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First person account: how insight poetry helped me to overcome my illness.
The article that follows is part of the Schizophrenia Bulletin's ongoing First Person Account series. We hope that mental health professionals--the Bulletin's primary audience--will take this opportunity to learn about the issues and difficulties confronted by consumers of mental health care. In addition, we hope that these accounts will give patients and families a better sense of not being alone in confronting the problems that can be anticipated by persons with serious emotional difficulties. We welcome other contributions from patients, ex-patients, or family members. Our major editorial requirement is that such contributions be clearly written and organized, and that a novel or unique aspect of schizophrenia be described, with special emphasis on points that will be important for professionals. Clinicians who see articulate patients with experiences they believe should be shared might encourage these patients to submit their articles to Schizophrenia Bulletin, First Person Accounts, EEI Communications, 66 Canal Center Plaza, Suite 200, Alexandria, VA 22314.--The Editors.
Using poetry in the classroom.
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Can poetry make better doctors? Teaching the humanities and arts to medical students and residents at the University of California, Irvine, College of Medicine.
The Program in Medical Humanities & Arts at the University of California, Irvine, College of Medicine has been in existence for five years. The program was implemented to enhance aspects of professionalism including empathy, altruism, compassion, and caring toward patients, as well as to hone clinical communication and observational skills. It contains elective or required curriculum across all four years of medical school and required curriculum in two residency programs, organized according to structural principles of horizontal coherence, vertical complexity, and patient care applications. The program emphasizes small-group, interdisciplinary teaching and faculty development, and is notable for learners' use of creative projects to reflect on patients and themselves. Evaluation of the program indicates a positive response among learners. More systematic studies point to increases in empathy and positive attitudes toward the humanities as tools for professional development as a result of exposure to the program curriculum. Future directions include closer collaboration with the University of California, Irvine, Schools of the Arts and Humanities, involvement of local artists and writers, and development of a graduation with distinction in humanities for medical students.
Word use in the poetry of suicidal and nonsuicidal poets.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether distinctive features of language could be discerned in the poems of poets who committed suicide and to test two suicide models by use of a text-analysis program. METHOD: Approximately 300 poems from the early, middle, and late periods of nine suicidal poets and nine nonsuicidal poets were compared by use of the computer text analysis program, Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC). Language use within the poems was analyzed within the context of two suicide models. RESULTS: In line with a model of social integration, writings of suicidal poets contained more words pertaining to the individual self and fewer words pertaining to the collective than did those of nonsuicidal poets. In addition, the direction of effects for words pertaining to communication was consistent with the social integration model of suicide. CONCLUSIONS: The study found support for a model that suggests that suicidal individuals are detached from others and are preoccupied with self. Furthermore, the findings suggest that linguistic predictors of suicide can be discerned through text analysis.
ECT in poetry.
We sought to identify poems about Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and describe their major themes, with a view to using some of those poems in clinical situations-for persons receiving ECT and their families-as well as for teaching purposes. Several poems were identified, eight almost exclusively about ECT and a number of other works containing references to the treatment. The poets, some of whom have won distinguished prizes, came from the United States, U.K., Australia, and Estonia. The poems included very positive accounts of ECT and more denigrating pieces. Some of the themes covered by the poems were the desperate plight of persons prior to ECT, the potentially striking beneficial effects of the treatment, fears about the use of electricity, ECT procedure, and memory impairment, and the stigma associated with the treatment.
ECT in Poetry: In a Lighter Vein.
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Nursing and poetry don't mix.
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References to the problems of aging in eighteenth-century Scottish poetry.
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Poetry in leadership: an enhancer of relationships.
Nursing is multidimensional, interactive, interdisciplinary, and complex. Almost anything that can be said about nursing can be said another way. Some things worth being said and heard will not follow the norms of journal presentation. A forum accommodates the emerging voice, the new format, the innovative approach. Nursing Forum, in an effort to honor the "independent voice" in nursing, presents here the voice who elects to enter the dialogue, but who does so "in another way."
The sounds of poetry viewed as music.
An extended parallel is developed between musical and prosodic structures, using the author's cognitively oriented music theory and recent work in generative phonology. For illustration, the sounds of a short poem by Robert Frost are treated entirely in musical terms. The poem is assigned a phonological stress grid and then musical grouping and meter. These structures enable a durational realization. Phonological stress also helps assign the poem's normative melodic contour. Finally, the similarities and differences in sound repetition are given hierarchical structure by means of musical prolongational theory. These formal parallels suggest a corresponding realization in brain localization and function. Evidence from the neuropsychological literature is cited in support of this view. The picture emerges that grouping, meter, duration, contour, and timbral similarity are mind/brain systems shared by music and language, whereas linguistic syntax and semantics and musical pitch relations are systems not shared by the two domains.
Subject matter and poetic devices in psychotics' poetry.
It has long been supposed that there is a connection between the mental processes of psychosis and those of creativity. The present study aimed to investigate this idea by means of a comparison between the poetic output of psychotics and that of normals, taking as its starting-point the notion that if there are observable differences between these two groups in terms of subject matter and linguistic features, this would suggest that creativity and psychosis are not to be identified with each other. Eighty poems by contemporary, non-professional poets (40 by psychotics and 40 by normals) were analysed on 11 different dimensions. The two samples of poems were highly similar on most of the dimensions investigated. The main differences found were in the incidence of self-analysis as a theme, reference to proper names and specific locations, and in the proportion of metaphors which fell into the category 'psychological/physical'. The two latter differences appeared to be largely a product of the first. It was concluded that although 'normal' and 'psychotic' poetic activities are not identical, they are closely related. This may be either because general poetic creativity does have psychotic features, or because the poetic function of language was relatively spared in at least this sample of psychotics.
Keats--the man, medicine and poetry.
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A potpourri of parasites in poetry and proverb.
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The use of poetry in health care ethics education.
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[Effects of speech therapy with poetry on heart rate variability and well-being].
BACKGROUND: Anthroposophical Therapeutic Speech uses poems and exercises which typically induce rhythmical breathing. Speaking influences respiration and thus directly heart rate variability (HRV), in particular via respiratory sinus arrhythmia which, together with the slower rhythms of HRV, may be regarded as an indicator of sympathovagal balance. In chronomedicine numerous frequency ratios between physiological rhythms, especially in trophotropic phases, have been established. Integer ratios occur frequently and seem to be associated with the optimization of physiological processes. In larger groups the average pulse respiration quotient is about 4:1. QUESTION: Can systematic effects on HRV, and thus on autonomic balance, be established through special speech therapy? SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In two trained therapists and 7 untrained subjects the influence of different speech exercises and texts on HRV was investigated. With untrained subjects a total of 105 one-hour sessions, divided into speech and control exercises, was performed. The overall well-being and quality of well-being were assessed with questionnaires. Control evaluations were made in the same setting. RESULTS: As a simultaneous effect, during speech exercises and texts typical intra- and inter-individually reproducible patterns in heart rate variability were observed. Reciting poems with a hexameter metric generates 2 oscillations with a 2:1 frequency ratio in the HRV spectrum. As immediate effects there were a significant drop in heart rate after speech sessions as well as a strengthening of vagus-related HRV parameters, especially after hexameter exercises. In comparison to control sessions the subjects felt significantly better, too. The different metric and poetic character of the texts was reflected clearly in the results.