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PubMed2000

Orthodontic extrusion and orthodontic extraction in preprosthetic treatment using implant therapy.

It has been well documented that orthodontic extrusion is a valuable adjunct to site preparation prior to implant placement. This treatment modality may also be utilized to salvage and restore an extensively damaged tooth for use as a natural abutment. By controlling the orthodontic phase, the hard and soft tissues can be manipulated into a position that permits aesthetic restoration. This article demonstrates the use of this procedure as an adjunct to site preparation and in conjunction with conventional restorative therapy.

Combined Modality Therapy↗

PubMed2006

Orthodontics in 3 millennia. Chapter 11: the golden age of orthodontics.

For orthodontists, the post-World War II era was characterized by the introduction of fluoridation, sit-down dentistry, and an upswing in extractions. Postwar prosperity, the baby boom, and increased enlightenment of parents contributed to what was later called the "golden age of orthodontics." The subsequent clamor for more orthodontists led to a proliferation of graduate departments and inauguration of the AAO Preceptorship Program. There was also an increase in mixed-dentition treatment, requiring improved methods of analyzing arch lengths.

Health Services Needs and Demand↗

PubMed1997

An American Board of Orthodontics case report: the nonsurgical orthodontic correction of a Class III malocclusion.

This is a case report of a patient with a skeletal Class III malocclusion and maxillary arch length deficiency. The patient was treated without extraction or surgery by increasing the maxillary arch length. Protraction of the maxillary complex and A point was the result. Favorable growth of both the maxilla and the mandible resulted in a functional Class I occlusion and an improved skeletal relationship. [This case report was presented to the American Board of Orthodontics in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the certification process conducted by the Board.]

Cephalometry↗

PubMed1989

Orthodontic treatment of the primary dentition for patients with clefts of lip, alveolus, and palate following presurgical orthodontics, labioplasty and palatoplasty.

In spite of presurgical orthodontic treatment, after a labio- and palatoplasty in continuous uni- and bilateral clefts of the lip, alveolus bone, and palate, anomalies of the dental arch, occlusion, jaw size and position can appear. This is favoured in cases without adequate retention of the upper dental arch through intercuspidation of the lower dental arch. These anomalies should be treated. The treatment of the malposition of the primary teeth is not of concern, but the termination of the forced sagittal and transverse mandibular displacements and thereby the coordination of the growth of the upper and lower jaw, which depend on each other.

Alveolar Process↗

PubMed1999

Some comments on clinical studies in orthodontics and their applications to orthodontic treatment.

This article indicates the origins and background of the current series of National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research-funded, university-based clinical studies of orthodontic treatment. It suggests that future studies should be less focused on refining our estimates of mean changes during treatment and concentrate research on the systematic analysis of individual differences among patients' responses to treatment, and study how skilled clinicians make in-course corrections in response to unexpected changes in treatment conditions. Finally, some suggestions are made concerning optimization of decision making in the presence of uncertainty.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗

PubMed1989

An American Board of Orthodontics case report. Orthodontic treatment of a patient born with a severe right unilateral cleft lip and palate.

The patient was born with a severe cleft of the right lip, alveolus, and palate. After surgical correction of these defects at a very young age, the patient began a 6-year period of active orthodontic treatment at the Eastman Dental Center. With the cooperation of the patient and his parents, successful results, both dentally and skeletally, have been achieved. The treatment results have been stable during the 3-year period following the initial placement of retention. The postretention records show a molar relationship within normal limits and some return of the original spacing located in the mandibular anterior segment. The bonded "Maryland bar" is still in place and the cast single-tooth partial is still being used. At the proper time, a fixed permanent bridge is planned.

Cephalometry↗

PubMed1989

Legal aspects of orthodontic practice: risk management concepts. Periodontal disease in orthodontic practice.

In this and succeeding issues of the American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, factual risk management scenarios will be presented. These scenarios are based on composites of actual court cases that have been tried to verdict or decision. Valuable risk management lessons may be learned from careful analysis of the course of the events described. Please be advised that the standard of care determined in any case is specific for that jurisdiction and that set of facts as established by expert testimony for the prevailing party.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Orthodontics in 3 millennia. Chapter 4: the professionalization of orthodontics (concluded).

Angle's legacy was assured when his disciples, both in the United States and abroad, boarded the joiners' bandwagon. The first 2 cornerstones of the professional pyramid were laid (education and organization), and the specialty began to pour the third cornerstone: orthodontic literature. Anthropologists, anatomists, histologists, and health professionals laid the foundation for the study of craniofacial growth.

Europe↗

PubMed2006

Psychiatry in orthodontics. Part 1: Typical adolescent psychiatric disorders and their relevance to orthodontic practice.

Adolescence is a time of rapid physical and mental development. It is also a time when many diagnosable psychiatric diseases are first noticed. A prior study showed that a high rate of suicidal behavior is seen in orthodontic practices. The orthodontist is in a unique position among medical practitioners because treatment occurs over several years with frequent appointments. This article is a current review of the etiology, diagnosis, and therapy for several pertinent mental disorders that occur in adolescents, including mood disorders, schizophrenia, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, personality disorders, and eating disorders. All have been associated with high rates of suicidal behavior and completed suicides. With a keen eye for the development of psychiatric issues, the orthodontist is in a position to make appropriate referrals, if needed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

Orthodontics in 3 millennia. Chapter 8: The cephalometer takes its place in the orthodontic armamentarium.

After World War II, cephalometric radiography came into widespread use, enabling orthodontists to measure changes in tooth and jaw positions produced by growth and treatment. Cephalometrics revealed that many malocclusions resulted from faulty jaw relationships, not just malposed teeth, and made it possible to see that jaw growth could be altered by orthodontic treatment. Since 1931, a multitude of analyses have been developed, whereby the face is inscribed in triangles, rectangles, and polygons, permitting the orthodontist to dissect the profile into an array of angular and distance measurements. Those who embraced too quickly these measurements as a panacea soon learned that they are best taken with a grain of good judgment.

Canada↗

PubMed1990

Legal aspects of orthodontic practice: risk management concepts. The uncooperative patient: terminating orthodontic care.

Continuity of Patient Care↗

PubMed1991

Legal aspects of orthodontic practice: risk management concepts. Disposing of your orthodontic practice: be careful.

Humans↗

PubMed1993

An American Board of Orthodontics case report: the orthodontic-surgical correction of a Class I malocclusion with high mandibular plane angle, bimaxillary protrusion, and vertical maxillary excess.

This is the case report of a 26-year-old black woman with a Class I malocclusion and a skeletal Class II profile and vertical maxillary excess. Extraction spaces were closed, creating a Class II malocclusion to augment anticipated surgery (LeFort I osteotomy and genioplasty). The treatment result provided outstanding occlusal function and optimal facial esthetics. Attention to detail was mandatory, i.e., identify the patient's chief complaint, provide treatment options to resolve the complaint, and treat and maintain the dentition as ideally as possible. [This case was presented to the American Board of Orthodontics in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the certification process conducted by the Board.]

Adult↗

PubMed1996

An American Board of Orthodontics case report: the orthodontic-surgical correction of a Class II malocclusion with anterior open bite.

This is the case report of a 39-year-old woman who presented with a skeletal Class II malocclusion, anterior open bite, and chronic temporomandibular disorder. Small maxillary lateral incisors and moderate mandibular anterior crowding led to the treatment plan, which involved extraction of a mandibular incisor. A combined orthodontic-surgical treatment plan resulted in greatly improved occlusal function and in a reduction of the patient's temporomandibular disorder symptoms.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Orthodontics. Part 8: Extractions in orthodontics.

Extractions in orthodontics remains a relatively controversial area. It is not possible to treat all malocclusions without taking out any teeth. The factors which affect the decision to extract include the patient's medical history, the attitude to treatment, oral hygiene, caries rates and the quality of teeth. Extractions of specific teeth are required in the various presentations of malocclusion. In some situations careful timing of extractions may result in spontaneous correction of the malocclusion.

Bicuspid↗

PubMed1978

The missing orthodontic elastic band, a periodontic-orthodontic dilemma.

A review of the literature and a case report are presented, documenting and illustrating the effect that gingivally retained orthodontic elastic bands have on the periodontal tissues. Until a harmless radiopaque medium can be safely incorporated into elastic bands, extreme caution in their use should be observed. Not only should all attempts be made to anchor the elastic bands to the clinical crown, but the patient should receive thorough instructions in their placement and removal. The dentist should include frequent examinations as part of his treatment regimen.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

[Orthodontic awareness of the parents whose children suffer from cleft palate and are treated at orthodontic clinics--preliminary communication].

Cleft palate or lip constitutes circa 65% of congenital developmental anomalies in facial skeleton. This defect requires a long, complicated and team treatment, which calls for the parents' sufficient knowledge and awareness. We checked what opinions and knowledge concerning the treated defect of their children the parents have. The children were treated in the Orthodontic Clinic in Zabrze. The survey was conducted in 230 families. Beside answering the typical demographic questions the people were asked to describe the type of defect, give the reasons for its appearance and its influence on the child's life. In all cases the parents correctly defined the type of defect. Most of their knowledge came from conversations/consultations with doctors, only a small percentage gained knowledge from other sources (books, brochures, etc.). When analysing the parents' answers one can notice that there's little knowledge concerning the cause of the cleft. Whereas they seem to have more knowledge regarding the treatment, complications and the child's functioning within the society. The fact that the people directly affected by this problem have such a small knowledge of the causes of cleft indicates a need for broader education. It seems that a possible preventive educational action concerning the factors increasing the risk of cleft occurrence, the possibilities to eliminate the danger and necessity of treatment should concentrate on small towns and villages.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

PubMed1991

[Combined orthodontic and surgical approach to dentofacial abnormalities--coordination of orthodontic and orthognathic therapy. 1].

Correction of dentofacial deformities requires a high standard of teamwork between the orthodontist, the oral surgeon and the general dentist. Both, orthodontist and maxillofacial surgeon must establish a combined treatment plan and a time schedule. The treatment goal of presurgical orthodontic preparation includes three-dimensional intra-arch alignment to provide ideal conditions for orthognathic surgery. A typical case report is presented.

Adolescent↗