Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Hemoperfusion”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

The effect of repeated hemoperfusion over charcoal in the conscious rat on liver pathophysiology.

An investigation has been made into the effects of repeated charcoal hemoperfusion in the rat on liver pathophysiology. Animals underwent hemoperfusion over Norit RBX1 charcoal using a technique which allowed perfusion in the unrestrained and conscious state, thus minimizing any possible effects from stress and eliminating the necessity of repeated anesthesia. Controls consisted of animals subjected to perfusion through empty columns and animals cannulated only. Liver weight, function, and histology were recorded at various times following hemoperfusion and control procedures. The results show that repeated charcoal hemoperfusion is well tolerated in the rat and can be performed safely with no deleterious effects on liver tissue.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1983

Charcoal hemoperfusion for treatment of ethchlorvynol overdose.

Charcoal hemoperfusion is commonly employed to treat overdose of a number of drugs. There are varying reports of its efficacy in the treatment of ethchlorvynol overdose. Herein is reported a case of ethchlorvynol overdose successfully treated with charcoal hemoperfusion within 5 h of ingestion of 12.5 g of the drug. The patient was deeply comatose at that time but recovered consciousness at the end of 4 h of hemoperfusion. Ethchlorvynol clearance over the charcoal varied from 118 to 147 ml/min. There were no bleeding complications. Prompt charcoal hemoperfusion may be an effective mode of treatment in cases of ethchlorvynol intoxication.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Removal of inhibitors of brain Na+, K+-ATPase by hemoperfusion in fulminant hepatic failure.

Serum from patients with fulminant hepatic failure inhibits rat brain Na+, K+-ATPase activity in vitro. The effect of hemoperfusion on the level of inhibition was investigated with both resin and charcoal columns in clinical use. In the patient perfusions, the mean inhibitory activity of serum fell from 34.7 +/- 1.6 (SE) to 20.9 +/- 1.5% compared with pooled control serum when a resin column was used for the first time and from 26.9 +/- 2.2 to 20.4 +/- 1.7% with charcoal hemoperfusion, a statistically significant (p less than 0.01) removal in both groups. Column chromatography on Sephadex G-25 of material eluted from the resin column post-hemoperfusion and of serum ultrafiltrates before and after in vitro adsorption with charcoal showed considerable overlap in the profile of the substances removed, but with some peaks removed by only one adsorbent. Combinations of resin and charcoal in one hemoperfusion should remove a wider range of potentially toxic substances.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1985

Resin hemoperfusion in hepatic porphyrias.

In three types of hepatic porphyrias, 32 hemoperfusions over polyhema-coated Amberlite XAD-2 resin were performed. An attack of acute intermittent porphyria subsided after a 6-h hemoperfusion. During the procedure, 13 L of plasma was completely cleared of porphyrins. In a child with variegate porphyria, the laboratory changes were slight and no clinical effect of hemoperfusion was seen. In a patient suffering from porphyria cutanea tarda resistant to standard therapy, 30 hemoperfusions were performed during a period of 10 months. The total plasma porphyrin concentration increased sharply following the start of the treatment, and preceding the fifth procedure it reached a peak of four times the initial value. Since then, the plasma porphyrin level decreased, eventually to one-half the starting value. The mean drop in porphyrin level during each perfusion was 22%. Similar changes were observed in the amount of porphyrins excreted into the urine, which, following an early rise, decreased to 25% of the initial value. However, the patient's skin vulnerability improved only slightly. There were no untoward effects of the treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Continuous arteriovenous hemoperfusion in acute poisoning.

We have investigated the efficacy of a pumpless hemoperfusion technique, continuous arteriovenous hemoperfusion (CAVHP) in 3 cases of acute intoxications with meprobamate, theophylline and phenobarbital. Dramatic responses were noted in both hemodynamic unstable and comatous patients. With this technique, a blood flow of 120 cm3/min could be achieved in severe hypotension. Moreover, with the restoration of blood pressure, blood flow increased to 150-400 cm3/min. Our preliminary experience has shown that CAVHP allows an exceptionally high solute elimination. Hemoperfusion clearances of meprobamate, phenobarbital and theophylline were 198 +/- 5.6 cm3/min, 290.25 +/- 25.33 cm3/min and 192.79 +/- 55 cm3/min, respectively. Our present results suggest that CAVHP is a simple, safe, effective and less costly alterative of conventional hemoperfusion.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Hemoperfusion with uncoated amberlite XE-336 resin in normal and uremic dogs.

Amberlite XE-336 is a pyrolized polystyrene resin with an adsorptive spectrum similar to activated charcoal. 5 normal (group I) and 5 uremic (group II) dogs had 6 h of hemoperfusion with a 400-gram column of Amberlite XE-336 resin with a blood flow rate of 300 ml/min. In group II during 0, 0.5, 1, 3, and 6 h of hemoperfusion the mean column clearances of creatinine were 273 +/- 10, 224 +/- 7, 177 +/- 8, 125 +/- 30, and 64 +/- 17 ml/min and the serum creatinine concentration decreased from 10.4 +/- 1.3 to 3.2 +/- 0.9 mg/dl. In one of the uremic dogs the column clearance of middle molecules measured at 0, 0,5, 1, 3, and 6 h of hemoperfusion was 273,258,101,109, and 23 ml/min. The side reactions in group I and II hemoperfusion studies included transient hypotension, hypocalcemia, leukopenia and a reduction in platelet count.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1982

Treatment of podophyllin poisoning with resin hemoperfusion.

1 A 43-year-old man was admitted in a coma after oral ingestion of a suspected lethal dose of podophyllin solution in alcohol. 2 Hemoperfusion with a resin filter was started 7 h after ingestion. Hemoperfusion rapidly decreased plasma concentrations of podophyllotoxin with an extraction ratio of 0.76 over the filter. The relatively low plasma concentrations of podophyllotoxin and consequently small amount removed might be explained by the rapid metabolism of the drug to an unknown derivate. 3 This metabolite was completely cleared during passage over the filter, suggesting the removal of significant amounts of podophyllotoxin metabolites. 4 No neurological deficit was observed before or after hemoperfusion. At a two-month follow-up the patient remained healthy. Hemoperfusion may possibly prevent the development of coma and neurologic deficit with loss of deep tendon reflexes.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Results of hemodialysis & hemoperfusion in the treatment of acute arsenic ingestion.

Hemodialysis and charcoal hemoperfusion have been used in the last few years for the treatment of acute toxin ingestion. We used these methods to treat a patient with a known ingestion of 1.3 grams of arsenic trioxide. We measured blood and urine levels of arsenic prior to and after dialytic therapy in addition to before and after conventional chelation therapy. The blood and urine levels showed no significant change with any therapy and clinically he lapsed into prolonged coma. In view of the lack of laboratory and clinical response, we feel that hemodialysis and hemoperfusion may not be indicated in acute massive ingestion. Supportive care to maintain blood pressure and urinary output may be all there is to offer. In recent years both hemodialysis and hemoperfusion have been introduced as treatment of accidental or deliberate drug or toxin ingestion. (1-4) There have been previous reports on the supposedly successful treatment of arsenic ingestion with hemodialysis. (5-6) We report our experience with a massive ingestion of arsenic trioxide. This patient received treatment with conventional chelating agents, standard hemodialysis, as well as hemoperfusion, without evidence of significant removal of arsenic or clinical benefit.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Digoxin acute intoxication: evaluation of the efficiency of charcoal hemoperfusion.

Since there is no widely used method of reducing the severity of massive digoxin intoxication, the capacity of hemoperfusion with coated, activated charcoal to remove digoxin was evaluated in a case of suicidal digoxin ingestion (25 mg). Seven hours after ingestion the digoxin plasma level was equal to 8.9 ng/ml. This was decreased to 4.5 ng/ml after 6 hr hemoperfusion. The amount of digoxin adsorbed by the column represents 4.8% of the absorbed dose. At a blood flow rate of 170 ml/min, the mean digoxin clearance by hemoperfusion was 44.5 +/- 26.9 ml/min. From these results we conclude that charcoal hemoperfusion in acute digoxin intoxication is of little value.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Massive digitoxin intoxication. Treatment of Amberlite XAD 4 resin hemoperfusion.

Amberlite XAD 4 resin hemoperfusion was studied in the treatment of massive digitoxin overdosage. In vitro experiments using 4 hour resin hemoperfusion showed that digitoxin is removed 100 percent from an isotonic saline reservoir, 83 +/- 14 percent from plasma, and 42 +/- 7 percent from whole blood. In dogs, serum level reduction is fast: 50 +/- 12 percent in 15 minutes, 71 +/- 6 percent in 180 minutes; mean plasma clearance is 24 +/- 6.5 ml/min for a 150 ml/min plasma flow rate. Eleven patients with massive digitoxin overdosage recovered with resin hemoperfusion. Serum level reduction was 32 +/- 14 percent with a 325 g resin column, 59 +/- 6 percent with two 325 g resin columns in series as compared with a 4.5 +/- 1.7 percent reduction without perfusion. Hemoperfusion increased the rate of spontaneous removal of digitoxin 8.6 +/- 3.3 times with a 325 g resin column, and 14 +/- 7.4 times with two 325 g resin columns.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Thallium intoxication treated with combined hemoperfusion-hemodialysis.

A 32-year-old woman who ingested thallium sulfate was treated with combined hemoperfusion-hemodialysis. Classical therapy, including Prussian Blue, was also administered. The clearance rate of the hemoperfusion and hemodialysis were 139 and 47 mL/min, respectively. The efficiencies of these different methods were compared with each other and with the classical methods. It was concluded that hemoperfusion was the most efficient technique in extracting thallium sulfate. The combined hemoperfusion-hemodialysis procedure is proposed for the treatment of severe intoxications with thallium sulfate.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

A comparative study of direct hemoperfusion and hemodialysis for the removal of glufosinate ammonium.

BASTA is a herbicide containing glufosinate ammonium 18.5% and a surface-active agent. There were six fatalities in 34 cases of glufosinate ammonium poisoning reported by the Japan Poison Information Center. To evaluate efficacy in the removal of glufosinate ammonium from the blood, two bottles were prepared containing 600 mL of heparinized bovine blood with 1 mL or 3 mL of BASTA. Direct hemoperfusion or hemodialysis was performed for two hours at a flow rate of 50 mL/min. The final glufosinate ammonium concentration of the blood bottle containing 1 mL of BASTA decreased to 96.9% of the initial concentration after direct hemoperfusion and to 0.5% after hemodialysis. The final glufosinate ammonium concentration of the bottle containing 3 mL of BASTA decreased to 62.2% after direct hemoperfusion and to 0.9% after hemodialysis. Hemodialysis is more effective than direct hemoperfusion for removal of glufosinate ammonium from blood.

Aminobutyrates↗
PubMed1979

Resin hemoperfusion for treatment of ethchlorvynol overdose.

Hemoperfusion has been increasingly used to treat drug intoxication. Although efficient extraction rates have been reported with hemoperfusion devices, simultaneous measurements of drug adsorption on the columns and endogenous clearance rates have not been made. We studied three patients who ingested 12 to 22 g of ethchlorvynol (Placidyl). In each patient saline diuresis was induced, and Amberlite XAD-4 resin hemoperfusion was done. Resin extraction of ethchlorvynol was calculated hourly, and the recovery of drugs from each column was measured. Renal clearance of ethchlorvynol was simultaneously measured. The resin removed 100% of perfused ethchlorvynol measured by gas chromatography. Ethchlorvynol recovery from the columns agreed well with calculated extraction. Renal clearance was 1 to 6 mL/min, and estimated metabolic clearance was 16% to 31% of resin extraction rate. Complications included anemia, thrombocytopenia, hypocalcemia, and pancreatitis. Resin hemoperfusion substantially supplements endogenous clearance of ethchlorvynol and is a valuable therapy in ethchlorvynol intoxication.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[Change of leukocytic phagocytosis during repeat hemoperfusion with cross-linked agar beads entrapped attapulgite clay].

The leukocytic phagocytosis rate and the index of phagocytosis of rats on cross-linked agar beads entrapped attapulgite clay (CAA) hemoperfusion were studied. The results revealed that the leukocytic phagocytosis rate and the index of phagocytosis descended significantly after 1 hour and rose gradually after 6 hours. Finally it reached the normal level after 48 hours. Hemoperfusion repeated two times gave similar results. In conclusion, the function of leukocytic phagocytosis declined temporarily during CAA hemoperfusion. Many times hemoperfusion will not notably affect the body's defense system of rats.

Agar↗
PubMed2005

[The effects of direct hemoperfusion using the filtration column filled with the adsorption fiber for immunosuppressive substances on cell-mediated immunity in tumor-bearing rats].

The patients with advanced cancer often lose their anti-tumor immune responses due to the increase of some immunosuppressive substances in the blood, such as cytokines and proteins derived from cancer cells or immune cells. We developed the adsorption fiber in transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta for the treatment to remove immunosuppressive substances and investigated the effects of direct hemoperfusion using the filtration column filled with this adsorption fiber in tumor-bearing rats. On day 0, KDH-8 tumor cells (1 x 10(6) cells/rat) were implanted subcutaneously into the back of WKAH/Hkm rats. On day 21 after tumor implantation, the rats underwent the direct hemoperfusion with this filtration column for 60 minutes. On day 28, the rats were sacrificed and the natural killer (NK) activities of their spleen cells were examined. As a result, the rats that underwent this treatment showed a significant increase in their NK activities compared with those of rats who underwent direct hemoperfusion with an empty column or had no treatment. Therefore, we indicated the possibility of a new immunotherapy technique against cancer using a direct hemoperfusion column filled with an adsorption fiber for immunosuppressive substances.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1986

Elimination of endotoxin from the blood by extracorporeal activated charcoal hemoperfusion in experimental canine endotoxin shock.

Circulating endotoxin is an important factor in the pathogenesis and clinical symptoms of endotoxin shock. The effect of extracorporeal activated charcoal hemoperfusion was investigated in experimental endotoxin shock of dogs produced by i.v. injection of Escherichia coli 089 endotoxin (1 mg/kg body weight). The endotoxin was labeled with 99mTc. The aorta and vein cava caudalis of anesthetized dogs were cannulated through the arteria and vein femorales. The cannulae were contacted to the hemoperfusion charcoal cartridge. The efficiency of hemoperfusion was tested from the blood samples, and the endotoxin content of blood was measured biologically (in lead acetate-treated rats) and isotopically (99mTc radioactivity) at 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min after injection. It was demonstrated that extracorporeal activated charcoal hemoperfusion can eliminate the majority of circulating endotoxin from the blood within 30 min.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Hemoperfusion based on artificial cells for aluminium and iron removal, immunosorption, fulminant hepatic failure, uremia, poisoning and metabolic assists.

The author reviewed artificial cells and their applications in hemoperfusion for chronic renal failure, poisoning, fulminant hepatic failure, removal of aluminium and iron, and metabolic assists. Other areas reviewed included artificial cells containing enzymes, multienzymes, immunosorbents, cell cultures and other areas. Artificial cells can be formed as membrane coated adsorbent or microencapsulated adsorbent, enzymes and cells. The large surface to volume relationship and the ultrathin membrane of artificial cells allows the rapid equilibration of metabolites. Artificial cells containing enzymes, ion exchange resin and activated charcoal have been used for hemoperfusion. The microencapsulated or membrane coated absorbents, enzymes, cells, immunosorbents and other material are prevented from releasing unwanted material into the circulation and prevented from adverse effects on blood cells. Because of the problem of charcoal in releasing emboli and depleting platelets we first developed coated activated charcoal hemoperfusion for clinical application. This has been used extensively in clinical studies. The artificial cell approach has also been applied to a number of other hemoperfusion approaches. The lack of space only allows this paper to summarize some of the approaches originated from this research centre.

Aluminum↗
PubMed1979

An evaluation of the use of hemoperfusion in acute poisoning.

We considered the use of hemoperfusion in the treatment of severe intoxications frequently seen in the Netherlands, primarily involving barbiturates and especially Vesparax (a combination of secobarbital, brallobarbital and hydroxyzine HCl) overdoses. In about 60% of the cases in which hemoperfusion seemed indicated, at least one barbiturate was involved; in about 20%, a Vesparax poisoning was found. From the obtained results it has been proven that for an adapted evaluation of hemoperfusion, in most cases it is not sufficient to determine merely the pre- and post-perfusion plasma levels, but also plasma levels have to be monitored during perfusion at the in- and out-let of the hemoperfusion column. Using these data, clearances and the total amount of drug removed were calculated. A comparison has been made with the elimination by forced diuresis. In some cases plasma elimination half-life values during and after perfusion have been computed and compared.

Adult↗