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Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

A pharmacy intervention program: recognizing pharmacy's contribution to improving patient care.

An on-line pharmacy intervention program developed to document and evaluate pharmacist's contribution to patient care is described. Over a 1-year period, the number and types of interventions and their impact on patient care were collated and reviewed by a clinical coordinator. Two thousand four hundred ninety-nine interventions were recorded. The most common types of interventions were order clarification/change (18%), pharmacokinetic consult (16%), chart review (13%), restricted drug follow-up (8%), discharge medication screen (7%), initiate drug therapy (6%), drug information (5%), discontinued drug (4%), and therapeutic alternative (4%). There were 3459 impact codes assigned to these interventions. Forty-one percent decreased toxicity, 35% increased efficacy, 17% decreased cost, 16% avoided allergy or drug interaction, 8% improved compliance, and 22% were classified as other. Our analysis found that pharmacy interventions elevated the standard of care and prevented major organ damage and potentially life-threatening events. This program shows that pharmacists play a significant role in improving patient outcomes.

Cancer Care Facilities↗
PubMed1981

Training hospital pharmacy technicians: joint effort by departments of education and pharmacy.

The cooperative development and initiation of a one-year pharmacy technician training program is described. The hospital's pharmacy and education departments formulated goals and objectives for the didactic and clinical areas of the program and developed methods to evaluate student competency and the program itself. The training for first class of students consisted of three months of didactic instruction, one month of laboratory experience, and eight months of on-the-job training. The program includes an observation of medication administration which is designed to increase the student's awareness of the entire medication process.

Connecticut↗
PubMed2006

Pharmacy diabetes care program: analysis of two screening methods for undiagnosed type 2 diabetes in Australian community pharmacy.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of two methods of screening for undiagnosed type 2 diabetes in Australian community pharmacy. METHODS: A random sample of 30 pharmacies were allocated into two groups: (i) tick test only (TTO); or (ii) sequential screening (SS) method. Both methods used the same initial risk assessment for type 2 diabetes. Subjects with one or more risk factors in the TTO group were offered a referral to their general practitioner (GP). Under the SS method, patients with risk factors were offered a capillary blood glucose test and those identified as being at risk referred to a GP. The effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of these approaches was assessed. RESULTS: A total of 1286 people were screened over a period of 3 months. The rate of diagnosis of diabetes was significantly higher for SS compared with the TTO method (1.7% versus 0.2%; p=0.008). The SS method resulted in fewer referrals to the GP and a higher uptake of referrals than the TTO method and so was the more cost-effective screening method. CONCLUSIONS: SS is the superior method from a cost and efficacy perspective. It should be considered as the preferred option for screening by community based pharmacists in Australia.

Australia↗
PubMed2000

Home care pharmacy: extending clinical pharmacy services beyond infusion therapy.

A clinical pharmacy program was developed at an established home health care (HHC) agency to demonstrate the need for clinical pharmacy services in the HHC population and to explore opportunities for providing pharmaceutical care beyond infusion-related therapies. Initial experiences of this pilot project are described. Patients were found to be primarily elderly (mean age, 70 years) and to use a substantial number of medications. While only 11% of patients referred to the agency required infusion therapy, multiple opportunities for pharmacist involvement in patient care were identified and a variety of projects were undertaken. A drug information service was developed, a retrospective evaluation of patients with congestive heart failure led to an interventional study, a cisapride intervention was implemented, home vancomycin monitoring was assessed, pharmaceutical care services were provided to patients enrolled in a long-term home care program, a pain management initiative was begun, adverse drug reactions were identified and reported, and pharmacists participated in agency policy development. Preliminary data suggest that pharmacist involvement positively affected patient care. Drug information was provided on 232 occasions. Cisapride was discontinued in five patients with contraindications to the agent. Comprehensive pharmacotherapy assessments were performed on 29 long-term-care patients, generating 129 therapy recommendations of which 33% were accepted. Pharmacists working with a home care agency identified numerous opportunities for improving patient care. Many of the patients receiving home care services were elderly, took a substantial number of medications, and were at risk for drug-related problems and suboptimal therapy.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The implementation of comprehensive critical care pharmacy services through the development of a 24-hour satellite pharmacy.

This report details the evolution of pharmacy services within the critical care areas of a large general hospital. The program began with the assignment of a clinical pharmacist to the intensive care unit and now includes a staff of six pharmacists operating from a 24-hour satellite pharmacy dedicated to critical care services. In the process a system has been developed which allows all staff to function in an integrated distributive-clinical role, eliminating the distinction between pharmacists performing these two separate functions. The system provides for total unit dose and IV admixture services as well as in-depth clinical monitoring, drug information and research responsibilities. Early impressions validate the success of this approach and objective evaluation, including the auditing of clinical input, is underway.

Critical Care↗
PubMed2005

Content of home pharmacies and self-medication practices in households of pharmacy and medical students in Zagreb, Croatia: findings in 2001 with a reference to 1977.

AIM: To evaluate the content of household drug supplies and self-medication practice among medical and pharmacy students at Zagreb University in 2001, and to relate the findings to a previous survey in 1977. METHODS: A cross-sectional anonymous questionnaire-based survey included 287 students who inventoried drug supplies in their family households and interviewed the household members on drug keeping and self-medication practice. An identical methodology was used in 1977 (n=225). RESULTS: In 2001, healthcare professionals were present in 37% of the surveyed households (33% in 1977). At least one drug was found in every household. Drugs were kept at a designated place ("home pharmacy") in 68% of the households (65% in 1977). Drugs past expiry dates and/or with purpose unknown to the household members were reported in 27% of the households (32% in 1977). The most frequently found drugs were non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that were present in 97% of the households (93% in 1977), and were followed by antibiotics found in 46% of the households (40% in 1977). Self-medication of NSAIDs was practiced in 88% of the households in which they were found (95% in 1977), whereas self-medication of antibiotics was practiced in 37% of the households in which they were found (41% in 1977). CONCLUSION: Accumulation of drugs was common in the surveyed households. Self-medication of over-the-counter drugs was a routine practice, and self-medication of prescription drugs was practiced in many households. No major difference in this respect was found between the 2001 and 1977 surveys.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rewards and advancements for clinical pharmacy practitioners. American College of Clinical Pharmacy.

It is important to recognize that pharmacy practice models are changing quickly. Although the concepts of pharmaceutical care depict all pharmacists as clinical practitioners, there are still significant opportunities for individuals to develop advanced and refined skills and knowledge, and to seek recognition. Criteria for professional advancement need to be reevaluated and modified periodically. As departments become more effective in implementing pharmaceutical care, and practice skills advance, criteria for advancement must be updated. Recognition and advancement within newer models of practice such as patient focus units, clinical path teams, and quality improvement teams complicate assessment and evaluation strategies. In the future, pharmacy managers will need to look at reward and advancement systems that incorporate the recommendations of the team manager or members for these newer models of practice. Perhaps there will be a shift in responsibility for recognition to the team manager. Career ladders may need to provide for new roles, and reward practitioners for behaviors not currently represented in most departmental performance evaluations. Performance evaluation, standards of practice, and advancement criteria will need to be carefully reviewed and integrated with the patient focus team's objectives, structure, and processes to assure that appropriate recognition is given to pharmacists in this exciting new environment. Career ladders provide one form of reward and advancement for practitioners. Institutions can include many elements of career ladder process, function, and structure, as well as implement many other management tools for reward and recognition, without implementing a complete career ladder.

Career Mobility↗
PubMed1994

[Social pharmacy in pharmacy education].

Social pharmacy as the only pharmaceutical interdisciplinary field deals in its full scope with the problems of pharmacy und medicines in society. The paper presents the definition of the field and the scope of problems concerned both in teaching and research. The development in the Czech Republic and further prospects of the field in the education of pharmacists in the Czech Republic with regard to the current trends in the world are discussed.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1985

Pharmacy continuing education--its value to hospital pharmacy practice.

A survey was mailed nationally to all hospitals with over 300 beds. A portion of the questionnaire focused on the academic training of current directors and their perceptions regarding continuing education. Less than 50 percent of the respondents perceived C.E. as being beneficial to them as a hospital pharmacy administrator. It is apparent from the survey results that there is a group of pharmacists who are not receiving the benefits desired from C.E. Recommendations are made that will increase the opportunities for management training for all pharmacists.

Education, Pharmacy, Continuing↗
PubMed1975

The pharmacy college as a pharmacy service "corporation".

A program of providing contract pharmaceutical services to health care facilities by a college of pharmacy is described. Services are provided to ten facilities: five hospitals, three mental health centers, a free-standing cancer clinic and a primary care center. The initial development of the concept, the lines of authority between the college and the facilities, the nature of the contractual agreements, and the benefits of the program are discussed. Among the benefits are the development of advanced drug distribution systems and clinical services, secure positions for clinical faculty members, the availability of the college's resources to the health care facilities, training and employment opportunities for students, and the good will created by improved health services.

Education, Pharmacy↗
PubMed1988

[Research schools in pharmacy. 1. Theory and methods in research schools in pharmacy; 29. The history of pharmaceutical science].

Part 1: On the theory and the methodology of research schools Contributions on the History of pharmaceutical science, part 29. The paper is the first part of an extensive investigation about the development of research schools of pharmacy. The major purpose of this part is to give a definition of pharmaceutical research schools and a methodology for the historical study of research schools. In trying to postulate and analyse the most propitious conditions by which a research school could flourish in the time from the end of the 18th century to the end of the 20th century, we have clearly take into account aspects, chief elements, such as the director or teacher, the scientific programme the students, the research conditions and the public and social recognition. To this aspects is given a methodological-programme for the historical analysis.

Germany, East↗
PubMed1978

Duplicate prescription system to facilitate communication between a hospital pharmacy and community pharmacies.

A duplicate prescription system which enables a university hospital pharmacist to fill a copy of the prescription and return the original prescription to the patient for obtaining continuing supplies in his local community is described. The system is based on a prescription form and carbon duplicate with designated space for notations, and clarifications by the pharmacist. Instructions for use of the form and a statement that the prescription copy cannot be filled legally at any other pharmacy assures that the system will not be misused. The system helps assure that an initial quantity of medication is obtained by the patient before he leaves the hospital. Time spent by patients and prescribers in establishing initial and continuing supplies of medication is decreased under the system. The system is of substantial benefit to patients and health care providers.

Drug Prescriptions↗
PubMed1982

Characterization of pharmacy workload and pharmacist activities in a Canadian community pharmacy.

The present study was undertaken to obtain data which would characterize pharmacist activities and prescription workload in a community pharmacy. Data on pharmacist activities were obtained by using a work sampling methodology. The proportion of time spent on each of 44 activities was obtained, and it was found that the proportion of time spent on professional activities (17.6 percent) was notably less than the time spent on nonprofessional activities (82.4 percent). Data on prescription workload were obtained by the design of a data sheet which was to be completed by each pharmacist for every prescription dispensed. The collected data characterized the number of prescriptions dispensed, which were related to the time of day and day of the week; they also provided information on the types of prescriptions dispensed, the age of patients (e.g., pediatric, geriatric), and the methods of payment.

Canada↗
PubMed2005

Business issues in the pharmacy. Managing pharmacy costs.

With the annual inflation rate in their pharmacies at or near double-digits, hospital leaders are demanding better data, questioning why drug formularies are often ignored and urging pharmacists to take the initiative in identifying ways to save on costs.

Budgets↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[CD-ROM and pharmacy: a new means of accessing information. I. Characteristics and analysis of CD-ROMs of interest to pharmacy].

CD-ROMs represent a new data medium which is not used enough by health professionals. This survey aimed to list current CD-ROMs useful in pharmacy field with their main characteristics. Thus, databases and directories from health information providers were consulted. A database was then made in order to exploit data collected as well as possible. The following section detailed the results of the survey: 205 CD-ROMs were selected, 95% are bibliographic or full-text data, 94% use English language, 84% present international information, 82% allow us previous years information retrieval, 65% are updated at least every three months, 97% work on PC computers, 74% are provided by american companies.

CD-ROM↗