand associated with SDA. Peak post-prandial M(O2) increased linearly with ration size to a maximum of 1290 mg kg(-1) h(-1), corresponding to 2.8 times the RMR. When converted to its energy equivalent, total magnitude of SDA was linearly correlated with ration size to a maximum of 192 kJ kg(-1) h(-1), and as a proportion of gross energy ingested (SDA coefficient), it averaged 35+/-2.2%. These results demonstrate that, although the factorial increase of SDA in SBT is similar to that of other fish species, the absolute energetic cost of SDA is much higher. These results support the contention that tuna are energy speculators, gambling high rates of energy expenditure for potentially higher rates of energy returns. The ration that southern bluefin tuna require to equal the combined metabolic costs of SDA and RMR is estimated in this study to be 3.5%M(b) of Australian sardines per day.

Animals↗