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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Lower lip sucking habit treated with a lip bumper appliance.

The patient was an 11-year-old girl with a lower lip sucking habit with increased overjet, maxillary generalized spacing, and mandibular incisor irregularity. Hyperactivity of the mentalis muscle and deepening of the labiomental sulcus because of the abnormal sucking habit was observed. Orthodontic treatment was started with a lip bumper appliance to break the lower lip sucking habit and continued with fixed orthodontic mechanotherapy. The lip bumper appliance therapy resulted in the elimination of the lower lip sucking habit, musculus mentalis hyperactivity, and labiomental strain in addition to a gain in arch length, improvement of the lower incisor inclinations, and overjet reduction.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1993

The split-lip advancement technique (SLAT) for the treatment of congenital sinuses of the lower lip.

In this paper we present 7 cases of Van der Woude syndrome and describe a new surgical technique for the treatment of congenital sinuses of the lower lip. Our technique is essentially a new modification of the elastic lip flap technique of Goldstein. We term this procedure the split-lip advancement technique, in which two opposite labial artery--based flaps including the whole thickness of the vermilion and the mucosal surface of the lip are used to repair the median defect that resulted from excision of the sinuses. To our knowledge, there have been no reports of the use of this technique in the treatment of congenital sinuses of the lower lip.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A comparison of the craniofacial morphology in 2-month-old unoperated infants with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate, and unilateral incomplete cleft lip.

This paper reports a cephalometric analysis of the craniofacial morphology in infants with unoperated unilateral complete cleft lip and palate (UCCLP) and unoperated unilateral incomplete cleft lip (UICL). The purpose of the study was to determine the nature and extent of the craniofacial deviations in UCCLP as compared to the morphology in UICL, which has previously been shown to be close to normal. The samples comprised 82 infants with UCCLP (58 males and 24 females) and 75 with UICL (48 males and 27 females). The mean age was about 2 months in both groups. The cephalometric analysis of craniofacial morphology included the lateral, frontal, and axial projections. The data were presented as mean plots of the craniofacial region including the calvaria, cranial base, orbits, nasal bone, maxilla, mandible, cervical column, pharynx, and soft-tissue profile. The most pronounced deviations in the UCCLP group were observed in the maxillary complex and the mandible. The most striking findings were: markedly increased width of the maxilla, a short mandible, and bimaxillary retrognathia except for the premaxillary area, which was relatively protruding and asymmetric. The study did not support the hypothesis previously suggested in the literature that cleft lip and palate is a craniofacial anomaly as size and shape of the calvaria and cranial base were found to be normal. The etiology of cleft lip and palate is still incompletely understood. Based on the present study, we suggest that facial type may be a liability factor that could represent a developmental threshold increasing the probability of cleft lip and palate.

Anthropometry↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Craniofacial growth in subjects with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate, and unilateral incomplete cleft lip, from 2 to 22 months of age.

This paper reports a longitudinal quantitative cephalometric analysis of the craniofacial growth in subjects with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate (UCCLP), and unilateral incomplete cleft lip (UICL), from 2 to 22 months of age. The purpose of the study was to determine the amount and direction of growth in UCCLP compared to UICL (control group) from 2 months of age (just prior to lip repair) to 22 months of age, 20 months later. The sample comprised of 49 subjects with UCCLP (37 males and 11 females) and 45 with UICL (29 males and 16 females). The cephalometric analysis of the craniofacial morphology included lateral, frontal, and axial projections. The data were presented as mean plots of the craniofacial region including the calvaria, cranial base, orbits, nasal bone, maxilla, mandible, cervical column, pharynx, and soft-tissue profile. A valid common coordinate system (registration according to the n-s line in the lateral projection, latero-orbitale line in the frontal projection, and meatus acusticus externus line in the axial projection for the landmark positions at examination 1 and 2) was ascertained. The growth at a specific anatomical location in a patient was defined as the displacement vector from the coordinate of the corresponding landmark in the X-ray at examination 1 to its coordinate at examination 2, corrected for X-ray magnification. The growth of an anatomical region in a patient was assessed by investigating the growth pattern formed by a collection of individual growth vectors in that region. The amount of growth in the UCCLP and UICL group was very similar. The general craniofacial growth pattern, in terms of the direction of growth, was also fairly similar in the UCCLP group and the control group. However, the maxilla and mandible showed a more vertical growth pattern than that observed in the control group. This study confirms that UCCLP is a localized deviation, and not a craniofacial anomaly, due to the fact that a normal growth potential has been observed in all craniofacial regions, except where the growth had been directly influenced by surgical intervention. Furthermore, the vertical growth pattern of the maxilla and mandible supports the hypothesis of a special facial type in cleft lip and palate individuals, and the facial type as a liability factor increasing the probability of cleft lip and palate.

Cleft Lip↗
PubMed1975

[Geographic lip and folded lip. A new association].

In a typical case of geographical lip, the authors discovered the presence of parallel vertical grooves on the mucosal side of the lips and believe these are similar to those observed in folded tongue. They concluded that there is a possible association "geographical lip and folded lip", comparable with the association "geographical tongue and folded tongue". They then carried out a histological study and proposed an etiopathogenic explanation for the folds in the lip in comparison with the fissures of the tongue, dysembryoplasia due to heterotopy of the gustatory or lymphopoietic grooves.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1991

Characterization of lip expression in Salmonella typhimurium: analysis of lip::lac operon fusions.

Strains of Salmonella typhimurium which have an auxotrophic requirement for lipoic acid were isolated by mutagenesis with the transposable element Mu dJ. The chromosomal location of these insertion mutations was determined to be at 14 map units by bacteriophage P22-mediated cotransduction. The lip gene is transcribed in the clockwise direction relative to the S. typhimurium genetic map. Strains with lip::lac operon fusions were used to characterize the transcriptional activity of the lip promoter. Transcription of the lip gene is not regulated by catabolite repression or lipoic acid concentration. The data indicate that the lip gene product is expressed constitutively at a low level.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1996

Modified Bernard-Burow cheek advancement and cross-lip flap for total lip reconstruction.

Subtotal lip reconstruction can be performed using local flaps such as the cross-lip flap or fan flap. Total lip reconstructive efforts usually are suboptimal in providing an adequate oral sphincter, an acceptable aesthetic result, or both. For total upper, lower, or extensive combined soft-tissue defects that include both lips, traditional methods of reconstruction include the use of regional flaps. More contemporary reconstructive efforts emphasize staged reconstruction with local tissue flaps using "like" tissue in a sequential fashion to achieve a successful outcome. We describe the reconstruction of total upper, lower, or extensive combined defects and report on 7 cases using a 2-staged method of reconstruction based on the modifications of the Bernard-Burow and Abbe flaps. The principle of esthetic units an intact modiolus and oral sphincter are emphasized to ensure excellent aesthetic and functional results.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

A preliminary report on one stage open tip rhinoplasty at the time of lip repair in bilateral cleft lip and palate: the Alor Setar experience.

This paper is a preliminary report on a strategy to perform open tip rhinoplasty at the time of lip repair in bilateral cleft lip and palate deformity. This method was devised to suit unique socio-economic circumstances in the Malaysian centre of Alor Setar. Of 8 cases having surgery in 1991, 7 returned for follow-up with results being documented photographically. It is concluded that this aggressive approach is justified in severe bilateral cleft lip and palate deformity because of the cost effectiveness of limiting the number of interventions. Furthermore, it provides optimally orientated nasal tip anatomy and reduces the social stigma of cleft lip nose appearance from the earliest possible time in the child's development.

Child↗
PubMed1994

Lip posture and mouth width in children with unilateral cleft lip.

The aim of this study was to measure on photographs the protrusion of the upper and lower lips and demonstrate their relationships to each other, to measure the width of the mouth, and to compare these findings within complete and incomplete cleft groups and with normal controls at the ages of 5 and 10 years. It was found that the lower lip was more protrusive and the mouth width was narrower in 5-year-old children with complete clefts prior to maxillary collapse than in the control children. It is concluded that there is a lack of tissue in the cleft lip leading to less distensibility and increased lip pressure and that this may be one of the factors causing maxillary retrusion.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1996

Asymmetries of the upper lip and nose in noncleft and postsurgical unilateral cleft lip and palate individuals.

The purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate post-surgical asymmetries of the upper lip and nose in complete unilateral cleft lip and palate individuals using documentation collected over a period of years. Twenty-three complete unilateral cleft lip and palate subjects (UCLP) and 34 noncleft subjects who served as controls and had undergone orthodontic treatment were included in the study. Nasal asymmetry, deviation of the tip of the nose, and the deviation of the midpoint of the vermilion border of the upper lip were compared to chronologic age and skeletal maturation in cleft subjects and controls. Comparison between cleft and control cases was also assessed. Results indicate that nasal asymmetry peaks at postpubertal growth stages in the control groups, and the difference between UCLP and controls decreases with time and maturation. The deviation of the nasal tip peaks during the pubertal growth spurt for both UCLP and controls, and the difference between UCLP and controls also decreases with time. The deviation of the midpoint of the vermilion border shows relatively small change with time and maturation, and there is no significant difference between UCLP and controls. In general, the facial asymmetries studied were not as great as expected, and the difference between UCLP and controls decreased with time, growth, and maturation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Lip and nose morphology in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate from four Scandinavian centres.

Sixty patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate were compared for lip and nose appearance. All patients were photographed from an anteroposterior and a basal view at 7-10 years of age. The photographic registration method was tested for validity and accuracy. Although the four groups of 15 patients each were treated according to different protocols, many similarities were found with shorter lip heights at the cleft side and inclination of the rima oris. Asymmetry of nose and retropositioning at the cleft side naris were generally seen. Significantly straighter noses were demonstrated in the group treated with a two-stage lip nose operation combined with nose plugs, and the two groups where vomer flaps were used showed the greatest deviation of the nose.

Child↗
PubMed1999

Cleft lip: a histochemical and ultrastructural analysis of lip muscles.

AIMS: In order to evaluate the pathogenesis of cleft-lip in relation to both the anatomical and structural anomalies of the mesenchymal tissues, the authors concluded that the presence of structural anomalies in the examined tissues could not explain the malformation, but might be a consequence of it. Delayed muscular development, asymmetrical distribution of the muscular fibres and their anomalous insertion suggest that the anatomical/functional loss clinically detectable in the orbicular muscle could be the result of a perinatal dysmorphological process rather than of a simple mesenchymal hypoplasia. METHODS: Schendel et al. suggested that a metabolic defect in the mitochondrial function could cause a deficiency in cell migration and proliferation responsible for the malformation in question. To establish whether the pathogenesis of the cleft-lip is associated with an alteration in mitochondrial functionality, eight patients affected by unilateral cleft-lip were subjected to a biopsy of the orbicular muscle during the course of reparative surgery. RESULTS: The results obtained showed: 1) a great variation in the size of muscle fibres; 2) the absence of ragged red fibres; 3) a normal oxidative function in the muscle fibres examined; 4) the absence of typologically significant groupings positive for myofibral ATPases. Furthermore, the morphology of the mitochondria was preserved in all cases and neither inclusions nor morphological or volumetric changes were detected. CONCLUSIONS: This preliminary data did not confirm the constant presence of mitochondrial pathology responsible for the malformation in question. In our opinion, the growth deficiency of the maxillary segment could be ascribed to the cicatrization of the surgical repair of the cleft-lip.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed2004

[Orbicular muscular-mucous advancement flap for repairing the lower lip loss after lip cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To explore a new technique for the treatment of lower lip defect after carcinoectomy. METHOD: Six lower lip defects (more than two third of the length of the lower lip) after the tumor resection were treated with an orbicular muscular-mucous advancement flap. RESULTS: All of the patients had achieved good results functionally and cosmetically with the following-ups from 6 months to 3 years. CONCLUSION: The above mentioned techique could be a simple, safe and effective method for repairing lower lip defect.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Lip function: a study of normal lip parameters.

This paper presents a study of normal lip parameters in 500 individuals representing both sexes and all age groups. The parameters studied were intercommissural distance at rest and during activity, soft-tissue gape, oral access, elasticity of perioral tissues, and upper and lower sulcus depths as an indication of lip curtain height. The strength of the orbicularis oris was measured using the pommeter (Peri-Oral-Muscle-Meter). Lip sensation was studied by testing two-point discrimination in all four lip quadrants. Statistical analysis revealed results to be significant to a p value of 0.01.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

A new flap design for reconstruction of full-thickness defects of the lower lip: the extended upper lip island (EULI) flap.

The extended upper lip island (EULI) flap has two advantages. It provides a wide mucosal surface, like that of the facial artery musculomucosal flap and does not leave a pedicle across the mouth. Aesthetic results with the EULI flap are almost as good as those with the cross-lip flap. An 89-year-old woman presented with squamous cell carcinoma of the lower oral vestibule. Full-thickness lower lip resection and marginal mandibulectomy, including resection of the surrounding gingiva and mucosa, were performed. The defect was reconstructed with an EULI flap that included the facial artery and vein. There were no severe postoperative complications, but two mild complications did occur: mild congestion of the distal end of the skin paddle and mucosa for two days after surgery and partial paralysis of the orbicularis oris and levator anguli oris muscles. The EULI flap is useful for extended lower lip reconstruction.

Aged, 80 and over↗
PubMed2004

Analysis of influence of lip line and lip support in esthetics and selection of maxillary implant-supported prosthesis design.

The lip line and lip support influence esthetics and selection of implant-supported prosthetic designs for maxillary edentulous patients. This article describes a procedure to analyze the influence of lip line and lip support on the esthetics of an existing maxillary complete denture, revealing potential limitations when planning a fixed implant-supported prosthesis.

Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported↗
PubMed1989

The relationship between craniomandibular dysfunction and malocclusion in white children with unilateral cleft lip and cleft lip and palate.

An epidemiologic study was conducted on white children with unilateral cleft lip and cleft lip and palate to investigate the relationship between craniomandibular dysfunction and malocclusion. The results showed no statistically significant correlations between each clinical sign and symptom of craniomandibular dysfunction and each type of malocclusion. When the definitional symptoms of craniomandibular dysfunction were aggregated, a statistically significant correlation was found only with anterior crossbite. Anterior crossbite, in most of the subjects with cleft lip and cleft lip and palate, is associated with skeletofacial growth disturbances. It is suggested, therefore, that the relationship between skeletofacial pattern and craniomandiubular dysfunction be investigated.

Child↗
PubMed1984

Correction of thin lips: "lip lift".

Thin, atrophied lips are a stigma of old age. This paper discusses the so-called lip lift, an operation that consists of lifting, everting, and increasing the bulk of the upper and lower lips by means of a simple but meticulous procedure along the vermilion border. An introductory study on lip aesthetics is presented. Preoperative planning is greatly emphasized. This technique has been used by the author in 32 cases as an adjunct to facial lifts or as a separate procedure. The patients were followed for up to 3 years. The results were quite satisfactory.

Aging↗