Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Infant Behavior”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

A multidimensional study of infants' behaviors associated with assumed painful stimuli: Phase II.

Researchers have found that physiologic changes occur that indicate infants do perceive pain. In the study, infants were audiovideotaped while receiving the first diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus (DPT) injection to document their responses to an assumed painful stimulus. The vocalization of crying and some facial movements were identified as behaviors associated with receiving the DTP injection. These findings support the need for nurses to use a multidimensional assessment when caring for infants believed to be having pain.

Child Behavior↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Neocortical death in infants: behavioral, neurologic, and electroencephalographic characteristics.

Neocortical death is a form of the persistent vegetative state characterized by the maintenance of sleep/wakeful cycles and spontaneous respirations and the lack of cognitive function. It is difficult to diagnose in neonates and young infants because their cognitive skills are limited by inexperience and by immaturity of the central nervous system. Because neocortical death has not been described previously for this age group, we report the neurologic, behavioral, electroencephalographic, and computed tomographic characteristics of three infants who survived in the persistent vegetative state following severe brain injury. Each infant appeared to exhibit some complex behaviors, including interaction with the environment and the examiners, although the electroencephalograms documented no electrical activity of cerebral origin. Computed tomography revealed extensive destruction of the cerebral hemispheres. Infants and newborns with a history suggesting brain injury and with the neurologic and behavioral characteristics described here should be evaluated with serial electroencephalograms and computed tomography to diagnose the syndrome of neocortical death.

Brain Damage, Chronic↗
PubMed2004

Physiological predictors of reproductive outcome and mother-infant behaviors in captive rhesus macaque females (Macaca mulatta).

Previous research has shown that offspring of females with low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) concentrations are less likely to survive the first year of life than are offspring of females with high CSF 5-HIAA concentrations. In addition, studies of free-ranging rhesus macaque males have suggested that individuals with low CSF 5-HIAA concentrations suffer reduced reproductive success relative to their high serotonin counterparts. We examined CSF concentrations of the monoamine metabolites 5-HIAA and homovanillic acid (HVA), and plasma cortisol concentrations as predictors of first-time adult reproductive potential, maternal behavior, and overall social interactions in two groups of captive female rhesus macaques and their first offspring. Repeated CSF and blood samples were obtained from adult females in two social groups, and focal observations were performed for both new mothers and infants during the first month following parturition. We found that the reproductively aged nulliparous females who failed to give birth to their first offspring showed significantly lower CSF 5-HIAA concentrations than those females who gave birth. Among those females that gave birth to offspring, females with low CSF 5-HIAA concentrations and females with high plasma cortisol concentrations were overly protective and restrictive with their infants. CSF HVA concentration was not associated with reproductive output, social behavior, aggression, or mother-infant interactions in this sample of rhesus macaque females. We conclude that low CNS serotonin activity and high stress, measured by high plasma cortisol, are correlated with reduced reproductive success and patterns of high maternal restrictiveness in young adult female rhesus macaques.

Aggression↗
PubMed1983

The Bacon Chow study: maternal nutritional supplementation and infant behavioral development.

The effect of maternal nutritional supplementation during pregnancy and lactation on the mental and motor development of infants was studied in a rural population in Taiwan. Women were randomly assigned to 2 treatment groups: 1 received a high-calorie and protein supplement ("supplement" group); the other received a placebo ("control" group). Infants received no direct supplementation. At approximately 8 months of age, the mental and motor development of the infants was assessed using a research to maternal supplementation in either scale, nor were the mental scale scores of infants of supplement mothers significantly higher than infants of control mothers. However, the motor scores of supplement infants were higher than those of control infants, which is consistent with the findings of 2 other large-scale nutritional supplementation studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Developing perceptions of temperament and their relation to mother and infant behavior.

Controversies about temperamental assessments raise questions about whether questionnaires, which assess parental perceptions of temperament, validly measure within-child characteristics. Thirty-eight couples were recruited from childbirth classes for a short-term longitudinal study. Mother's perceptions of activity, rhythmicity and mood were moderately stable from late pregnancy to 6 mth postnatally. Only father's perceptions of activity were stable during this time. Infants rated by parents as difficult on the Carey Infant Temperament Questionnaire at 6 mth were rated by observers as less responsive while being fed by their mothers. Results are discussed in the context of influences on parental perceptions of temperament.

Child Behavior↗
PubMed1978

Newborn minor physical anomalies and prediction of infant behavior.

The relationship between a newborn score of minor physical anomalies (MPAs) and behavior at ages 1 and 2 was examined. From an initial screening population of 933, 63 high anomaly and 78 low anomaly infants were followed until age 2 by examiners blind for the newborn anomaly score. High anomaly infants were more likely to be temperamentally difficult as rated by parent interview and direct observation. A subgroup of six infants who were considered irritable at both ages 1 and 2 were all from the high anomaly group. However, there was little agreement between behavioral ratings across situations and over time, and there were no significant predictors of behavior problems at age 2 based on any newborn or 1-year measure. These results indicate that the newborn anomaly score by itself is unlikely to prove clinically useful in predicting preschool behavior problems for an unselected population. The usefulness of this measure for other, "high-risk," populations remains to be explored.

Child Behavior↗
PubMed1993

Oscillation and complexity in early infant behavior.

Cyclic fluctuation is a ubiquitous property of spontaneous motor activity in the human fetus and neonate. Oscillation occurs on the scale of minutes, and irregularity is one of its most characteristic properties. To determine whether cyclic motor activity (CM) persists beyond the neonatal period (1 month after birth), and beyond what has been called the period of the fetus ex utero (2-3 months after birth), 30 infants were studied at monthly intervals from 1 to 4 months after birth during active sleep and awake. Spectral analysis was used to quantify the rate, strength, and irregularity of CM. To examine the characteristic irregularity of awake CM more closely, a nonlinear forecasting technique, developed to study chaotic dynamic in other fields, was used to estimate the predictability of spontaneous movement in a state space reconstructed from the time series. The rate and irregularity of CM during active sleep and awake, and its strength during active sleep, did not change across the first 4 postnatal months. However, there was a pronounced drop in the strength of awake CM from 2 months onward and a concurrent increase in the broad-band power of fluctuations faster than 2 cycles/min. The predictability of awake CM also dropped abruptly between 1 and 2 months, especially for prediction intervals less than 20 sec. The changes at 2 months reflect the introduction of a source of variation with a shorter time constant than fetal-neonatal CM, and which is specific to awake periods. The source of these effects may be moment-to-moment interactions between CM and attention.

Arousal↗