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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

The Norelco Sport Fanatics Survey: examining behaviors of sport fans.

The Norelco Sport Fanatics Survey administered by Impulse Research to over 1,400 avid sport fans online assessed their support of and involvement with their teams, emotional responses prior to and subsequent to team performance, and the effect of their fandom on their family and social relations. Analysis yielded results which replicated past research and indicated that sport fandom was extremely important to the respondents, intensified affective reactions, and was perceived as a highly social activity with very few negative consequences for interpersonal relations.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[The influence of sports injuries on sport participation and work].

The incidence and complications of sport injuries in athletics, basketball, gymnastics, hockey, netball, cricket, tennis and soccer were analysed from questionnaire responses of 239 sport participants in Pretoria. Lower limb injuries were most common (73%). Torn tendomuscular organs represented 29,3% of the total number of injuries; sprains, strains and dislocations 35,9%; and fractures 20,5%. Medical treatment was sought by 62,8% of the patients. A total of 60,7% of the subjects was advised to suspend further participation in sport, but 30,6% failed to do so and more than half of these again sustained injuries. Those who were booked off from work totalled 18,0%, but a further 4,5% stayed away from work voluntarily.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1994

Clearing athletes for participation in sports. The North Carolina Medical Society Sports Medicine Committee's recommended examination.

The North Carolina Medical Society's Medicine Committee has reviewed current U.S. literature on preparticipation examinations and adopted a documentation form that fits the specific needs of our state. In spite of a recently published comprehensive monograph on preparticipation physical evaluation, no national consensus exists about whether comprehensive preparticipation exams or brief, focused examinations are better. With this in mind, we limited medical history questions to those determined by previous studies to identify specific problems. Also included are evaluations of blood pressure, musculoskeletal, and cardiovascular systems since studies have shown significant yield from these. The same studies find little benefit from the remainder of a comprehensive physical assessment. The recommended evaluation represents a minimal standard and addresses the core areas likely to prevent athletes from participating safely in sports. No recommended exam could cover all issues that affect school-age athletes--health prevention, adolescent development, general medical care, and psychological stresses--but physicians can use the recording form as a starting point and incorporate a more extensive evaluation into the assessment of athletes found to be at increased risk. Consistent use of this examination should promote better detection of sport-specific risks related to cardiovascular disorders, asthma, musculoskeletal problems, concussions, heat-related problems, and general medical problems. The Sports Medicine Committee wants to promote physical activity. Before disqualifying athletes physicians should remember that the disqualification rate in published studies averages only 1%. When questions about the need for disqualification arise, consultation may be advisable.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Injury pattern in a sports club with its own sports physician].

As the first Danish athletic association, TST-79 in 1995 appointed a permanent sports doctor for use by all its members. We publish the results of the first year. Seventeen percent of all handball players and 11% of all football players were seen in the consultation. The athletes were between 10 and 69 years old. Seventy-eight percent of the injured athletes could be diagnosed, instructed and, if necessary, treated after one consultation. Eight percent were sent for further examination at a hospital. Ultrasound examinations were necessary for establishing the diagnosis in 10% of the injured athletes. Some of the injuries were serious, and would probably not have been seen if the athletes did not have the possibility of consulting a sports doctor. This would increase the risk of chronic injury. It is suggested that a permanent arrangement with a sports doctor is an economically reasonable investment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Survey of sport injuries in physical education students participating in 13 sports.

A protocolled interview was carried out of 150 physical education students to specify retrospectively all sports injuries sustained during their training. This study analyses the frequency, severity and location of injuries sustained by a population group participating in 13 different sports. On average more than three injuries were encountered per student over a mean period of 2.35 years. 74% of all 482 recorded injuries were sustained by males. The sports associated with the highest rate of injuries were gymnastics, skiing and athletics followed by ball games. The most frequently injured body regions were the ankle and the hand. 29% of the injuries were regarded as being severe.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

The causes and mechanisms of meniscal injuries in the sporting and non-sporting environment in an unselected population.

The aim of this study was to establish the aetiology and circumstances of meniscal injuries in the general adult population. We studied a group of patients who underwent arthroscopy under the care of the same surgeon between 1991 and 1998 (1236 patients). The study group included 392 patients, aged 18 to 60 years, with no previous knee injury, surgery or arthritis, with normal X-rays and meniscal injuries proven at arthroscopy. No professional athletes were included in the study group. The patients with Sports injuries (mean age 33 years) accounted for 32.4% of cases. The patients with Non-sporting injuries (mean age 41 years) accounted for 38.8% of tears. 71.9% of these happened in activities of daily living (and half of this group sustained their tear by squatting or ascent from this position). Patients without identifiable injury (mean age 43 years) represented 28.8% of cases. Male:Female ratio was 4:1. Medial tears accounted for two thirds of cases. This type of study, not undertaken since the advent of MRI or arthroscopy, shows that in the general population, two thirds of meniscal tears occurred in the absence of sporting activities, frequently within the ambit of every day activities and in the absence of the classic injury mechanism. Ascent from a squat is a common mechanism of injury not widely described or emphasised.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Sports and performing arts medicine. 2. Shoulder and elbow overuse injuries in sports.

UNLABELLED: This self-directed learning module discusses classic topics and highlights new advances in this area. This article discusses upper-limb sports injuries as part of a section of the study guide on sports and performing arts medicine in the Self-Directed Physiatric Education Program for practitioners and trainees in physical medicine and rehabilitation. This article uses case vignettes as a vehicle to elaborate on shoulder and elbow pain in the athlete. OVERALL ARTICLE OBJECTIVE: To discuss shoulder and elbow overuse injuries in sports.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMed1998

[Injury profile in school sports. A sports medicine analysis in an annual report on schools].

A current injury profile was constructed on the data of the accident reports (n = 6366) in school sport coming in with the municipality accident insurance association for Schleswig-Holstein. The largest injury frequency occurred at the period from 9 o'clock until 10 o'clock. In this way, the "2nd hour" showed the highest injury risk referring to the lessons. In this case, a significant connection appeared between motivation and injury risk. The upper extremities were affected with a part of about 48% of all injuries most frequently. Within the injury kinds the distortion in 45% of the cases dominated. Cause of the injuries was the ball in 28% of the cases. The most injuries within the ball games resulted at the basketball (17%). By far most injuries of upper extremities occurred during a game phase. In about 80% the cases the injuries were on the fingers identified caused by the ball. The present results can help to analyze causes of accident and discuss measures for the prevention of sport injuries during the school sport.

Accidents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Is prevention of sports injuries a realistic goal? A four-year prospective investigation of sports injuries among physical education students.

To assess the reliability of injury registration and to determine the incidence of injury in intramural (program of the institution) and extramural (leisure time) sports activities, we prospectively recorded information on sports injuries for 4 years in a group of 136 physical education students. Registration forms were completed every 3 weeks, and data on medical consultations were recorded. During the last year, we asked 59 students to recall all injuries sustained to establish the reliability of retrospective injury registration. In the prospective study, 525 sports injuries were recorded: 58% during intramural activities and 42% during extramural. The incident rate per 1000 hours of intramural activities (1.26) was significantly lower than that for extramural activities (1.77). A gradual decline in response rate from 98.4% the 1st year to 87.7% in the final year indicated a decreasing compliance during the study period. Eighteen percent of all injuries with recorded medical consultations were not reported by the students. At the retrospective injury registration in the final year of the study, students had forgotten 54% of the recorded injuries and 50 injuries (20% of all recorded injuries) were mentioned that had not been recorded during the previous years. We conclude that, even in a well-supervised population, prospective injury registration is not complete, and the reliability of retrospective injury registration is even poorer.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Sports injuries in children and adolescents treated at a sports injury clinic.

This study presents the results of a three-year (1989-1991) retrospective survey of sports injuries to children and adolescents (5-17 years of age) treated at a sports injuries clinic (Crystal Palace, London). Of the total of 394 injuries, 178 (45.2%) were to females and 216 (54.8%) were to males. In both females and males the frequency of injuries showed a unimodal relationship with increasing age; the peak frequency in females occurred at age 13-14 years and in males at age 15-16 years. Fifty per cent of the injuries (197) were acute, 49.5% (195) were chronic and 0.5% (2) were inconclusive in diagnosis. Most of the acute injuries were muscle/tendon/ligament sprains, strains or contusions (62%) whereas most of the chronic injuries affected articular cartilage, epiphyseal and apophyseal growth plates (53%). Injuries to knees and ankles accounted for 51% of all injuries. The sports responsible for most injuries were characterised by i) explosive and/or high speed movements and/or ii) physical contact with apparatus, equipment or other players.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Rationale for a specific diet from the viewpoint of sports medicine and sports orthopedics. Relation to stress reaction and regeneration].

The relation between nutrition and sport has been studied extensively during recent decades. Nevertheless, research interest was focused mainly on the role of dietary macro- and micronutrients as ergogenic aids. Today, there is increasing support for the hypothesis that the nutrient status also has relevance for the prevention and rehabilitation of systemic and muscular stress induced by intense physical exercise. The increase in muscular stress is indicated by the rise in creatine kinase and myoglobin; the systemic stress is associated with characteristic immunological and hormonal changes and an acute-phase response. During and following exercise, the course of cytokines (especially interleukin 6) and acute-phase proteins (C-reactive protein, fibrinogen) as well as cortisol levels are an indirect measure of the exercise intensity and the individual ability to cope with physical stress. It has been shown that the dietary intake and, consequently, the systemic or intracellular concentrations of minerals such as magnesium and zinc, vitamins with antioxidant capacity (vitamin E, C, E, and beta carotine), and the composition of fatty acids can be related to the exercise-induced stress response. Therefore, this review deals specifically with the impact of these nutritional components on the reduction of sports specific muscular damage and systemic stress, especially under the aspect of increased losses during and following intense physical exercise.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed2001

[Play sports and feel well! Effects of sports on mental health].

The role of mental health is increasingly recognised in the discussion about health. In this article, health is considered to be a dynamic balance between resources and potential risk factors. Sport and physical activity may represent resources that do not only contribute to an increased well-being, but also to an improved self concept as a cognitive representation of one's health-status. Investigations of the short-time effects of sport show that different activities result in different mood changes, but also that the initial mood is important in such a way that people with a bad mood profit more from physical activity programmes. More permanent physical activity results in better well-being, but also in an improved perception of the health status and a higher satisfaction with health. Individually tailored new physical activity behaviour programmes and reinforcing systems have to be developed. These may lead to adequately strengthen the self-efficacy and increase the well-being of a broader population.

Affect↗
PubMed1992

Medical modifiers of sports injury. The use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in sports soft-tissue injury.

This article provides a background for the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in sports medicine, including the nature of the drugs, the settings and rationale for their use, and concerns about their general safety. The criteria for the ideal study to examine the efficacy and safety of NSAIDs after acute injury is then enumerated, including a review of how many of the published studies have met each of the major criteria. Selected studies are described to demonstrate those that have or have not provided the basis for a rational decision on the use of NSAIDs in sports medicine and in the treatment of tendinitis. Finally, this article draws conclusions based on these published studies.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

[Childhood asthma and sports in school: a survey of teachers of sports and physical education].

Exercise induced bronchial obstruction is very common in asthmatic children who represent at least 5% of the general paediatric population. 89 teachers of physical education at school replied to a questionnaire on asthma: 82% knew the existence of exercise induced asthma, all thought that asthmatics can do sport at school; however their knowledge of this disorder seemed insufficient to offer sporting activities in a satisfactory manner; the idea of asthma as a psychological disorder is well ingrained (61.6%), they felt that necessarily the bronchial obstruction should be noticed by the asthmatic (58%) and finally a significant proportion (29%) thought that they had never seen a child in an asthmatic crisis during their lessons. The majority (88%) were favourable to information on asthma given by an information film followed by a discussion.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Rehabilitation of children and young people being exempted from obligatory sports at school by means of individual sports therapy].

Pupils being exempted from sports lessons are handicapped in their physical efficiency but also deranged some times in the development of their personality. A report is made about an individual sports therapy by means of home bicycle ergometers within rehabilititave facilities and measures. The aim and the methodical proceeding and first results are shown. A relative little personal, spatial and material display give a justification for taking these therapeutical measures in the process of rehabilitation into account.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

An investigation of some characteristics of provincial sport executives with special reference to comparisons between swimming and other sports.

The social background and sport experience of 193 executives in supports in Ontario have been analyzed. This number represented 84% of a sample of 229 initially surveyed in figure skating, gymnastics, ringette, swimming and field hockey. A simple profile of sport executives appears to show that they are equally likely to be male or female typically they are married, Canadian born, well educated and likely already to be in a supervisory role in their own occupations.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Longitudinal analysis of change in sports performance of women between ages 30 and 75: a comparison between peak and leisure sports participation].

The paper considers motor development in women aged 30 to 75 years. The present research examines performance changes in several track and field disciplines comparing senior master athletes and competitors on a mass sport level. The change itself and its acceleration is expressed by the linear and the coefficients of quadratic polynomials fitted to the original and the z-transformed data. Correlation-, regression- and cluster analysis as well as Manova were conducted with the coefficients and the original data from 585 and 224 repeated measurement series. Significant differences were found for the original data and the change parameters: 1) Between the two groups considered longitudinally and cross-sectionally, 2) within both groups concerning several disciplines and age groups considered longitudinally and cross-sectionally. Further research will be conducted with additional methods to support the present findings. The most important issue will be to investigate the interaction between the observed pattern and external variables concerning training effort, lifestyle, state of health, life events and personality traits gathered from the group at the mass sport level.

Adult↗