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Results for “Karyometry”

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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Morphological and biochemical action of dipyrone on rat placenta.

1. The morphological and biochemical action of dipyrone (N-[2,3-dimethyl-5-oxo-1-phenyl-3-pyrazolin-4-yl]-methylamino methanesulfonate, sodium monohydrate) on the placenta of albino rats was studied by means of karyometry of trophoblastic giant cells and by determinations of DNA, RNA and total protein contents. 2. The animals were treated with a single daily dose of 50 mg/kg body weight during 5 different periods: from the 9th to the 12th, 11th to the 14th, 13th to the 16th, 15th to the 18th or 17th to the 20th day of pregnancy. 3. Karyometric results showed that the nuclear volumes of placental cells in rats treated with dipyrone during the first 3 periods were significantly greater than in control animals and that, closer to term, no differences were observed in this regard. Only the animals treated from the 9th to the 12th day of pregnancy had higher placental contents of DNA, RNA and protein than the corresponding controls. 4. Our results showed that dipyrone had a blocking effect on placental cell division which occurs mainly in the initial steps of placental development.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Gastric mucosal dysplasias: what is their clinical significance (author's transl)].

Using criteria of proliferation kinetics, karyometry, histology and histochemistry, the attempt at a definition of normal and dysplastic surface epithelium of the gastric mucosa is made. Instead of using such terms as surface carcinoma, intra-epithelial carcinoma and carcinoma-in-situ, the term dysplasia III of the surface epithelium is suggested, because serial biopsies of gastric mucosa over periods ranging from one month to two years have demonstrated reversibility or persistence of such changes without transition into early carcinoma. Results of such studies in 8 262 patients demonstrate that even proliferation-kinetic, karyometric and histochemical methods do not make it possible to judge from single tests the prospective potency of certain changes of the gastric surface mucosa as "precancerous" or even "intra-epithelial carcinoma".

Carcinoma in Situ↗
PubMed2002

DNA ploidy and cytonuclear area of peritumoral and paratumoral samples of mastectomy specimens: a useful prognostic marker?

OBJECTIVE: To investigate a possible relationship between DNA alterations in the "normal" residual mammary tissue of patients with breast cancer and survival. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: University hospital, Spain. SUBJECTS: 162 patients operated on for breast cancer between 1991 and 1995. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cytology, histopathology, optic karyometry, DNA ploidy, and S-phase fraction measured by flow cytometry in peritumoral and paratumoral tissue. Mortality, and univariate analysis. RESULTS: DNA ploidy in peritumoral tissue was altered in 42 patients (26%), in 41 of whom the mean cytonuclear area was also altered. Of the 19 patients whose death within the study period was attributed to their cancer, 13 had peritumoral tissue in which both DNA ploidy and mean cytonuclear area were altered. On univariate analysis, there was significantly worse survival among the patients in whom both tumoral and peritumoral tissues were DNA aneuploid than among those in whom only tumoural tissue was DNA aneuploid (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of peritumoral or paratumoral tissue or both, with anomalous DNA content is associated with a reduced survival among women whose breast cancer has been treated by mastectomy. Additional studies including multivariate analysis are necessary to confirm our findings.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Size of thyrocyte nuclei in aspirates from follicular adenomas: correlation with patients' ages.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the size of thyrocyte nuclei in aspirates from follicular adenoma correlates with the age of patients. STUDY DESIGN: The karyometric parameters were evaluated in routine aspirates, obtained from 27 patients with follicular adenoma as diagnosed in postoperative histopathologic examinations. The ages of the patients ranged from 11 to 70 years (36.8 +/- 16.3, x +/- SD). The cytologic examination of all the aspirates before surgery revealed "follicular neoplasms." The karyometric evaluation was performed with Karyometry Manager, version 1.2, an image analysis computer system. RESULTS: Neither the mean nuclear volume, mean nuclear intersection area nor mean nuclear perimeter correlated with the ages of the patients. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that in contrast to nodular goiter, in the cytologic examination of follicular neoplasms, the ages of patients should be disregarded when interpreting the size of thyrocyte nuclei.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1988

Karyometric findings and prognosis of stage I cutaneous malignant melanomas.

A material consisting of 82 stage I cutaneous melanomas was analysed clinically, histopathologically and karyometrically. High age, deep Clark level of invasion and thick melanomas were associated with a negative prognosis. There was a good correlation between the nuclear area and the melanoma thickness. By applying Cox's proportional hazard method to clinical, histopathological and karyometric data, it was demonstrated that karyometry provided both prognostic and biological information. Both a large variation (percentile 90-percentile 50) in nuclear area and a large standard deviation of form factor was related to a negative prognosis (p less than 0.0003 and p less than 0.04 respectively).

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Measurement of nuclear size in cells from embryonic mouse brain in monolayer culture using automatic image analysers].

Size analyses and size classifications were made of the nuclei of embryonal mouse brain cells in monolayer culture. Measurements were made by surface analysis, using the Quantimet (1,299 nuclei), and linear analysis, using the Digiscan (1,887 nuclei). Despite the different methods of measurement and different logarithmic classification, similar distribution curves were obtained, approaching the Gaussian normal distribution. The methodical problems of karyometry as well as the problems of statistical data processing are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rhythmic circadian activity of the rat hepatic lobule reflected at cellular level.

Study of the liver by quantitative microscopic methods (karyogram, nucleologram), cytophotometry and karyometry demonstrated the circadian rhythmicity of the different nuclear variables in terms of the functional activity of the cells. In the hepatic lobule of the adult rat, synchronized to a fixed feeding hour, a cellular rhythmic self-renewal was recorded, especially due to ploidization, with cytotopographical particularities, consisting in the cyclic reversible transformation of diploid into polyploid cells (with a single hypertrophic nucleus or binucleate) according to the increased metabolic requirements in the course of digestion.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Karyometric analysis of actinic damage in unexposed and sun-exposed skin and in actinic keratoses in untreated individuals.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the ability of karyometric analysis to demonstrate progression of actinic damage as a function of sun exposure in individuals with actinic keratoses (AKs) and to evaluate the stability of that assessment over a 3-month period. STUDY DESIGN: Biopsies from subjects with AKs were obtained from unexposed skin, sun-exposed skin and AK lesions. Subjects used an SPF 50 sunscreen, and 3 months later additional biopsies were taken from sun-exposed and AK sites. A total of 13,300 nuclei were recorded from 31 subjects. RESULTS: Measures of nuclear abnormality (NA) and effects of sun damage based on discriminant function (DF) scores were derived. Actinic damage levels varied significantly across biopsy site, demonstrating the method's sensitivity. Accrual of actinic damage was demonstrated in sun-exposed skin and AK lesions when all nuclei were examined over 3 months but only for sun-exposed skin when the worst-damaged nuclei were examined. This suggests a ceiling effect of nuclear damage in the progression to abnormality. Within-subject variability was similar for both NA and DF when all nuclei were considered. Among the worst-damaged nuclei (as defined by high DF), DF showed lower within-case variability than NA, perhaps due to a reduction in nuclear heterogeneity. CONCLUSION: Karyometry's ability to detect subtle levels of actinic damage in nuclear chromatin patterns may make it useful in screening agents for possible use in cancer chemoprevention.

Actins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Changes in the human amygdaloid complex due to age].

The normal aging process of the amygdala was studied in 35 human (male) brains. They were selected according the following criteria: 1) neither the clinical history nor the macro and microexamination of the brains should point out alterations of the CNS non age-dependent; 2) time elapsed between decease and brain fixation should be inferior to 16 hours (the mean was 6 hours); 3) age of patients should be uniformly distributed between 14 and 86 years (at least 4 brains per decade). The brains were fixed in buffered formalin (10%) and processed for paraffin embedding. The blocks containing the amygdaloid complex were coronal and serially sectioned (7 microns) and stained alternatively by Nissl, PAS or hemltoxylin-eosin. The changes studied in the amygdaloid complex were: number of neurons and karyometry. The numerical values obtained in this study were statistically analyzed. The neuronal loss ranged between 36 and 47% (p less than 0.001) according the nuclei. The nuclear size followed 3 periods: first (till the age of 45 years) atrophy (between 19 and 39%, p less than 0.01); second phase from 45 to 75 years, hypertrophy (between 13 and 28%, p less than 0.01); and a third phase that showed a slight size reduction of the nuclei.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The neuronal reaction of the amygdaloid complex in the dynamics of the estrous cycle].

For investigation of the structural and functional organization of the amygdaloid complex (the cerebral neuroendocrine center) a response of its neurons to the fluctuations of circulating hormones was studied in the time course of the estrous cycle. Karyometry of 22 zones of the corticomedial group and 25 zones of the basolateral groups of the structure of the amygdaloid complex was performed in adult Wistar rats. A response of neurons of several zones of the corticomedial group of nuclei was revealed. A response of neurons of the basolateral nucleus at the caudal level of the central region was revealed in the basolateral group of structures of the amygdaloid complex.

Amygdala↗
PubMed1989

[Age changes of functional nuclear swelling and classes of nuclei in human hepatocytes].

The aim of the study was to describe aging changes in the functional nuclear edema and the classification of human hepatocyte nuclei, by determining three parameters--the size of the nucleus, the relative DNA quantity and the number of chromocenters. For this purpose, karyometry and DNA cytophotometry were performed on 10 human liver preparations. The data obtained was subjected to correlation, cluster and discriminance analysis. The results indicated a reduction in the capacity of liver cells for functional nuclear edema as aging progressed. Whereas at a young age there is only a loose correlation between nuclear size and DNA content, it becomes much stricter later on, partly caused by polyploidization. Cluster analysis, followed by discriminance analysis, is well suited for dividing the nuclei of human hepatocytes into two or three statistical populations provided the nuclear area, DNA quantity and number of chromocenters are all used as characteristics simultaneously. When allowance is made for functional edema, the biological interpretation of clusters from young liver preparations permits meaningful conclusions, but it appears problematic for old preparations. Here it might be more practical to analyze the mixed distributions resulting from a determination of the DNA quantity or nuclear size alone.

Aging↗
PubMed1985

[Topography of the subnuclei of the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus in rats and the sensitivity of their neurons to insulin deficiency].

Light microscopy was used to investigate the morphology and topography of hypothalamic paraventricular subnuclei in adult male rats. The subnuclear cell reaction to experimental alloxan diabetes was studied by karyometry. The paraventricular nucleus was established to contain 10 subnuclei, 8 of which responded to disorders in carbohydrate metabolism. The data obtained are consistent with the hypothesis of the involvement of the paraventricular nucleus in the control of carbohydrate homeostasis.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Types of error and error propagation in morphometry].

It is in morphometry, too, that errors of measurement are liable to occur. This paper shows the types of error involved and how they may propagate when the primary measuring data are used for the calculation of further quantities of interest. Finally, there is shown the relation of inaccuracies due to measuring errors to the uncertainties of a particular result which have their origin in biological variability. The examples furnished have been taken from histological volumetry using the target method, from karyometry, and from osteometry.

Biometry↗
PubMed1985

Effect of BCNU, administered to pregnant female rats, on morphology and histochemistry of brain neurocytes in the progeny.

For evaluation of neurotoxicity of 1,3-bis[2-chloroethyl]-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) effects of the compound were examined on histoenzymatic activity of some phosphatases and esterases and on karyometry and DNA cytophotometry in brain neurocytes of the progeny of mothers who had been given the drug during pregnancy. The studies were performed on young, 14 and 28 days old rats of Wistar strain originating from mothers given intraperitoneal BCNU injections on the 12th and 18th day of pregnancy. Material of the studies included neurocytes of frontal cortex, parietal cortex and of trigeminal nerve nucleus in which enzymatic activities of some phosphatases and esterases were estimated and which were subjected to karyometric and DNA cytophotometric measurements, using Morphoquant automated microscopic image analyzer (VEB Carl Zeiss, Jena). The experiments documented decreased nonspecific esterase and ATPase activities and increased activities of acetylcholinesterase, cholinesterase, alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase in neurocytes of experimental animals, as compared to control animals of the corresponding age. The changes were noted both in 14 and 28 days old animals. Changes in thiamine pyrophosphate phosphohydrolase (TTPase) enzymatic activity were of different type in dependence upon age of the animals (increased activity in 28 days old rats, decreased activity in 14 days old rats). In animals subjected to BCNU action in fetal life several karyo- and cytophotometric changes were noted also: circumference and area of cell nuclei cross-sections were decreased, cell nuclei became more round, relative DNA content of cell nuclei increased with parallel increases in compactness and concentration of nuclear chromatin. Karyometric changes showed similar character in both age groups while changes in DNA cytophotometry were more evident in 14 days old rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Morphological manifestations of the functional activity of the menstrual corpus luteum].

A histomorphological investigation of the corpus luteum has been performed in 60 women with an unchanged menstrual cycle. Physiological changes of the corpus luteum are reliably reflected in the karyometry results, in correlation between immature, mature and distrophic luteocytes, their mitotic activity and in total thickness of the parenchymatous layer. The parameters taken into account are united into a total index of the corpus luteum activity, its functional significance is proved when a parallel estimation of microelements content (zinc and copper) is performed in the corpus luteum tissues. The morphometric indices used demonstrate that the menstrual corpus luteum is mainly formed at the expense of a combined hypertrophy of granulous and theca-lutein cells and maturation of the preceding cellular forms. Regressive changes are characterized by a decreasing volume of the nuclei and distrophic changes of luteocytes, which are especially manifested at the end of the menstrual cycle.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Method of determining the surface areas of cell nuclei in monolayer tissue cultures].

To measure the surface area of cell nuclei in monolayer tissue cultures, special tables have been development. With respect to the two diameters, the tables allow identification of the logarithmic class to which the nucleus belongs. A specially designed rule with coordinate axes helps to save time involved in karyometry. Statistical significance of the data thus obtained is not less that of the results provided by the traditional planimetric procedure.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1980

[The suitability of the graphic decomposition methods of Daeves and Beckel for mixed distributions in nuclear variation statistics].

The object of these studies was to determine the value of the graphic method of DAEVES and BECKEL (1958) for decomposition of mixed distributions in karyometry and to compare this method with a numerical one, published by HEROLD (1971). The former is as good as the latter, the only disadvantage of the graphic method is the loss of time by reason of the fact that employment of computers is not possible.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

The usefulness of computer-aided karyometric examination in preoperative differentiation of follicular neoplasms of the thyroid gland.

Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is the most important procedure in preoperative diagnosis of thyroid neoplasms. However, routine cytological examination is insufficient for differentiation between follicular adenoma and follicular carcinoma. Therefore, we decided to assess the usefulness of karyometric analysis in the examination of aspirates from these neoplasms. Morphometric analysis was performed with the use of the computer system for karyometric measurements--"Karyometry Manager" ver. 1.2. We examined cytological smears derived from 26 patients. In 10 of them a nodular goitre was diagnosed in both cytological and histopathological examinations. In the other 16 patients, "follicular neoplasms" were found in cytological examination. These proved to be follicular adenomas (8 cases) and follicular carcinomas (8 cases) on histopathological examination. The following morphometric parameters were measured in 100 nuclei per smear: volume, intersection area, perimeter, convexity coefficient and shape coefficient. We found that: 1) the mean volume and the mean intersection area of thyrocyte nuclei from follicular carcinomas were significantly (p < 0.001) greater than those of nuclei from adenomas or nodular goitres; 2) the mean perimeter of thyrocyte nuclei from follicular carcinomas was significantly greater than the mean perimeter of thyrocyte nuclei from follicular adenomas (p < 0.025) and nodular goitres (p < 0.001); 3) the mean nuclear area of thyrocytes from follicular adenomas was significantly greater than that of thyrocytes from nodular goitres (p < 0.05). Our results show that karyometric analysis can be useful in cytological differentiation of follicular neoplasms.

Adenocarcinoma, Follicular↗