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PubMed2000

[Unplanned emergency admission of dying patients. Causes elucidated by focus group interviews with general practitioners].

Research indicates that the major part of terminally ill and dying patients wish to die at home, but in 1993 actually only 24% of Danish cancer patients died at home. The aim of this study was to analyse some barriers the general practitioners meet in the care for dying patients. The focus was unplanned hospitalisation in the final days of the patient's life contrary to home death as planned. The informal carer's lack of resources and insufficient control of symptoms were found to be the immediate reasons for acute hospitalisation. In addition, if the general practitioner did not have a central position in home care, we found a greater risk of unplanned hospitalisation. The conditions for improving home care for the dying are better support for the informal carer, ongoing access to experts in palliation and improved communication overall in the health service.

Caregivers↗
PubMed2002

The evaluation of a clinical development unit leadership preparation program by focus group interviews - part 2: negative aspects.

In Western Sydney, Australia, in 1996, the Area Health Service and the University of Western Sydney entered a strategic alliance to develop a nursing research culture in the health services. One of the strategies implemented to achieve this was the establishment of a network of research-receptive environments known as Clinical Development Units (CDUs). In terms of research receptivity, evidence at the time suggested that it could only be developed in units where the leadership style is democratic and participatory. In terms of CDUs, evidence suggested that their successful development depended critically on the effective management of CDU leadership stressors. In light of this, it was agreed to conduct a CDU leadership preparation program in Western Sydney. The program aimed to furnish CDU leaders with the participatory leadership skills required to develop and manage their units. It was expected that the acquisition of such leadership skills would serve to minimize the leadership stessors they could expect to experience. This is the second of two papers which report course evaluation data. The first focused on the more positive evaluation data; this paper focuses on the negative evaluation data and outlines how the current program has been modified in light of these data. In addition, it discusses two themes which emerged during data analysis. These were nurses' apparent mutual lack of trust and their pressing needs to be recognized as valuable and merit-worthy.

Anecdotes as Topic↗
PubMed2004

Focus group interviews examining attitudes toward medical research among the Japanese: a qualitative study.

OBJECTIVES: the purpose of ths study is to explore laypersons' attitudes towards and experiences of medical research, and to compare them with those of physicians in Japan. Designs and Participants: fourteen Japanese adults from the general public and seven physicians participated in one of three focus interviews. SETTING: Osaka, Japan. RESULTS: trust and distrust in the physician by whom the participants were invited to participate in research played a considerable role in their decisions about participation. That the participants felt an obligation to participate was also expressed. The lay participants perceived medical research as something entirely outside of their world. A greater willingness to volunteer for research was expressed if there were direct benefits to themselves or their families. Research methods such as use of placebos, double blinds, and randomisations seemed to cause negative attitudes to medical research. All physicians were convinced of the need for medical research, including double-blinded randomised control trials, and its significant role in medical progress. Most physicians thought that the greater awareness of the need for medical research in the community and a better understanding of the psychology of potential research participants were necessary and urgent. CONCLUSIONS: there is a good possibility that the lay public and medical professionals have sharply different beliefs about and attitudes towards every aspect of medical research. Building up a better and equal patient-doctor relationship based on trust is a key issue in medical research, and it is mandatory to fill the gap in perception regarding medical research between them through fully informed debates.

Adult↗