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Results for “Reality Therapy”

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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Assessment of brain activities in immersive environments.

The primary goal of this study was to establish an objective baseline for subjects who participated in a study in an immersed environment created for the virtual reality therapy (VRT) situation. Since the effects of VRT on the subjects treated for neurosis have traditionally been measured by subjective measurements, there is a need to include objective measures. This will improve and validate the effectiveness of VRT. Fifteen college students participated in this study. Specifically, the researchers measured the activity of the subjects' brainwaves in response to the VRT using EEG technology. The preliminary data indicated that, in most cases, subjects had a decline in brain wave activity between what is deemed a normal / baseline brain activity and the brainwave activity recorded when they were when they were connected to the virtual reality equipment and under influence of an immersive scene. In rare instances, there were some subjects that showed extreme increases in brain activities. In addition, the data indicated that, in most cases, subjects are more relaxed while under the immersive influence with respect to brain activities than those that are not.

Brain↗
PubMed2003

Three-dimensional virtual environments for cybertherapy: a psychosocial approach to effective usability.

The present study is to be considered in the framework of the VEPSY UPDATED project, whose main objective is to prove the technical and clinical viability of using virtual reality therapy (VRT) in clinical psychology by means of portable and shared VR systems. This contribution illustrates the attempt to elaborate a new psychosocial model of usability evaluation analysis, allowing general definitions in the context of the project, by considering areas of VR not yet completely explored from the usability point of view. The theoretical background is based upon an ethnometodological approach, a perspective that gives evidence of how people, in specific social situations, are able to solve complex tasks producing shared meanings and achieving their goals during the interactions, in order to make their actions understandable and successful.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

A perspective on the psychotherapy of schizophrenia project.

Psychotherapy of schizophrenia has engendered widespread interest and controversy. Etiologic theories and ideologic orientation toward psychopathology have unduly influenced clinicians' therapeutic approach, and only recently has the drug versus psychotherapy polemic given way to scientific study and integration of seemingly distinct treatments. The Psychotherapy of Schizophrenia Project provides an important new perspective on methodology and data analysis. A differential effect between two psychotherapies was hypothesized, but results support the view that supportive psychotherapy is at least as effective as more intensive psychotherapy based on psychoanalytic theory and psychodynamic practice. The more general question of efficacy of psychotherapies is not addressed, but it is a vitally important issue which demands the critical attention of advocates rather than advocacy devoid of efficacy data.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1984

Ideology and science in the individual psychotherapy of schizophrenia.

The efficacy of individual psychotherapy for acute schizophrenics has been the source of controversy for many decades. Discussion of the scientific issues, such as design, methodology, and assessment, has been clouded by strong ideological conflicts. The relative value of drugs and psychotherapy for schizophrenics has been the subject of tension and dispute between various psychiatric schools--psychoanalytic, interpersonal, biological, and behavioral. The Psychotherapy of Schizophrenia Project is discussed in terms of the mixture of scientific and ideological issues.

Antipsychotic Agents↗
PubMed1984

The fear of reducing medication, and where have all the patients gone?

In spite of the enormous effort made by the Boston group, the findings were few. The high rate of dropouts and refusals to be assessed raise serious questions. One significant point that should be raised is that there was no difference in the use of medication between the treatments, and there should have been to foster underlying change with expressive psychotherapy. Also, treatment was not attempted without medication. Did patients drop out to avoid medication? Would a more flexible technique such as multiple crisis intervention have reduced dropout? Did selecting subjects with normal Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale scores eliminate severe thought disorders, making differential improvement impossible? Was eliminating the sickest third of patients a mistake?

Antipsychotic Agents↗
PubMed1984

O tempora, O mores: directions in research on the psychotherapeutic treatment of schizophrenia.

This article places an appreciation of the Boston Study of the Psychotherapy of Schizophrenia in a historical context. It discusses some of the major advances in research methodology during the last decade which have brought about a shift in approach to the study of the psychosocial treatment of schizophrenic patients. These advances include the necessity for "combined" treatments, recognition of the complexity of pharmacological treatments, the development of methods for "standardizing" psychotherapeutic treatments, and the specification of a number of other variables likely to account for variance in treatment outcome.

Antipsychotic Agents↗
PubMed1986

Evaluation of a residential AA program.

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the Serenity Lodge alcohol rehabilitation program by comparing a group of 137 men who entered the program with the same number of similar men who did not enter the program after an admission to a detoxification hospital. The residential program, for which people must pay board, is based on the AA philosophy and reality therapy. Follow-up interviews were conducted with three-quarters of the men in each group. Even after allowing for spontaneous remission as measured by the improvement in the control group, it was apparent that for a wide range of outcome criteria, and not just the obtaining of abstinence, the program was having a beneficial effect for the men who stayed at Serenity Lodge.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Virtual reality combats test anxiety: a case study report.

This pilot study is the first known in-depth case study of the effectiveness of virtual reality therapy (VRT) as a treatment for Test Anxiety (TA). The subject of the study was a 28-year-old male, whose anxiety and avoidance behavior was interfering with his normal academic activities. For treatment, he was placed in a virtual classroom and later in a virtual auditorium. The subject was exposed to six moderately increasing in difficulty level virtual situations. The subject rated each situation for discomfort. As a simple measure of anxiety, a modified version of the Subjective Units of Disturbance (SUD) scale was used every five minutes during exposure. This case study showed VRT to be an effective treatment method for reducing self-reported TA. Symptoms experienced by the subject during VRT sessions were just as real to the subject as actual test taking and general TA situations. They included increased heart rate, mild dizziness, and headaches. This case study of TA indicates that VRT may be used as an effective treatment method for reducing self-reported anxiety and improving the performance of subject(s) who suffer from TA.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Augmentation of experimental skin flap survival via postoperative phosphocreatine replacement.

Despite improvements in our understanding of cutaneous vascular territories, clinical skin flap necrosis resulting from ischemic compromise is still a reality. Therapy with vasodilators has been generally unsuccessful, but replacement of high-energy phosphometabolites through the use of ATP-MgCl2 and fructose 1,6-diphosphate has been effective. Recently we reported that phosphocreatine is the major high-energy phosphometabolite in mammalian skin and that ATP levels and cellular well-being in skin flaps are dependent on adequate supply of this phosphometabolite. We report herein the successful augmentation of survival of ischemically compromised skin flaps through postoperative phosphocreatine infusion. This metabolite effectively circumvents the nonfunctioning mitochondrial creatine-phosphocreatine energy shuttle without disturbing the delicate [ATP]/[ADP] balance in the cytosol. In addition, phosphocreatine may favorably redistribute blood flow from muscle to the ischemically compromised skin.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Gene therapy for genetic disorders of purine metabolism].

Anderson proposed three genetic diseases deficient in enzymes involved in purine metabolism as candidate for human gene therapy in 1984. Over the past ten years, marked advances in molecular genetics have brought gene therapy to reality. Gene therapy for ADA deficiency was performedin the United States in 1990 and in Japan in 1995 as the first trial. Basic study for HPRT gene transfer has been proceeding toward gene therapy for HPRT deficiency despite the difficulties in gene transfer into the nervous systems.

Adenosine Deaminase↗