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Results for “Oxamic Acid”

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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Contact lens-induced edema in vitro--amelioration by lactate dehydrogenase inhibitors.

Isolated rabbit corneas bathed in Krebs-bicarbonate Ringer solution were observed for thickness changes after a 90 minute equilibration period. Control corneas swelled an average of 0.5 micron/hr, and placement of a polymethylmechacrylate (PMMA) contact lens on the epithelial surface caused the corneas to swell 24.5 microns/hr, an effect similar to 0.5 mM epithelial cyanide exposure. The pronounced swelling induced by PMMA lens placement was much less however, in the epithelial presence of 3.2 mM sodium oxalate (3.22 microns/hr) or 3.2 mM sodium oxamate (5.38 microns/hr). An equiosmotic excess of 4.8 mM NaCl was least active (15.89 microns/hr). On normal isolated corneas (without contact lenses), the Ringer containing an excess of 4.8 mM NaCl significantly deswelled the corneas (-13.44 microns/hr), which contrasted with oxalate and oxamate containing Ringer solutions (1.17 and 1.33 micron/hr respectively). The present study supports the notion that contact lens-induced edema results from stromal lactate accumulation, and suggests a potential alternative to osmotic therapy for its amelioration. These LDH inhibitors, in the concentrations used, have no acute osmotic or toxic effect on normal corneas in vitro.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1983

Thermodynamic studies of the activation of rabbit muscle lactate dehydrogenase by phosphate.

In an attempt to trace the source of phosphate activation of the enzyme-catalysed pyruvate-lactate interconversion by rabbit muscle lactate dehydrogenase, equilibrium constants were measured to examine the effects of phosphate on interactions pertinent to the enzymic process. Frontal gel-chromatographic studies of the binding of NADH to the enzyme established that the intrinsic association constant is doubled in the presence of 50 mM-phosphate in the buffer (pH 7.4, I0.15). From kinetic studies of the competition between NAD+ and NADH for the coenzyme-binding sites of the enzyme it is concluded that the binding of oxidized nicotinamide nucleotide is also doubled in the presence of 50 mM-phosphate. Competitive-inhibition studies and fluorescence-quenching measurements indicated the lack of a phosphate effect on ternary-complex formation between enzyme-NADH complex and oxamate, a substrate analogue of pyruvate. The equilibrium constant for the interaction between enzyme-NAD+ complex and oxalate, an analogue of lactate, was also shown, by difference spectroscopy, to be insensitive to phosphate concentration. Provided that the effects observed with the substrate analogues mimic those operative in the kinetic situation, the equilibrium constant governing the isomerization of ternary complex is also independent of phosphate concentration. It is concluded that enhanced coenzyme binding is the source of phosphate activation of the rabbit muscle lactate dehydrogenase system.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Stereoselective allyl amine synthesis through enantioselective addition of diethylzinc and [1,3]-chirality transfer: synthesis of lentiginosine and polyoxamic acid derivative.

A new synthetic method for the preparation of allyl amines has been developed. The key steps of this method are enantioselective addition of diethylzinc and [1,3]-chirality transfer through the [3.3] sigmatropic rearrangement of allyl cyanates. Stereocontrolled syntheses of lentiginosine (1) and polyoxamic acid derivative 2 from a common intermediate 7 derived from D-tartaric acid (8), have been accomplished.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1979

The metabolic fate of N-isopropyl-N-phenyloxamic acid in the rat and the milk goat.

Rats excreted the 14C from a single oral dose of N-isopropyl-N-[14C]phenyloxamic acid [I, a soil metabolite from 2-chloro-N-isopropylacetanilide (propachlor)] in approximately equal quantities in the urine (49.2%) and feces (48.2%). A milking goat given daily oral doses of [14C]-I (1 mg of I three times daily) excreted more 14C in the feces (56.6%) than it excreted in the urine. From both species, I accounted for 97 to 100% of the urinary 14C, and all of the 14C that was extractable from the feces (73 to 75% of the 14C in feces was extractable with methanol). Goat milk samples collected 16 hr after the last dose contained no detectable 14C. Tissue residues of 14C were determined.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed2000

The precursor strategy: terminus methoxyoxalamido modifiers for single and multiple functionalization of oligodeoxyribonucleotides.

Synthesis of new terminus modifiers, bearing, along with a phosphoramidite moiety, one, two or four methoxyoxalamido (MOX) precursor groups, is described. These modifiers are introduced onto the 5'-end of a synthetic oligodeoxyribonucleotide as the last step of an automated synthesis to form the MOX precursor oligonucleotide. The MOX groups are then post-synthetically derivatized with an appropriate primary amine to construct a 5'-modified oligonucleotide. The efficiency and simplicity of the novel modifying strategy were demonstrated in the synthesis of a number of 5'-functionalized oligonucleotides.

Indicators and Reagents↗
PubMed1978

Poisoning caused by inhalation of hydrogen chloride, phosphorus oxychloride, phosphorus pentachloride, oxalyl chloride, and oxalic acid.

Eleven people accidentally inhaled a significant amount of a gaseous mixture of hydrogen chloride, phosphorus oxychloride, phosphorus pentachloride, oxalyl chloride, and oxalic acid. Clinical observations and laboratory tests were recorded from the time of admission throughout hospitalization. The main abnormalities were found in the respiratory tract and consisted of clinical and physiologic evidence of obstruction of the airways, mild interstitial and alveolar edema, a defect in diffusion, and inequalities of ventilation and perfusion that produced hypoxemia. All of these cleared within a short time.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1978

N,N'-(Phenylene)dioxamic acids and their esters as antiallergy agents.

A series of dialkyl N,N'-(m-phenylene)dioxamates was synthesized by treatment of the requisite m-phenylenediamines with an alkyloxalyl chloride in the presence of triethylamine. Hydrolysis with sodium hydroxide solution gave the corresponding N,N'-(m-phenylene)dioxamic acids. Several N,N'-(p-phenylene)dioxamic acids were synthesized also in the same manner starting with the requisite p-phenylenediamines. These compounds were tested in the rat passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) assay. When tested iv, activity was found in the N,N'-(m-phenylene) dioxamic acids up to 2500 times that shown by disodium cromoglycate [50% inhibition at 0.001 mg/kg for N,N'-(2-chloro-5-cyano-m-phenylene)dioxamic acid (compound 61)]. Oral activity was seen in this series of compounds with duration of activity up to 120 min. Oral activity was detected in diethyl N,N'-(2-chloro-5-cyano-m-phenylene)dioxamate (compound 38) at levels of drug as low as 0.1 mg/kg.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1979

Oxalurate transport in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Oxalurate, the gratuitous inducer of the allantoin degradative enzymes, was taken into the cell by an energy-dependent active transport system with an apparent Km of 1.2 mM. Efflux of previously accumulated oxalurate was rapid, with a half-life of about 2 min. The oxalurate uptake system appears to be both constitutively produced and insensitive to nitrogen catabolite repression. The latter observations suggest that failure of oxalurate to bring about induction of allophanate hydrolase in cultures growing under repressive conditions does not result from inducer exclusion, but rather from repression of dur1,2 gene expression.

Allantoin↗
PubMed1985

The topical effects of Wy-41,195 [2-cyano-3-(methylamino)phenylamino] oxoacetic acid, sodium salt and disodium cromoglycate in the rat passive eyelid anaphylaxis.

Wy-41,195 demonstrated significant inhibitory effects (54-60%) when administered topically at 0.25-2% concentrations in a rat passive eyelid anaphylaxis assay. In contrast, topically applied disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) showed non significant inhibition at these concentrations. The potency of Wy-41,195 was more than 8 times greater than DSCG, and this compound may be an effective topical agent in man in preventing allergic and associated conditions.

Administration, Topical↗