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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Acute toxicity of ferulenol, a 4-hydroxycoumarin isolated from Ferula communis L.

The acute LD50s of ferulenol were determined in albino mice by single po or ip as 2,100 and 319 mg/kg bw, respectively. Ferulenol had a higher LD50 compared to warfarin and thus has a lower acute toxicity. Three days after ferulenol administration, dosed animals showed hypoprothrombinemia with internal and external hemorrhages similar to those described in ferulosys and anti-vitamin K experimental poisonings. Male mice were more sensitive to intoxication by ferulenol than were females.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2005

Genetic structure of the Pleurotus eryngii species-complex.

Assessment of genetic and phenotypic diversity is necessary to confidently distinguish genotypes of Pleurotus eryngii when seeking traits of interest and to identify strains with high yield potential. We studied 154 strains from Italy for quantitative (shape, size and yield), qualitative (colour, malformations and growing behaviour), and molecular (RAPD and minisatellite) traits. This population consisted of isolates mostly belonging to P. eryngii var. eryngii, var. ferulae or var. nebrodensis, from different regions of Italy. A replicated cultivation trial, with three blocks and three replicates for each strain within the block, was used as an experimental design to calculate trait estimates. Significant differences were observed between strains for basidiome number and weight, while no significant differentiation for quantitative morphological traits was observed between geographical origins and taxonomic groups. Qualitative morphological traits were efficient in differentiating isolates of P. eryngii var. nebrodensis. On average, yield per strain (basidiome weight) was correlated more with basidiome number than with size. The most stable yield traits were basidiome number and weight per strain. An average heritability of 0.31 was estimated for yield related traits. A significant difference between var. ferulae and var. eryngii populations was detected for basidiome production measured as 'average harvest time'. Molecular markers showed a high level of heterogeneity within populations and a low, but significant, degree of differentiation among populations defined a priori. No population-specific marker was detected and the differential pattern of variation between vars. ferulae and eryngii was due to frequency-dependent alleles. The nebrodensis type was more differentiated from var. eryngii than from var. ferulae using either molecular or qualitative morphological traits.

Genetic Markers↗
PubMed2001

Genetic polymorphism and taxonomic infrastructure of the Pleurotus eryngii species-complex as determined by RAPD analysis, isozyme profiles and ecomorphological characters.

The Pleurotus eryngii species-complex includes populations of choice edible mushrooms, growing in the greater Mediterranean area in close association with different genera of plants of the family Apiaceae. Their distinct host-specialization served as the principal criterion for the discrimination of several taxa; however, the genetic relationships among the various P. eryngii ecotypes remain ambiguous. In the present study, 46 Pleurotus strains with a wide range of geographical origins were isolated from Eryngium spp., Ferula communis, Cachrys ferulacea, Thapsia garganica and Elaeoselinum asclepium subsp. asclepium, and were subjected to isozyme and random amplified polymorphic DNA-PCR (RAPD) analysis. The 16 enzyme activities tested were controlled by 28 loci, 11 of which were monomorphic. Host-exclusive zymograms for the Aph (acid phosphatase) and Phe-1 (dopa-phenoloxidase) loci were obtained from Pleurotus strains associated with C. ferulacea. Allele frequencies, genetic diversity and mean diversity were high for isolates from Eryngium spp. and Ferula communis. In RAPD analysis, the use of five primers allowed the production of 45 (out of 48) polymorphic bands, while four molecular markers specific for the identification of Pleurotus strains growing on E. asclepium subsp. asclepium and C. ferulacea were obtained. The Pleurotus strains produced 35 distinct electrophoretic types and 42 RAPD patterns, which independently permitted the separation of the fungal populations into five clusters in accordance with their host-specificity. In addition, the evaluation of the principal ecological and morphological characters provided further evidence for discriminating between P. nebrodensis growing on C. ferulacea and the rest of the host-associated populations. The latter represent taxa at the varietal level: P. eryngii var. eryngii, P. eryngii var. ferulae and P. eryngii var. elaeoselini. The position of taxa of dubious validity, such as P. hadamardii and P. fossulatus, is discussed in relation to the new findings. All Mediterranean Pleurotus populations growing on umbellifers seem to have recently diverged through a sympatric speciation process, that is based on both intrinsic reproductive barriers and extrinsic ecogeographical factors.

Apiaceae↗
PubMed2004

Protective effects of selected medicinal plants against protein degradation, lipid peroxidation and deformability loss of oxidatively stressed human erythrocytes.

The effects of seven medicinal plants including Artemisia herba-alba, Ferula hermonis, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Nigella sativa, Teucrium polium, Trigonella foenum-graecum, and Allium sativum on protein degradation, lipid peroxidation, erythrocyte deformability and osmotic fragility of erythrocytes exposed in vitro to 10 mM H(2)O(2) for 60 min at 37 degrees C have been examined. Preincubation of erythrocytes with Nigella sativa and Allium sativum protected erythrocytes against protein degradation, loss of deformability and increased osmotic fragility caused by H(2)O(2), while the other plants failed to protect erythrocytes against these damages. Artemisia herba-alba did not protect erythrocytes against lipid peroxidation, while Trigonella foenum-graecum unexpectedly increased lipid peroxidation of erythrocytes exposed to H(2)O(2). Ferula hermonis, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Nigella sativa, Teucrium polium and Allium sativum protected erythrocytes against lipid peroxidation. The results indicate the importance of oxidatively damaged cellular proteins in compromising the rheologic behaviour of the erythrocytes, and that the medicinal plants which have anti-protein-oxidant activity (e.g. Nigella sativa and Allium sativum) could be rheologically useful, particularly in pathological conditions related to free radicals.

Alanine↗
PubMed2006

Ferutinin stimulates nitric oxide synthase activity in median eminence of the rat.

Several species of Ferula genus have been used in folk medicine in digestive disorders, rheumatism, headache, arthritis, and as tranquilizers, antispasmodic and aphrodisiac. From the dry and powdered roots of Ferula hermonis Boiss was extracted the oxygenated sesquiterpene 1,5-trans-daucane type: ferutinine (1). The structure of (1) was established by spectroscopic methods as: IR, (1)H RMN, (13)C RMN, COSY, HMBC, HMQC, NOESY, EIMS, and CIMS. The possible signaling pathway of ferutinin (1) in nervous tissue in vitro was assessed and the results showed that this compound is able to increase nitric oxide synthase activity and inositol monophosphate accumulation (49%, each) in the median eminence of the rat brain, suggesting that compound (1) is associated to the activation of phosphoinositide breakdown and nitric oxide production (NO), the last is a gaseous intercellular messenger known to play a broad role in human biology from homeostasis to pathology.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Asafoetida inhibits early events of carcinogenesis: a chemopreventive study.

Ferula (a genus of many species) commonly known as asafoetida is used as a flavoring agent in food and is used as a traditional medicine for many diseases in many parts of world. In the current investigation, we report the antioxidant and anticarcinogenic potential of asafoetida (Ferula narthex) in swiss albino mice. A single dose of TPA (20 nmol/0.2 ml acetone/animal), a known tumor promoter decreased the cellular antioxidant level significantly (p<0.01) when applied topically to mice skin. It also induced the ODC activity, rate of DNA synthesis, hydrogen peroxide level, xanthine oxidase activity and protein carbonyl content in mice skin significantly (p<0.01). These events are early biomarkers of carcinogenesis. However, the pretreatment of animals with asafoetida (300, 400 and 500 microg/200 microl acetone/animal) caused the reversal of all events significantly (p<0.01). The pretreament of animals with asafoetida recovered the antioxidant level and reversed the induced ODC activity and DNA synthesis significantly (p<0.01). We conclude that asafoetida is a potent antioxidant and can afford protection against free radical mediated diseases such as carcinogenesis.

Administration, Topical↗