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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Evaluation of the Vitek Systems Gram-Positive Identification card for species identification of coagulase-negative staphylococci.

Vitek Systems' Gram-Positive Identification test (GPI) card was evaluated for the ability to identify 12 coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species and subspecies. The bionumber generated from the GPI card was examined for its potential use in epidemiological studies. Results indicated that the GPI card had a high degree of correlation with the conventional methods of identification. The species identified with the greatest accuracy were Staphylococcus epidermidis (92%), S. haemolyticus (95%), S. capitis subsp. capitis (88%), and S. saprophyticus (100%). S. hominis (63%) was identified with the least accuracy. The bionumber was found to have limited epidemiological value because of the frequent occurrence of a few major bionumbers.

Bacterial Typing Techniques↗
PubMed1997

Use of the BioMerieux ID 32C yeast identification system for identification of aerobic actinomycetes of medical importance.

The BioMerieux ID 32C Yeast Identification System was examined to determine its usefulness as a rapid method for the identification of medically important aerobic actinomycetes. More than 290 strains were tested by this method and the results were compared to those obtained by conventional methods. It was found that aerobic actinomycetes could be differentiated to species level in 7 days by the ID 32C system.

Actinomycetales↗
PubMed1991

Identification of Treponema hyodysenteriae and Treponema innocens using two four-hour identification systems.

Two 4-hour identification systems, the RapID-ANAII (Innovative Diagnostic Systems) and the ANI card (Vitek Systems), were used to identify isolates of Treponema hyodysenteriae and T. innocens. Twenty-one isolates of T. innocens and 53 isolates of T. hyodysenteriae were tested with both systems. With the ANI system, alpha-galactosidase was the only test that differentiated the two species. With the RapID-ANAII system, alpha-galactosidase and indole tests allowed differentiation of the two species. Treponema hyodysenteriae was alpha-galactosidase negative and indole positive, whereas T. innocens produces the opposite reactions. Three isolates were alpha-galactosidase negative and indole negative. These isolates represent a group intermediate between the two officially described species. The two species of swine Treponema can be identified by commercial identification kits and a third group of isolates intermediate between the two species was identified.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Three-dimensional identification of the cystic infundibulum-cystic duct junction: a technique for identification of the cystic duct in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

OBJECTIVE: The main cause of bile duct injury (BDI) at laparoscopic cholecystectomy is misidentification of the common bile duct as the cystic duct (CD). The aim of this article is to introduce a modified technique, i.e., three-dimensional identification of the cystic infundibulum (CI)-CD junction, to prevent misidentification-induced BDI during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. METHODS: The CI was extensively dissected to expose its anterior, interior-superior and inferior-dorsal aspects. With the CI nearly circularly dissected out, the CI and the appearance-indicated CI-CD junction might be three-dimensionally identified and the reality of the CI-CD junction as well as the reality of the CD could be precisely judged. RESULTS: Overall 10 BDIs were documented in this group. Since BDI occurred in 8 of 4382 patients receiving laparoscopic cholecystectomy, the technique for prevention of misidentification-induced BDI was established. Among the late batch of 7618 patients, only two BDIs were noted. CONCLUSIONS: Three-dimensional identification of the CI-CD junction is a reliable, feasible and relatively low experience-dependent technique to prevent most of misidentification-induced BDI.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Identification of genes differentially expressed in breast cancer cell line SKBR3: potential identification of new prognostic biomarkers.

The identification of differentially expressed genes in tumour cells should have important implications in understanding carcinogenesis and developing new therapeutic and prognostic biomarkers. We have combined PCR-based cDNA subtraction and Northern blotting to identify truly differentially expressed genes in breast cancer cell line SKBR3 as compared to normal human mammary epithelial cells (HMEC). Hybridizing probe molecules were rescued from the Hybond N+ membranes and then PCR reamplified. The PCR reamplification is possible due to the fact that all probe molecules contain the same pair of adapter sequences on both ends. After cloning and sequencing three known genes, ribosomal protein L19 (RPL19), ADP/ATP carrier protein and ErbB-2 with high-elevated mRNA levels in SKBR3 were identified. In addition, two overexpressed genes with unknown functions, CXYorf1-related protein and hypothetical protein PRO2605, were found. High-titer andibodies against the recombinant RPL19 were detected in 5 patients out of 50 patients investigated. Thus, the present novel strategy based on the combination of PCR-based cDNA subtraction and Northern blotting should facilitate the identification of truly differentially expressed biomarkers, which may offer the potential to determine the proper drug for an individual patient at a given stage of disease or treatment.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1995

Risk factors and their identification second part: study designs for identification of risk factors.

This is the second a series of three articles which reviews the identification of risk factors of a disease, here: diabetes or complications of diabetes. In the first of the series [1], we gave the definition of a risk factor, along with measures of its force-relative risk and odds ratio, followed by the epidemiological definitions of the diseases: diabetes, coronary heart disease and hypertension. Risk factors were further discussed and we completed the discussion by some observations on the bias which can arise from a study or from its analysis, which can lead the researcher to the wrong conclusion. In this second article we define the three types of epidemiological studies which are used to determine whether factors are associated with a disease: observational or cross-sectional studies, cohort studies and casecohort studies. Examples are provided of each of these study types; their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. The final paper will provide some examples of the identification of risk factors from the literature. The first example involves diabetes and pancreatic cancer, the second birth weight and non-insulin dependent diabetes. Having found an association between a risk factor and diabetes, we will discuss whether it can be considered to be a risk factor, and if so whether it is likely to be a cause of the disease.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed1993

[Studies on identification of drugs of abuse by diode array detection. I. Screening-test and identification of benzodiazepines by HPLC-DAD with ICOS software system].

For the establishment of screening-test and identification of 20 benzodiazepines (Alprazolam, Bromazepam, Chlordiazepoxide, Clonazepam, Clotiazepam, Cloxazolam, Diazepam, Estazolam, Fludiazepam, Flunitrazepam, Flurazepam, Lorazepam, Lormetazepam, Medazolam, Midazepam, Nimetazepam, Nitrazepam, Oxazepam, Prazepam, Triazolam), the optimum separation condition on HPLC was investigated by using Interactive Computer Optimization for HPLC Separation (ICOS) software. The two eluent systems of 0.02M KH2PO4 (pH 3.1)-methanol-acetonitrile (66.4:5.7:27.9) and 0.1% TFA-methanol-acetonitrile (61.6:16.1:22.3) were selected by HPLC analyses using ICOS. These optimum separation conditions enabled the screening test and identification of the 20 benzodiazepines on HPLC with photodiode array detection.

Benzodiazepines↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Is identification of badly burned cadavers impossible? Reconstruction of the burned facial skull as a basis for roentgen identification].

The described case underlines all difficulties which arise in identification procedure of totally burned human remains. The main problem is the fragility of bone and tooth fragments and the radiological screening of structures of high individual specificity. After the fire in an old beekeeping a totally burned corpse has been found. The fragments of the bones and jaws were fixed with sodium silicate immediately. The viscero-cranium was reconstructed and x-rayed in an modified orthopantomography-x-ray-equipment. The comparison of pre- and postmortem radiographs made a positive identification possible.

Burns↗
PubMed1998

Isolation, identification and immunosuppressive activity of a new IMM-125 metabolite from human liver microsomes. Identification of its cyclophilin A-IMM-125 metabolite complex by nanospray tandem mass spectrometry.

The isolation from human liver microsomes and identification by electrospray mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry of a new metabolite of IMM-125 resulting from the biotransformation of the amino acid 1 vinylic methyl group to a carboxylic acid, called the IMM-125-COOH metabolite, is described. It was found that the complex of this new metabolite with cyclophilin A is formed less easily than the corresponding cyclophilin A-IMM-125-CH2OH main metabolite and cyclophilin A-IMM-125 complexes. However, when formed, the IMM-125-COOH metabolite-cyclophilin A complex requires more collision-induced dissociation (CID) to dissociate the complex than the complexes formed with the two other ligands. The nanospray tandem mass spectrum of the IMM-125-COOH metabolite-cyclophilin A complex (m/z 1755) gives rise to cyclophilin A-ligand complexes of m/z 1751 by elimination of CO2 and of m/z 1749 by loss of CO2 and H2O or glycerol. Since immunosuppressive activity is known to be dependent on the formation of a binary complex between cyclophilin A and the drug and since the target for the binary complex was found to be the calcium- and calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase, calcineurin, it could be interesting to measure for structurally related immunosuppressive drugs the CID energy necessary to dissociate the binary complexes in order to evaluate whether a correlation with the phosphatase activity could be derived.

Biotransformation↗
PubMed2000

The information encrypted in accurate peptide masses-improved protein identification and assistance in glycopeptide identification and characterization.

Analytically useful information from accurate mass data for peptides with an error of </=20 ppm is discussed. The deltamass (= mass value following the decimal point) distribution of natural peptides is extracted from a protein database. Compared with the random peptide data, the natural data show a higher average deltamass value and a smaller width of the mass distribution. This deviation can be ascribed to the non-random abundances of the standard amino acids. In particular, accurate mass data for peptides located near the edges of the natural mass distribution contain analytical information. Mass data near the edges generate very few hits in a protein database search and are therefore highly specific for protein identification. Mass signals near the low-mass edge indicate either a high probability that the peptide contains one or several cysteine sites, or that the peptide is highly acidic due to the presence of several D and/or E residues or that it is a glycopeptide. Mass data near the high-mass edge indicate a non-polar peptide with a high abundance of the non-polar amino acids leucine, isoleucine and valine. An Internet page is introduced that analyzes the deviation of a peptide mass from the average deltamass value and that supports the characterization of glycopeptides found near the low-mass edge of the mass distribution.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Identification of cannabichromene metabolites by mass spectrometry: identification of eight new dihydroxy metabolites in the rabbit.

Metabolites of cannabichromene (CBC) produced by hepatic microsomal incubates from rabbits and mice were examined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) as trimethylsilyl (TMS) and (2H9)TMS derivatives. Most metabolites were hydroxylated compounds whose mass spectra gave very little information on metabolite structure as fragmentation was dominated by formation of the substituted chromenyl ion. This prevented charge localization and diagnostic fragmentation at the site of metabolic attack. This paper describes the identification of these metabolites by GC/MS techniques using both deuterium-exchange reactions and hydrogenation of the metabolites to tetrahydro derivatives; the latter method was used to suppress chromenyl ion formation and to enhance the relative abundance of diagnostic fragment ions. Twenty-one metabolites were identified. Metabolites were found hydroxylated in all positions of both aliphatic chains, with additional compounds formed by epoxidation and reduction of the aliphatic double bond in the methylpentenyl chain. Dihydroxy metabolites were hydoxylated in both the pentyl and methylpentenyl chains in positions common to those hydroxylated in the monohydroxy metabolites.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Development of RNA-SSCP protocols for the identification and screening of CFTR mutations: identification of two new mutations.

A strategy is described that allows a rapid and accurate identification and screening of cystic fibrosis gene mutations. It consists of setting up and developing RNA single strand conformation polymorphism (rSSCP) protocols, a technique based on the large repertoire of secondary structure of single-stranded RNA. By incorporating the T7 phage promoter sequence into PCR primers, it is possible to carry out rSSCP and compare it to standard single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP). Several parallel tests indicate that rSSCP detects a higher fraction of single base changes, and is less time consuming than SSCP since it requires only one fairly short electrophoretic run. Using this technique we were able to identify two new splicing mutations in introns 5 (711 + 5G-->A) and 10 (1717-8G-->A) of the CFTR gene.

Cystic Fibrosis↗
PubMed1997

Identification of a ferritin light chain pseudogene near the glycerol kinase locus in Xp21 by cDNA amplification for identification of genomic expressed sequences.

We used cDNA amplification for identification of genomic expressed sequences (CAIGES) to identify genes in the glycerol kinase region of the human X chromosome. During these investigations we identified the sequence for a ferritin light chain (FTL) pseudogene in this portion of Xp21. A human liver cDNA library was amplified by vector primers, labeled, and hybridized to Southern blots of EcoRI-digested human genomic DNA from cosmids isolated from yeast artificial chromosomes in the glycerol kinase region of Xp21. A 3.1-kb restriction fragment hybridized with the cDNA library, was subcloned and sequenced, and a 440-bp intronless sequence was found with strong similarity to the FTL coding sequence. Therefore, the FTL pseudogene that had been mapped previously to Xp22.3-21.2 was localized specifically to the glycerol kinase region. The CAIGES method permits rapid screening of genomic material and will identify genomic sequences with similarities to genes expressed in the cDNA library used to probe the cloned genomic DNA, including pseudogenes.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1995

A new surgical method from the viewpoint of personal identification: a case of identification based on the presence of a metallic Z-stent.

To the best of our knowledge, the first case of successful personal identification based on the characteristic finding of a metallic Z-stent, unexpectedly discovered in the common bile duct, is reported. An unknown human male cadaver was found at the seaside. The age was estimated to be approximately 50-70 years and the postmortem interval was considered to be approximately 2 weeks. There was a small surgical scar of 1.5 cm in diameter in the epigastrium. The cadaver was group A in the ABO blood group system. Internally, the following severe injuries were observed: the dislocation of the occipito-atlantal joint, fractures of the cervical and thoracic portions of the spinal column, multiple fractures of the bilateral ribs, and ruptures of the spleen, left kidney and liver. Furthermore, a 4.5 cm long metallic stent was found in the common bile duct, and the gallbladder was not thoroughly identified because of the severely tight adhesion of the surrounding tissues. In every cut surface of the liver, multiple bile plaques, signifying the presence of long-standing cholestasis, were conspicuous. A microscopic examination revealed the invasion of cancer cells into the liver, which was diagnosed as well or moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, although the primary origin of the adenocarcinoma could not be determined. The cause of his death was diagnosed as traumatic shock. According to the police investigation after the autopsy, it was revealed that a 60-year-old male, suffering from gallbladder carcinoma, had disappeared.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Common Bile Duct↗
PubMed2006

Identification of Streptococcus iniae by commercial bacterial identification systems.

The fish pathogen Streptococcus iniae cannot be identified by most commercial bacterial identification systems. The results presented here indicate that over 70% of our S. iniae isolates have been identified using the Biolog(R) GP microplate panels and Microlog(R) database. The isolates were confirmed as S. iniae by specific PCR methods and have been found to conform to the result obtained with the type strain S. iniae ATCC 29178.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Automated ultra-high-pressure multidimensional protein identification technology (UHP-MudPIT) for improved peptide identification of proteomic samples.

Multidimensional separation is one of the most successful approaches for proteomics studies that deal with complex samples. We have developed an automated ultra-high-pressure multidimensional liquid chromatography system that operates up to approximately 20 kpsi to improve separations and increase protein coverage from limited amount of samples. The reversed-phase gradient is operated in the constant-flow mode opposed to the constant-pressure mode, which is typical of previous ultra-high-pressure systems. In contrast to constant-pressure systems, the gradient shape is fully controllable and can be optimized for the type of samples to be run. The system also features fast sample loading/desalting using a vented column approach to improve sample throughput. This approach was validated on a soluble fraction from yeast lysate where we achieved approximately 30% more protein identifications using a 60-cm-long triphasic capillary column than with our traditional approach. Advantages of the use of a relatively long reversed-phase column (approximately 50 cm) for MudPIT-type experiments are also discussed.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cheminformatics analysis of organic substituents: identification of the most common substituents, calculation of substituent properties, and automatic identification of drug-like bioisosteric groups.

A large set of more than 3 million molecules was processed to find all the organic substituents contained in the set and to identify the most common ones. During the analysis, 849 574 unique substituents were found. Extrapolated to the number of known organic molecules, this result suggests that about 3.1 million substituents are known. Based on these findings the size of virtual organic chemistry space accessible using currently known synthetic methods is estimated to be between 10(20) and 10(24) molecules. The extracted substituents were characterized by calculated electronic, hydrophobic, steric, and hydrogen bonding properties as well as by the drug-likeness index. Various possible applications of such a large database of drug-like substituents characterized by calculated properties are discussed and illustrated by reference to a Web-based tool for automatic identification of bioisosteric groups.

Journal Article↗