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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

CDC/AHA Workshop on Markers of Inflammation and Cardiovascular Disease: Application to Clinical and Public Health Practice: report from the population science discussion group.

This article summarizes epidemiological studies of inflammation markers, particularly C-reactive protein, and cardiovascular disease as of early 2002. Gaps in the research and the public health practice implications are also discussed. Although considerable work has been published since this review was completed, the perspectives and issues presented are still useful in evaluating the use of inflammation markers for risk stratisfication and prevention.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1993

Advantages and disadvantages of the alternatives of private practice, public health office and clinic out-patient department as dispensaries for methadone substitution of drug users.

In Germany, methadone substitution will be expanded considerably. Pilot projects and single private practitioners collected first experiences. Other programmes and practitioners follow, since important obstacles have been removed. Instead of individual solutions for limited numbers, broader concepts must be developed. Private practice, public health office and clinic out-patient departments each offer advantages and disadvantages. In several surveyed cities, there are a variety of substitution facilities and no general solution. Local facilities have to be examined for their advantages and disadvantages and should be connected cooperatively--e.g. containing a central out-patient department and a number of private practitioners--to serve the needs of the patients and the efficacy of the system.

Ambulatory Care Facilities↗
PubMed2002

Impact of genotyping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis on public health practice in Massachusetts.

Massachusetts was one of seven sentinel surveillance sites in the National Tuberculosis Genotyping and Surveillance Network. From 1996 through 2000, isolates from new patients with tuberculosis (TB) underwent genotyping. We describe the impact that genotyping had on public health practice in Massachusetts and some limitations of the technique. Through genotyping, we explored the dynamics of TB outbreaks, investigated laboratory cross-contamination, and identified Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains, transmission sites, and accurate epidemiologic links. Genotyping should be used with epidemiologic follow-up to identify how resources can best be allocated to investigate genotypic findings.

Bacterial Typing Techniques↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Implications of chemical mixtures in public health practice.

The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) is a federal public health agency that investigates and strives to prevent human health problems produced by exposure to toxic chemicals and their mixtures in the environment. Most human exposures involving toxic chemicals or mixtures are thought to originate from environmental and occupational sources; however, concurrent exposures are also likely from other sources, such as prescription and nonprescription drugs, indoor air pollutants, alcohol, and tobacco smoke. Thus, in evaluating the potential hazard following exposure to environmental mixtures, ATSDR not only considers the inherent joint toxicity of the mixture but also the influence of environmental, demographic, occupational, and lifestyle factors. To foster these goals, ATSDR has pursued a Mixtures Research and Assessment Program that consists of three component efforts: trend analysis, joint toxicity assessment, and experimental testing. Through trend analysis, ATSDR sets priorities for environmental mixtures of concern for which joint toxicity assessments are conducted as needed. If data are not available to conduct appropriate assessments, a research agenda is pursued through established extramural mechanisms. Ultimately, the data generated are used to support ATSDR's work at sites involving exposure to chemical mixtures. This pragmatic approach allows testable hypotheses or research needs to be identified and resolved and enhances our understanding of the mechanisms of joint toxicity. Several collaborative and cooperative efforts with national and international organizations such as the Toxicology and Nutrition Office, the Netherlands, and the Department of Energy are being pursued as part of these activities. ATSDR also develops guidance manuals to consistently and accurately apply current methodologies for the joint toxicity assessment of chemicals. Further, expert panels often are assembled to resolve outstanding scientific issues or obtain expert advice on pertinent issues. Recently, the need for studies on chemical mixtures has been proposed as one of the six priority areas the agency identified in its agenda for public health environmental research. This has been reinforced through the agency's close work with communities whose leaders have spoken passionately about their concern for information on exposures to chemical mixtures. The five other priority research areas the agency identified are exposure, susceptible populations, communities and tribal involvement, evaluation/surveillance of health effects, and health promotion/prevention.

Algorithms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Influenza, local public health practice, and the necessary paradigm shift.

The National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO) is the national organization representing local health departments. NACCHO supports efforts that protect and improve the health of all people and all communities by promoting national policy, developing resources and programs, seeking health equity, and supporting effective local public health practice and systems.

Humans↗
PubMed1985

An experience in narrative writing to improve public health practice by students.

The experimental use of the Public Health journal is of value for several reasons. It demonstrates, again, that we may create more positive environments for learning in nursing. We can use techniques from various disciplines in order to get students to use more of their faculties and senses in thinking, problem solving, and communicating. The writing project arose out of the problem students have in assimilating Public Health values, in considering a wider range of alternatives for health care, and in feeling ill at ease with narrative writing and exploration. Since skills in cognition, thought, and writing are interrelated and affect each other, it is appropriate to apply writing methods and examine the outcomes in nursing students' work. The findings support the value of the narrative journal process. Although it does not operate alone in changing student overall response to Public Health in any given semester, it does affect who the students are and what their political-social values are. The students, in general, have been exposed to only traditional, conservative ideas regarding health care delivery and the state's social responsibilities. It is in experimenting with alternative ways to deal with the problems students have in approaching the Public Health model that we further aid them in their struggle to become professional nurse practitioners, who can effectively help people achieve "physical, mental, and social well being," health as defined by the World Health Organization. This is the objective we, as nursing faculty, need to keep before ourselves as a guiding principle at all times.

Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate↗
PubMed2005

Integrating social theory into public health practice.

The innovative practice that resulted from the Ottawa Charter challenges public health knowledge about programming and evaluation. Specifically, there is a need to formulate program theory that embraces social determinants of health and local actors' mobilization for social change. Likewise, it is imperative to develop a theory of evaluation that fosters reflexive understanding of public health programs engaged in social change. We believe advances in contemporary social theory that are founded on a critique of modernity and that articulate a coherent theory of practice should be considered when addressing these critical challenges.

Global Health↗
PubMed2006

Distortion of some of the basic principles of public health practice in India.

India's political leadership has chosen personnel from the Indian Administrative Service cadre of generalist administrators and from the clinician-dominated cadre of the Central Health Services to run the country's health service system. The personnel's inadequate or distorted understanding of some of the basic principles of public health practice--such as developing an epidemiological approach to solving community health problems, choice of appropriate technology, and optimization of health service systems--has had a very deleterious effect on the health service system. These administrators have become vulnerable to manipulation by personnel from international agencies, who also have questionable public health credentials, to create space for imposition of their technocentric, ill-conceived, and ill-designed agenda. To rationalize adoption of such an obviously faulty agenda, they have to be ahistorical, apolitical, and atheoretical and indulge in misinformation, disinformation, and suppression and manipulation of information. This amounts to what Navarro has termed "intellectual fascism."

India↗
PubMed2003

Scheduling software in public health practice: from book to bytes and back.

Although greater emphasis is being placed on public health information transfer, little is known about its implementation in the field. To better understand the information needs of the public health workforce, semi-structured interviews were conducted at a country public health department. Preliminary investigation revealed the underutilization of available scheduling software in this setting. Privacy concerns and idiosyncratic scheduling patterns may have interfered with the adoption of commercially available scheduling software.

Ambulatory Care Facilities↗