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Health visitors' awareness and perception of clinical genetic services.

A questionnaire was sent to 84 health visitors to assess their awareness and perception of genetic services and how they perceived their role in the referral of patients. The study showed that while health visitors had a reasonable knowledge of the more obvious aspects of genetic services, there were a number of areas in which they were unsure. The respondents did not identify themselves as prime initiators in the process of referring patients to a genetic service, although they appeared able to identify families on their caseloads for whom this service may be relevant. Health visitors viewed their own knowledge of genetics as poor, a factor which may account for the low referral rate initiated by this group of professionals. The respondents attached importance to genetic issues and 76 (95%) wished to be better informed about the subject. It is suggested that the inclusion of genetics as part of an in-service training programme might fulfil this need and lead to greater advocacy of genetic services among the families in their care. These findings are of interest in view of the proposals within the recent Royal College of Physicians report (Prenatal screening and genetic counselling) suggesting that community genetic services should make use of primary health care workers such as health visitors.

Genetics, Medical↗

[Radiology within the framework of general medicine].

The concept of radiology as an independent basic discipline in medicine has provided a forceful stimulus for the development of this branch of medicine. Due to possible hazards the task of administering ionizing radiation to human subjects should in principle be in the hands of the medical radiologist. Medical radiology must assume the trusteeship for human genetics in the field of ionizing radiation. Although the doubling of the genetically significant dose in Switzerland from 22.3 mr in 1957 to 42.9 mr in 1971 is still within acceptable limits, extreme caution is required. If appropriate precautions are taken,the danger can be controlled without loss of medical effectiveness. The measures involve not only technical aspects; education directed at the thinking of the physicians concerned is also deemed essential. Radiologic procedures will become even more efficient as training is improved and as estensive coordination with other medical disciplines is achieved. Special attention must be paid to the shortage of trained radiologists and technical personnel.

Allied Health Personnel↗

Who are the next generation of genetic counselors? A survey of students.

Genetic counseling students were surveyed about their backgrounds, application process to genetic counseling programs, and career motivations and plans. Program directors from 27 accredited programs were asked to distribute 362 surveys to students. Fifty-two survey items assess demographics; sources of support for pursuing a genetic counseling career (information about genetic counseling, encouragement/discouragement from others); career motivations (reasons for applying and for becoming a genetic counselor); and career certainty. Two hundred and thirty-five usable surveys were returned (64.9% usable return rate). Most respondents were Caucasian females (mean age = 25.4 years). About 13% identified as ethnic minorities, and about one-third reported family histories of a genetic condition(s). Most respondents learned about the field in classes, and most were strongly encouraged by family and friends to pursue genetic counseling. Reasons rated as most important for becoming a genetic counselor included helping others and intellectual stimulation. Recruitment, training, and research recommendations are given.

Adult↗

Genetics business booming yet uncertain.

For all their high profile, US biotechnology companies in genetics do not yet seem to offer a stable career, because of uncertainties about corporate performance. Meanwhile, attempts are being made to assess the future shape of genetic counselling services, and to attract non-biologists to genome research.

Biotechnology↗

School health nursing: framework for the future. Part II.

The relative prestige that school health nursing currently enjoys provides a positive climate in which to advance this nursing specialty. To fully capture this advantage, the profession and its practitioners need to address some practice issues while reinforcing its community-based influence on the health and educational success of America's school-age children. Part I of this series addressed the societal environment in which school nursing finds itself, the factors that support school health nursing programs, and the need to develop new and expanded partnerships. Part II speaks to the professional, practice, and management issues facing school nurses and offers strategies for creating a solid framework in the 21st century.

Adolescent↗

Medical practice and genetics in the mid-Michigan area.

In this report the authors provide information on the knowledge of and attitudes on genetics of allopathic and osteopathic physicians of the Mid-Michigan area. The type of degree (M.D. or D.O.) made no difference with respect to physicians' knowledge of genetics, while their specialty and year of graduation from medical school each had a significant impact on the physicians' genetic performance. Although there are important differences by specialty area, the average score on a multiple-choice genetic knowledge test was approximately 50 percent correct. Respondents were more likely to indicate a lack of knowledge than to choose an incorrect answer, but the overall level of knowledge was low. Ninety-two percent of the respondents stated that their present knowledge was inadequate and preferred continuing medical education courses and case-related conferences to increase their knowledge.

Adult↗