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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

A case of relapsing psittacosis associated with a stroke.

Psittacosis, caused by Chlamydia psittaci, is mainly associated with an atypical pneumonia. We report a case of psittacosis where onset of respiratory symptoms was soon followed by the onset of focal neurological signs, a very uncommon feature. Despite adequate treatment with erythromycin, the patient relapsed when re-exposed to a sick pet bird. A prolonged course of doxycycline led to resolution of the pneumonia, but it is important to recall that successful management must also include the elimination of the precipitating cause of the infection.

Aged↗
PubMed1970

Interferon induction by the psittacosis agent in Guinea pig leukocyte cultures.

High titers of interferon were induced by the psittacosis agent in guinea pig leukocyte cultures. Optimal yields of interferon were produced from freshly prepared guinea pig leukocyte cultures containing 4 x 10(6) cells per ml inoculated with a psittacosis/cell multiplicity of 1.0 and incubated at 35 C for 24 hr. Leukocytes obtained from 2- to 4-month-old guinea pigs produced 20 times more interferon than leukocytes from 3- to 4-week-old animals. The biological activity of interferon and the kinetics of its production from psittacosis-infected guinea pig leukocyte cultures were similar to those reported for virus-induced leukocyte interferons.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1987

Psittacosis: diagnosis and management of severe pneumonia and multi organ failure.

Two patients were admitted directly to our Intensive Care Unit in acute respiratory failure due to pneumonia with septicaemic shock, renal and hepatic impairment. Sputum and blood cultures failed to grow any organisms and despite broad spectrum antibiotic therapy for 7 days, neither patient improved. Diagnosis of the rare pneumonic form of psittacosis was made following a raised titre. After treatment with tetracyclines, both patients made a rapid recovery. Retrospective direct questioning revealed that they had close contact with psitacine birds.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1995

Chlamydial psittacosis during pregnancy: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Chlamydia psittaci infection typically causes a mild influenza-like illness in humans. However, during pregnancy, this disease may present with severe headache, hypoxemia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, hepatic dysfunction, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Limited reports of ovine-acquired psittacosis indicate appreciable maternal-fetal morbidity and mortality. CASE: A 19-year-old woman, gravida 1, para 0, at 32 weeks and 3 days' gestation developed C psittaci pneumonia after exposure to a parakeet. Worsening maternal respiratory status, development of a coagulopathy, and fetal compromise prompted cesarean delivery. CONCLUSION: Avian strains of C psittaci can cause atypical pneumonia during pregnancy. Massive placental infection with impaired placental perfusion may ensue subsequently. Given the serious nature of the disease and the ineffectiveness of erythromycin treatment, administration of tetracyclines may be justified, despite the possible adverse fetal effects. With persistent disease, early delivery of the fetus may provide good maternal and fetal outcomes.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Family outbreaks of psittacosis in Israel.

Eight family outbreaks of clinical or subclinical psittacosis in Israel after exposure to infected birds were studied. Throat cultures for Chlamydia psittaci and serological tests for Chlamydia species, including strain TWAR, were obtained from 37 people. Cloacal smears and cultures of internal organs for C psittaci were taken from 9 dead birds. 62% of the people studied had symptoms, and 67% of the birds that died had previously been sick. Evidence for acute C psittaci infection was found in 81% of patients (30/37). Diagnosis was established in 22 by isolation of the causal organism from throat cultures and in 8 by positive IgM serology (reciprocal titre greater than or equal to 8) with evidence of acute seroconversion or clinical findings compatible with the disease, or both. No serological evidence for acute TWAR infection was found. All birds studied had microbiological evidence of C psittaci infection, and most had abnormal findings on necropsy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

An outbreak of psittacosis in a boys' boarding school.

In 1980, an outbreak of a mild illness involving twenty pupils and four adults in a boys' boarding school was identified serologically as psittacosis. Intensive epidemiological investigations did not uncover the source. It is suggested either that sources of chlamydia other than avian exist, which may produce a milder illness than the avian type, or that human-to-human spread of a mild form of chlamydiosis occurs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Fulminant psittacosis requiring mechanical ventilation and demonstrating serological cross-reactivity between Legionella longbeachae and Chlamydia psittaci.

Chlamydia psittaci infection typically causes a mild respiratory illness in humans. Severe respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation or intensive care therapy is an uncommon development. The aetiological agents causing severe community acquired pneumonia often remain undetermined. Serological tests may aid in diagnosis. We present two cases of fulminant psittacosis, one demonstrating early cross-reactivity with Legionella longbeachae.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Psittacosis with increased gammadelta T cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.

Experience with two cases of psittacosis is described here in which the number of gammadelta T cell receptor-positive T lymphocytes (gammadelta T cell) in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was markedly increased (25.1 and 66.9%) and CD8+ T cells were also increased with reversal of the CD4/CD8 ratio. These values improved to the normal range along with recovery of their radiographical findings. The present findings suggest that gammadelta T cells may play an important role in protection from lung injury caused by Chlamydia psittaci infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1956

Latent viral infection of cells in tissue culture. II. Relationship of cell nutrition to initiation of growth of psittacosis virus.

When chick embryo tissues cultivated for 13 days in Hanks's balanced salt solution (BSS) were infected with psittacosis virus (6BC), they did not support active viral multiplication until synthetic medium 199 of Parker (3) was added. By testing various combinations of the substances in this and other synthetic media, it was found that the minimum number of compounds required to effectively stimulate virus growth in the presence of BSS comprised the amino acids and water-soluble vitamins found in medium 199. Addition of either amino acids or water-soluble vitamins alone to BSS resulted in only slight stimulation of viral proliferation. Many constituents of the synthetic media were found not to be essential to the stimulation of viral multiplication. The following substances added to a medium containing amino acids and water-soluble vitamins in BSS failed to increase the quantity of virus produced: diphosphopyridine nucleotide (DPN), triphosphopyridine nucleotide (TPN), coenzyme A, the fat-soluble vitamins, ribose sugars, and three biological reducing agents: cysteine, glutathione, and ascorbic acid. Among other substances that proved to be not essential a group of purines and pyrimidines present in medium 199 were found to be probably toxic to cells in the concentrations used, since virus titers were lower in media containing these compounds than in those from which they were absent. A change in the nutritional status of these cells involving amino acids and water-soluble vitamins has thus permitted to transform a latent, undetectable viral infection to an inactive infection in vitro.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1951

Studies on the psittacosis-lymphogranuloma group. 1. The pattern of multiplication of meningopneumonitis virus in the allantois of the chick embryo.

Because of the peculiar properties of the psittacosis-lymphogranuloma group of viruses, the pattern of multiplication in the allantois of the chick embryo of one of their number, meningopneumonitis virus, was studied. This was done by determination of the changes in its infectivity for mice and chick embryos. Titration of infectivity in embryos proved to be a more sensitive procedure than titration in mice; the latter procedure however, had the advantage of greater simplicity and gave more clear-cut results. The mouse titration method was used in most of the experiments. Following inoculation of virus into the allantois, there was a slow decrease in infectivity in the allantoic fluids followed by an increase due to appearance of new virus between 24 and 48 hours. The slope of declining infectivity in the allantoic fluids in ovo was similar if not identical with the slope of decreasing infectivity in allantoic fluids in vitro caused by thermal degradation of virus. Multiplication of the virus in allantoic membranes was characterized by the following pattern: (a) Increase in infectivity in the first few hours (exact duration of increase depended on concentration of virus in inoculum) due to adsorption of virus. (b) Decrease in infectivity up to about 20 to 24 hours. (c) Increase in infectivity due to appearance of the new generation of virus. The growth curve of meningopneumonitis is analyzed and the pattern of growth is discussed in the light of the present concepts of viral multiplication.

Allantois↗
PubMed1998

Detection of chlamydiosis in a shipment of pet birds, leading to recognition of an outbreak of clinically mild psittacosis in humans.

Avian chlamydiosis was detected in a shipment of > 700 pet birds from a Florida bird distributor that were sold to nine Atlanta-area pet stores in August 1995. Respiratory illness among persons who had recently acquired birds from this shipment was reported to local public health officials. The attack rate of acute respiratory illness was 10.7% among persons in households exposed to birds from the implicated flock vs. 1.8% among control households (odds ratio, 6.60; 95% confidence interval, 1.39-31.2). Illness and serological evidence of infection in the absence of symptoms were more common among persons in households with recently purchased birds that were sick or that had died and among persons who had had direct contact with the birds. Clinical psittacosis or serological evidence of Chlamydia psittaci infection was found in 30.7% of households with birds from the infected flock. Mild illnesses and asymptomatic infections in exposed persons were unusual features of this outbreak.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

An outbreak of psittacosis in Minnesota turkey industry workers: implications for modes of transmission and control.

From June through November 1986, an outbreak of psittacosis occurred in turkey industry workers in central Minnesota. A total of 186 suspect cases were identified, and 122 cases (66%) were serologically confirmed. Cases occurred in three turkey processing plants, two rendering plants, one farm, and one "further processing" plant (where meat is removed from previously eviscerated carcasses and consumer products, such as roasts, are made). As in previous outbreaks, workers exposed to the viscera of infected birds were at greatest risk of becoming infected. However, our data showed that 31 (25%) of the confirmed cases occurred in workers at the further processing plant who had contact only with previously eviscerated carcasses. Although the specific source of infection and the mode of transmission in these workers are unclear, the use of gloves and masks by all processing workers during an outbreak might help to limit exposure. Control measures, which focused on identifying and treating ill turkey flocks, were initiated in early September; however, cases continued to occur in turkey industry workers through November. One of the flocks suspected of causing illness appeared healthy and, therefore, was not treated. Chlamydia psittaci infection in this flock was confirmed by culture after the flock had been processed. A rapid test for diagnosing C. psittaci infection in turkey flocks at the time of processing might be useful in preventing exposure of large numbers of workers.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

An outbreak of psittacosis due to Chlamydophila psittaci genotype A in a veterinary teaching hospital.

An outbreak of psittacosis in a veterinary teaching hospital was recognized in December 2004. Outbreak management was instituted to evaluate the extent of the outbreak and to determine the avian source. Real-time PCR, serologic testing and sequencing of the ompA gene of Chlamydophila psittaci were performed. Sputum samples from patients, throat-swab samples from exposed students and staff, and faecal specimens from parrots and pigeons were tested. In this outbreak, 34 % (10/29) of the tested individuals were infected. The clinical features of the infection ranged from none to sepsis with multi-organ failure requiring intensive-care-unit admission. C. psittaci genotype A was identified as the outbreak strain. Parrots, recently exposed to a group of cockatiels coming from outside the teaching facility, which were used in a practical class, appeared to be the source of the outbreak. One of the tested pigeons harboured an unrelated C. psittaci genotype B strain. The microbiological diagnosis by real-time PCR on clinical specimens allowed for rapid outbreak management; subsequent genotyping of the isolates identified the avian source. Recommendations are made to reduce the incidence and extent of future outbreaks.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

67Gallium uptake in psittacosis infection.

67Gallium citrate isotope scanning was performed in a febrile patient with pneumonitis and hepatitis who was later shown to have psittacosis. Focal isotope uptake was detected in both lungs in the absence of radiological changes. There was no enhanced concentration in the liver where inflammatory cell infiltration was slight.

Female↗
PubMed1994

[A case report of psittacosis and chlamydial isolation from a patient].

A 48-year-old female was seen at our hospital after having a severe fever of nearly 40 degrees C, for a period of 9 days. She complained of pain in the left side of her chest. An X-ray examination revealed a slight infiltration of the upper and middle lung fields. At this time, it was learned that the women's pet bird had recently died. This case was diagnosed as acute pneumonia due to psittacosis. Therefore the administration of Roxithromycin was started. After a few day her condition improved. During the course of treatment, serum was taken and a throat swab was done. A micro-immunofluorescence (MIF) test was performed to check the serum antibody levels against Chlamydia psittaci. The serum titer rose from 1:8 to 1:256 in 15 days after admission. The final diagnosis was made after positive isolation of C. psittaci by means of the cell culture method.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[A case of fulminant psittacosis necessitating mechanical ventilation diagnosed by chlamydial isolation form BALF].

A 51-year-old female was admitted with complaints of fever and general fatigue. Chest X-ray showed diffuse bilateral fine nodular shadows and infiltrates. Complication of hepatic and muscular injury was suspected from increased levels of GOT, GPT and CPK in the serum. Arterial blood gas analysis revealed hypoxemia. Because hypoxemia aggravated despite treatment with intravenous minocycline (200 mg/day), corticosteroids and mechanical ventilation were started, and the administration of minocycline (400 mg/day) and sparfloxacin was added. Consequent, chest X-rays and several laboratory data improved gradually. The final diagnosis was established with a significant rise of both IgG and IgM antibody against Chlamydia psittaci with MIF and identification of Chlamydia with the cell culture method. Chlamydia was successfully isolated from BALF of this patient obtained 5 days after commencement of minocycline treatment. Psittacosis should be considered as a possible cause of severe respiratory failure necessitating emergency care including mechanical ventilation.

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid↗