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Interaction of water-soluble porphyrins with single- and double-stranded polyribonucleotides.

CD and uv-visible absorption studies with several tetracationic water-soluble porphyrin derivatives show that some of these species can serve as probes to discriminate between A- and B-conformational forms of single-stranded polynucleotides. It is also observed that these porphyrins can participate in the formation of double helices by forming transient intermediate complexes en-route to duplex formation.

Chemical Phenomena↗

Aminoacyl transfer from an adenylate anhydride to polyribonucleotides.

Imidazole catalysis of phenylalanyl transfer from phenylalanine adenylate anhydride to the hydroxyl groups of homopolyribonucleotides was investigated as a chemical model of the biochemical aminoacylation of tRNA. Imidazole catalyzed transfer of phenylalanine to poly(U) increases from pH 6.5 to 7.7 and decreases above pH 7.7. At pH 7.7 approximately 10% of the phenylalanyl residues are transferred to poly(U). At pH 7.1, transfer to poly(U) was five times as great as to poly(A) and transfer to a poly(A) poly(U) double helix was negligible. At pH 7.1 approximately 45 mole percent linkages to poly(U) were monomeric phenylalanine; the remainder of the linkages were peptides of phenylalanine. The number of linkages and their lability to base and neutral hydroxylamine indicates that phenylalanine and its peptides are attached as esters to the 2' hydroxyl groups throughout poly(U) and the 2' (3') hydroxyl groups at the terminus of poly(U). These results do model the contemporary process of aminoacyl transfer to tRNA and continue to suggest that a histidine residue is in the active site of aminoacyl-tRNA-synthetases.

Adenosine Monophosphate↗

Inhibition of bovine and human brain 2':3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase by heparin and polyribonucleotides and evidence for an associated 5'-polynucleotide kinase activity.

The present paper establishes a 5'-polynucleotide kinase activity associated with the bovine and human brain enzyme 2':3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (EC 3.1.4.37) in addition to known extremely high hydrolysis rates against 2':3'-cyclic nucleotides. Modulation of the enzyme activity by the addition of polyadenylate (5') and polyuridylate (5'), histone F3, myelin basic protein (MBP), and other basic molecules suggest that RNA may be the natural substrate for both enzymes. These enzymes, isolated from brain and present in very high activities in oligodendrocytes and in isolated myelin, probably have complex functions.

2',3'-Cyclic Nucleotide 3'-Phosphodiesterase↗