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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Primary Hemophilus influenzae lung abscesses with bronchial obstruction.

A primary lung abscess due to non type B Hemophilus influenzae was diagnosed in three children who failed to improve after prolonged antibiotic treatment for dense, pneumonic infiltrates. In each instance percutaneous aspiration yielded pure cultures of Hemophilus influenzae, one of which was ampicillin resistant. Because of bronchial obstruction, operative drainage was necessary to effect cure in each case. Hemophilus influenzae has not previously been recognized as a cause of primary pulmonary abscess in childhood.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1984

Haemophilus parainfluenzae lung abscess.

To our knowledge, Haemophilus parainfluenzae lung abscess has not been described previously. Such a case is presented in the setting of diabetes mellitus. The implications of diagnosis and management are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Lung abscess: a changing pattern of the disease.

Alcoholic stupor with aspiration has been the most commonly recognized cause of lung abscess. Eighty-nine patients treated for lung abscess in a large community hospital from 1968 through 1982 have been described. Forty-six percent of these patients were 60 to 80 years of age. The most common predisposing factors included pneumonia, immunosuppression steroid therapy, carcinoma at a distant site, alcoholism, and lung cancer. Surgical therapy was employed in 23 patients when there was suspicion of cancer and failure to improve with medical management. Fifty-seven percent of patients were either cured or improved at the time of discharge. Twenty-nine percent died from other causes during hospitalization, and 9 percent died as a direct result of the abscess. Thus, the patients encountered in the community hospital setting tended to be older and had a wide variety of illnesses that precipitated the development of lung abscesses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Lung abscess in children in Harare, Zimbabwe.

Despite the rarity of lung abscess in children, 24 patients were treated at Harare Central Hospital during the 10 year period (1979 to 1988). The bacteriology and clinical findings of the 24 patients are presented. Bacteria were isolated from 18 patients. The most frequent isolates were Staphylococcus aureus, group A beta haemolytic streptococci, and Pseudomonas aeroginosa. Most of the abscesses followed measles, empyema or an episode of aspiration. The patients were managed with bronchoscopy, physiotherapy, and appropriate antibiotics, and had a mortality of 25%. Efforts at controlling measles as well as early and appropriate management of empyema are likely to reduce the number of lung abscesses in children.

Causality↗
PubMed1981

Lung abscesses following corticosteroid therapy for central nervous system metastases.

Although the occurrence of lung abscesses has decreased among the general population since the advent of antibiotics, a specific subgroup of cancer patients has demonstrated a propensity for this complication. Four patients with lung cancer, receiving corticosteroid therapy for brain metastases, developed large lung abscesses. These patients represent 12% of the 33 patients with central nervous system metastases seen in this institution over the period of one year. Physicians should be alert to this possible complication of corticosteroid therapy in patients with lung cancer.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1996

Empyema thoracis and lung abscess due to Gemella morbillorum.

A case of empyema and lung abscess in an elderly patient who presented with clinical features of congestive cardiac failure is described. Gemella morbillorum was cultured from pleural exudate found postmortem to be associated with a lung abscess. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of infection with this organism in this setting. We discuss the clinical spectrum and management of infection with this infrequently encountered organism.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Review of 40 cases of lung abscesses in foals and adult horses.

A retrospective study of 40 horses with primary lung abscesses without pleuropneumonia showed that lung abscesses occurred predominantly in young horses, usually in foals aged < or = 6 months. Hyperfibrinogenaemia was present in all but 2 horses, and other common clinical and haematological findings were hyperthermia, tachycardia, polypnoea, and neutrophilic leucocytosis. The most common bacterial species isolated from transtracheal aspirates were Streptococcus zooepidemicus (20/34) and Rhodococcus equi (13/34). Most horses (23/27) discharged from the hospital were long term survivors. Of the 19 horses for which a follow up was available, 12 raced or performed the task for which they were intended. None of the indicators evaluated in this study could reliably predict the bacterial species involved or the outcome.

Actinomycetales Infections↗
PubMed1980

Lung abscess: surgical implications.

The management of lung abscess continues to challenge both physicians and surgeons. The experience at the Toronto General Hospital over a 50-year period (1928 to 1975) has been analysed to define the challenge and to clarify current recommendations for treatment. The 413 patients studied were divided into three sequential chronologic groups that illustrate the initial impact of antibiotic therapy and later appreciation of the pathogenetic importance of aspiration and anaerobic infection. Although cure rates increased dramatically (from 30 to 61%) between 1936 and 1954 with the advent of antibiotics and the decrease in mortality was equally striking (from 47% to 21%), the recent statistics are not as encouraging. In the current period (1962 to 1975), the cure rate with medical treatment has risen from 61% to 73%, and with surgical therapy from 81% to 89%. Unfortunately, the overall mortality has increased from 12% to 25%. The mortality with medical treatment has increased from 10% to 27% but, in contrast, the surgical mortality continues to decrease (14% to 11%). The increased mortality with medical treatment is important. Prolonged antibiotic therapy is frequently necessary, but when resolution is not progressing or when complications ensue, operation must not be delayed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Drainage of pediatric lung abscess by cough, catheter, or complete resection.

We treated eight children, aged 7 weeks to 17 years, for lung abscess. Each abscess followed an episode of aspiration or a bacterial pneumonia. Associated conditions were leukemia, congenital immune deficiency, endocarditis, cerebral palsy, and prematurity. Seven of the 8 children had polymicrobial infections, usually containing both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. The success of medical treatment by antibiotics and chest physiotherapy was age related; 3 of the 8 children, aged 10 to 17 years, recovered on this regimen, whereas five children, aged 7 weeks to 7 years, required catheter drainage or resection for cure. Drainage by catheter pneumonostomy was performed for solitary peripheral bacterial abscesses. A large intercostal catheter was inserted into the cavity, either operatively or percutaneously. Wedge resection was performed for multiple, central, or fungal abscesses. Pneumonostomy was curative in 3 of 4 children. One chronic abscess recurred after pneumonostomy and required resection. Wedge resection was curative in the two children who came to thoracotomy; lobectomy was not necessary. Although all eight children recovered from their lung abscesses, three of them died within a year of sepsis. Lung abscess today occurs in immunocompromised children who are vulnerable to fatal infections. Chest physiotherapy is unlikely to achieve good drainage in children under 7 years of age. Medical failures can be identified within the first week of treatment. Early and aggressive surgical treatment is indicated in such children, and may be lifesaving.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Subacute primary Candida lung abscess.

A case of primary subacute Candida lung abscess is described. The most reliable way to diagnose a rare pulmonary disease is to perform an open lung biopsy. A review of the literature suggests that the diagnosis of a primary subacute abscess due to Candida albicans in vivo is unique.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Rapidly expanding lung abscess caused by Legionella pneumophila in immunocompromised patients: a report of two cases.

We describe two cases of lung abscess caused by Legionella pneumophila in immunocompromised patients. The first case had been treated initially with 60 mg prednisolone for ulcerative colitis, and L. pneumophila serogroup 1 was isolated from sputum samples after cavitation of the lung lesion. The second case was diagnosed as plasma cell lymphoma at post-mortem examination. L. pneumophila serogroup 5 was isolated from the contents of lung abscess, together with Enterococcus faecium and Prevotella intermedia in the post-mortem examination. Lung abscess caused by Legionella is unusual. Here, we discuss the difficulty of diagnosis of legionellosis in patients with unusual chest radiographic findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Atypical lung abscess occurring in an elderly female suffering from diabetes mellitus--a case report].

We report an atypical case of lung abscess occurring in a 73-year-old female who suffered from diabetes for more than 20 years. In 1993 she had a total gasterectomy for gastric cancer. In 1995 she was admitted to our hospital complaining of a mild cough and a small amount of sputa. A CT scan of the chest revealed a huge abscess in the left lung. Streptococcus sanguis was cultured from the intrathoracic fluid. It is possible that the severe lung abscess in spite of the few symptoms occurs in the compromised host, such as this patient who suffered from diabetes for long time. Oral streptococci in close relationship to misswallowing should be taken into consideration as one of the causes of this condition.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Immunohistochemical and pathological study of Mycoplasma bovis-associated lung abscesses in calves.

Out of 45 cases of fatal chronic pneumonia in calves examined for Mycoplasma bovis infection from February to July 1994, 11 cases with pulmonary abscesses that were culture positive for M. bovis were encountered. The cases were studied in detail using a recently developed monoclonal antibody-based immunoperoxidase technique. Mycoplasma bovis organisms were detected in specific locations at all stages of abscessation observed. In bronchioles or terminal airways within which abscesses developed, M. bovis was located at the epithelial surface and in close association with infiltrating neutrophils and macrophages. Abscessed airways that had lost the epithelium were encapsulated and were seen as coagulative necrotic foci that stained intensely for M. bovis, especially at the periphery. Some foci stained weakly and such might have been resolving lesions. Mycoplasma bovis was also demonstrated at sites of mild mononuclear cell infiltration in the livers and kidneys of 2 calves. The mycoplasma was detected within bile ducts in the liver and in the tubular epithelium of the kidney. Abscesses not staining for M. bovis, presumably caused by other pathogens, were seen concurrently with M. bovis-associated abscesses in some lungs. Thirteen other M. bovis-positive cases showed no abscesses, possibly indicating heterogeneity among M. bovis strains. Three other cases with abscesses were negative for M. bovis by culture and immunoperoxidase staining. The monoclonal antibody-based immunohistochemical technique is efficient for specific detection of M. bovis in cases of enzootic pneumonia of calves with or without abscessation. Mycoplasma bovis is implicated in the pathogenesis of lung abscesses in some calves.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Bacterial lung abscess: a review of the radiographic and clinical features of 50 cases.

The radiographic and clinical features of 50 patients with documented bacterial lung abscess are presented. Neither clinical nor radiographic features permit a specific diagnosis of lung abscess to be made; microbiologic or histopathologic material is needed to establish the diagnosis. A surprising percentage of patients (18%) had radiographically occult lung abscesses that were diagnosed only at the time of surgery or autopsy. Possible causes for and means of avoiding this diagnostic pitfall are presented.

Adolescent↗