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PubMedDate not supplied

[Priority health care finances and joint control by the population and the state (Pikine - Senegal) 1975-1981].

Where the government cannot meet wide-ranging health needs of the population and when people are given the opportunity to manage their own affairs and to be involved in decision-making, they can become very efficient. This was demonstrated by an experiment in a senegalese town (450 000 inh.) between 1975 and 1981. A strategy for priority health care with the active participation of the local community was developed to provide a network of acceptable and accessible health services. This was with government support. --The government provides the basic structure of its health services to which the community contributes. It provides the medical staff, technical guidance and logistic support and helps the community volunteers to develop sound accounting procedures. --The community contributes financial and human resources to improve the coverage of the health units. Based on a self-financing system controlled by a health committee per each health unit, communities are in decision making concerning the utilization and management of the community's resources. Procedures to control the community's financial contribution are especially well detailed in the paper. In view of this successful experiment, the minister of public health with the agreement of the government, has recommended that community participation in financing health care services be extended to all regions of the country.

Community Participation↗
PubMed1987

AIDS in Africa: a public health priority.

AIDS and HIV infection are now endemic in many parts of Africa. The infection is mainly transmitted by heterosexual activity, as illustrated by a 1:1 female to male case ratio and high HIV seroprevalence rates in people at risk for sexually transmitted diseases and female prostitutes. Transmission by blood transfusions, contaminated injections and from mother to child is occurring more frequently than in Europe. AIDS will probably have a profound impact on health care programmes and economic development in the continent, and its control should be a public health priority.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed2006

Understanding The American Public's Health Priorities: a 2006 perspective.

Opinion surveys conducted in 2006 show that health care is an important but second-tier issue in terms of priorities for government action. Americans' top health care concerns are mostly related to economic insecurity: rising costs and the problems of the uninsured. The biggest perceived health threats are cancer, HIV/AIDS, and avian flu. Although most Americans do not think that the health system is in crisis, the public remains dissatisfied with both the country's health care and public health systems. These attitudes are likely to create a climate that is supportive of increased health spending and substantial policy changes.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lung cancer: the overlooked womens' health priority.

Lung cancer is a serious women's health issue. The disparity between male and female deaths from lung cancer is narrowing, and the number of women with the disease is increasing. Although health of women is substantially affected by tobacco use, many books on women's health and related programs do not provide information about lung cancer and smoking. Historical definitions of women's health have limited the awareness of the risks of smoking and lung cancer as priority concerns for women. The exclusion of smoking and lung cancer in the current literature on women's health is reviewed. A 10-year review of nursing research in lung cancer prevention and care emphasizes the paucity of work on smoking prevention and cessation. Cancer prevention and detection remain high priorities in nursing care organizations; however, tobacco control policies are almost nonexistent. The healthcare professional's role in tobacco control and health policy, with special attention to the effect on women, is critical.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2007

Do targets matter? A comparison of English and Welsh National Health priorities.

National priorities and performance management regimes in the National Health Services of England and Wales diverged following devolution, most notably with respect to the use of waiting time targets, which have been progressively strengthened in England but were abandoned in Wales in the immediate post-devolution period. We analyse routine data collected over a six-year period from three English and one Welsh hospital trust close to the English-Welsh border to ascertain whether: (a) there is evidence of differential performance over time that relates to the country where the hospital is located; (b) within each hospital, there is evidence that English and Welsh patients faced different waiting times. Over the period the English hospitals recorded increased levels of activity, undertook proportionately more day case activity, and mortality rates fell. Activity levels remained constant in Wales, the proportion of day case activity fell, proportionately more non-elective patients were admitted, and mortality rates rose. There is partial evidence that English patients faced lower waiting times than their Welsh counterparts and were more likely to be admitted within a target waiting period. The stronger performance management regime operating in England appears to have contributed to higher levels of performance in the English hospitals over the period.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

The 1998 Herbert L. Needleman Award Lecture. Adolescent health: priorities for the next millennium.

There have been dramatic changes in adolescent health status over the past decade that have resulted from successful interventions. Overall mortality rates are down 14%, and many morbidities have declined. Today we know many of the elements that reduce risk: parental caring and connectedness, parental expectations for school and parent availability all outweigh family structure, ethnicity, and income. Likewise, schools can be extremely protective when young people feel connectedness. Factors associated with successful interventions include: strengthening families; strengthening educational involvement; expanding economic opportunities; and supporting youth development, not just problem reduction. Priorities for the next decade include: establishing resiliency-building interventions; developing positive correlates of negative behaviors; establishing broader multisectorial interdisciplinary teams; and formulating a new, more inclusive framework for adolescent health and development.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Setting mental health priorities: problems and possibilities.

A recent project at the Hastings Center examined the question of priority setting in the provision of mental health services. A central issue was whether those services should be prioritized independently of other health services. The answer to that question was no: they should have full parity. Even so, priority setting can be a complex venture. At the heart of any such effort will be the relationship between empirical evidence on treatment outcomes and efficacy and the political and ethical interests that legitimately bear on interpreting and using that evidence. An argument is made that a priority should be given those whose suffering and inability to function in ordinary life is most pronounced, even if the available treatment for them is comparatively less efficacious than for other conditions.

Decision Making↗
PubMed1998

International environmental health: priorities from Huairou.

Between August 30 and September 8, 1995, 38,000 women and several hundred men met in Huairou, China, to discuss the global status of women and to lobby for specific wording in the Agenda for Women that was being finalized in Beijing as part of the United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women. This article has two main objectives. The first objective is to summarize the priority concerns identified in Huairou that are related to international environmental health, especially concerns related to women. The second objective is to provide the rationale and documentation that support including these topics as part of professional education and practice in environmental health in the United States. It is hoped that this discussion will aid environmental health professionals in better appreciating the connection between global environmental health problems and local problems and the applicability of gender-relevant environmental health concerns to local programming, policies, and infrastructure.

Congresses as Topic↗