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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Efficacy of digital radiography for the detection of pneumothorax: comparison with conventional chest radiography.

As part of our continuing evaluation of the clinical applicability of digital radiography, we compared the abilities of radiologists to detect pneumothoraces on conventional chest radiographs with their performances when using three formats of digitally obtained images. Twenty-three frontal-view chest radiographs with pneumothoraces and 22 other chest radiographs, either normal or showing miscellaneous abnormalities, were interpreted by five experienced radiologists in each of four formats: conventional film-screen chest radiographs, small-format (17.8 x 21.6 cm) computed radiographs, large-format (35.6 x 43.1 cm) computed radiographs, and digital images viewed on an interactive electronic workstation. The receiver-operating-characteristic curve areas for each observer for the four types of images were compared by a z test on a critical ratio, and the mean sensitivity and specificity values were compared by the sign rank test. The mean areas under the receiver-operating-characteristic curves ranged from 0.869 for the digital workstation to 0.915 for film-screen images. The differences observed among formats were not statistically significant. Mean specificities also were not significantly different, ranging from 0.90 for large-format computed radiographs to 0.96 for the digital workstation. Mean sensitivity ranged from 0.65 for the digital workstation to 0.82 for film-screen images. Radiologists interpreting digital workstation images were significantly less sensitive in detecting pneumothoraces than with film-screen and small-format computed images (p = .06). In this study, radiologists detected pneumothoraces equally well on conventional film-screen radiographs and digital images printed on film; however, they detected pneumothoraces less well on electronic viewing consoles. This latter finding reflects an important practical difference in the working behavior of radiologists interacting with a digital workstation.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

Chest radiography in the intensive care unit. Indications for radiography and effects of selective archiving of films.

Consecutive chest radiographs (n = 2,303) in 601 patients in the intensive care units (ICU) were analyzed with regard to main disease and indication. Two thirds of the patients were transferred for routine post-operative treatment, 14 per cent mainly for cardiopulmonary insufficiency. The remainder were referred because of various clinical conditions. The main indications for chest radiography were routine radiographic follow-up and/or control of the position of catheters, tubes, drainages etc. (50%). Obvious clinical indications appeared in only about 1/4 of the patients. When the patients were discharged from the ICU all chest radiographs were analyzed with regard to their predicted future value. Films considered not worth storing were removed and stored in a separate archive (57%). During a 15-month follow-up period none of the removed films were requested, indicating that a substantial number of films can be sorted out continuously. The possibility to reduce and to 'clinically compress' the amount of data in a future digital picture archive is emphasized.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

Comparative evaluation of digital radiography versus conventional radiography of fractured skulls.

OBJECTIVES: The authors assessed the relative efficacy of conventional and digital storage-phosphor radiographs for the detection of skull fractures. METHODS: Fifty conventional film-screen radiographs (FSR) and 50 digital storage-phosphor radiographs (DR) with 66 fractures were compared. Five radiologists evaluated image quality and fracture detectability. The results were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS: With a standard exposure, the ability to evaluate skull fractures was equally good with either technique (ROC area for DR, 0.8954; for FSR, 0.8870). Digital radiography was superior in evaluating nasal bone. For petrosal bone, the DR image simulates an underexposure. This disadvantage compared with FSR can be compensated by image postprocessing. CONCLUSION: In evaluation of skull fractures, radiologists performance with DR is equivalent to FSR.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Use and effectiveness of chest radiography and low-back radiography in screening.

One of the Food and Drug Administration's educational programs to optimize the use of medical radiation is the investigation of the efficacy of selected x-ray film examinations. The goal of this program is to provide clinical information needed to aid physicians in their judgment. The routine chest-radiograph screening examination has been studied, and recommendations for five applications of chest-radiograph screening have been published. These recommendations, plus results of FDA research on the efficacy of low-back radiography, are discussed.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of computed radiography and conventional film-screen radiography of the equine stifle.

Major advantages of computed radiography are the potential reduction of dose and the possibility of postprocessing. In our study, we compared conventional radiographs to digital radiographs of the equine stifle by subjective evaluation of diagnostic quality when using a decreasing photon flux (mAs). Twelve equine stifle joints from horses of different weight and size were examined. Conventional and digital radiographs were performed identically in a caudocranial projection with the tube angled 15 degrees. A series of four radiographs was performed in each technique with an increasing photon flux starting with 2.5 mAs and going up to 5, 10, and 20 mAs. All radiographs were evaluated subjectively in a blinded fashion by seven readers in terms of contrast, bone structure, and diagnostic value and were graded using a 1-5 scale. Results from conventional and digitized radiographs were compared, and differences between the individual observers were analyzed statistically. Contrast, bone structure, and diagnostic value from digital images were rated significantly better than from conventional images (p < .001). For both techniques, a decrease in ranking was found with a decrease of photon flux. There was only slight interobserver variability. A dose reduction up to a factor of 4 compared to a 100 speed film-screen system seems to be possible without loss of information. Weight and size of the horse are not major influences.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Digital luminescence radiography in the framework of ERCP. Initial results in comparison to conventional radiography].

Forty-seven patients submitted to an ERCP were submitted, in one and the same session, to radiological examination with both conventional and digital luminescence radiography (DLR). Within the framework of this orientational study, DLR provided at least the same amount of information as the conventional examination, but was also associated with diagnostic advantages in particular in the region of the intrahepatic bile ducts and in the representation of a cholelithiasis.

Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde↗
PubMed1990

Digital radiography versus conventional radiography during excretory urography: our experience.

The authors describe a computed radiographic system employed to generate and archive digital images in intravenous urography. For each exposure the system produces two digital images: the first (left image) simulates a conventional screen-film radiograph, the second (right image); enhances some spatial frequencies and emphasizes the margins of the structures. These images can be modified in their chief parameters and then printed by a laser-printer and archived on optical disks. Four experienced radiologists evaluated digital images with regard to some chief diagnostic parameters and, in 50 patients, they compared digital images with conventional screen-film radiographs and submitted the results to statistical analysis. For some of the chosen parameters, particularly for the evaluation of renal margins before and after contrast medium injection, digital images gave statistically better results than conventional films, while, no statistically significant different was observed for the other parameters. From the results of this preliminary study digital radiography was found to be useful in intravenous urography by reducing the patient's exposition dose, by always obtaining images of good quality, and by enhancing some particular features of the standard image; on the other hand there were many unsolved problems regarding the communicating and archiving system (PACS), because of the slowness of the image transfer procedure, difficulties in data transmission and complexity of referential procedures.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1986

Endoscopy or radiography?--The patient's choice. Prospective comparative survey of patient acceptability of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and radiography.

Patient acceptability of endoscopy and the double-contrast barium meal test was compared in a prospective randomized fashion. Ninety-six inpatients were interviewed with a standardized questionnaire within 24 hours of completion of double-contrast barium meal test and endoscopy, after recovery from administered sedation. Twenty-five percent of patients reported moderate to severe discomfort with each procedure. The levels of discomfort reported were similar for both procedures. The majority of patients would readily undergo a repeated procedure, if requested. There was a tendency (p less than 0.1) for patients to prefer endoscopy overall. No specific patient group that preferred one procedure over the other could be identified, although older patients (more than 55 years) showed a tendency to prefer endoscopy. The choice of one procedure over the other should no longer be based on the presumed superior acceptability of the double-contrast barium meal test.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1981

Advances in intraoperative renal radiography: 3-dimensional radiography of the kidney.

A renal contact chassis that allows for the discovery of the smallest calculi and calcifications is described. The corrected images are far superior to commercially available plates and there is less radiation exposure to the patient and staff of the operating room. The bases have been established for intraoperative, 3-dimensional radiographic exploration of the kidney, which presently has not been achieved and is no doubt of great significance in operations for lithiasis. The technique represents a decisive aid for the intraoperative localization of residual calculi that allows for complete removal with a minimum of trauma to the kidney.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

Radiographic determination of canal length direct digital radiography versus conventional radiography.

This research compared the length determination images produced by Trophy and Regam direct digital radiographic systems with conventional E-speed radiographs. Size #15 K files were placed in the canals of 19 teeth of cadaver specimens and radiographed in a geometrically standardized bench device. Three evaluators estimated the length adjustment necessary to position the file at the apex. The mean estimated adjustment lengths were compared with the true, anatomically determined adjustment lengths. Statistical analysis with analysis of variance and the Student-Newman-Keuls test indicated no significant difference between direct digital thermal print images and conventional radiographs (p > 0.10). Length adjustment estimates with conventional radiographs were significantly more accurate than Regam high-resolution computer monitor images (p < 0.01). Additionally, it was determined that length adjustment estimates were significantly more accurate when the file was placed short of the apex (p < 0.001). The clinical relevance of these differences is discussed.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1998

Storage-phosphor computed radiography versus film radiography in the detection of pathologic periradicular bone loss in cadavers.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to compare D-speed film, E-speed film, and the Soredex Digora system with respect to the detection of periradicular pathosis. STUDY DESIGN: Radiographic images of 100 cadaver jaws were made with E-speed film, D-speed film, and the Soredex Digora. Each set of 100 images was interpreted by four observers, with 30 days separating each of three viewing sessions from the next. The presence or absence of pathologic (inflammatory) periradicular bone resorption was determined by histologic examination of the samples. The observer performance was compared with the true histologic findings and evaluated with receiver operating characteristic and corrected receiver operating characteristic analysis. RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were found in diagnostic performance among the three radiographic techniques. In addition, no imaging technique was a good indicator of pathosis as determined by histologic analysis. CONCLUSION: Under the conditions of this study, it was determined that D-speed film, E-speed film, and the Soredex Digora were equivalent diagnostic imaging modalities with regard to the detection of pathologic periradicular bone resorption. No technique predictably indicated inflammatory resorption.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗