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PubMed1979

Porous titanium endosseous dental implants in Rhesus monkeys: microradiography and histological evaluation.

Artificial tooth roots with porous surface coatings were fabricated by sintering spherical powder of titanium alloy to solid cylindrical cores. The tooth roots were implanted subgingivally in healed mandibular premolar extraction sites of fifteen Rhesus monkeys. Supracrestal abutments were screwed into pretapped holes in the superior aspect of the primary subgingival stage four to eight weeks after implantation of the root. Clinical evaluations were performed monthly. Ten animals were sacrificed for histological evaluation of the functioning free standing implants. Of twenty-nine implants placed, three were lost and four were rated failures on the basis of histological evaluation. Postmortem evaluations revealed bone growth into the porous surface coating of the primary stage of all the implants. The most characteristic features which could be used to describe differences in the implant histology were the buccal and lingual crestal bone heights measured in relation to the root porosity. Twelve of sixteen implants had crestal bone heights within one millimeter of the superior aspect of the root. Four other implants displayed excessive bone recession, revealing as much as one half of the root porosity supracrestally. The four implant failures could be related to unfavorable features of recipient bone sites. The results demonstrate that the bone growth into the porous surface coatings of artificial tooth roots is an efficacious method of dental implant fixation.

Alloys↗
PubMed1984

Quantitative microradiography for studying dental enamel demineralization and remineralization.

A method for quantitative determination of mineral density changes in dental enamel has been developed. It utilizes the quantitative microscopy capabilities of image analysis or photometer systems. Characteristic demineralization of bovine enamel in acetate buffers containing calcium and phosphate has been used to demonstrate the results. The method together with chemical kinetic data obtained from spectrophotometric and ion-selective electrode measurements of the bulk solution for calcium, phosphate, and fluoride permit important basic studies to be conducted on demineralization and remineralization of dental enamel.

Animals↗