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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Pseudomonas aeruginosa O-11 folliculitis. Development into ecthyma gangrenosum in immunosuppressed patients.

Six immunocompromised patients were shown to exhibit Pseudomonas aeruginosa folliculitis in apocrine regions similar to "swimming pool" folliculitis. The lesions evolved within 24 hours as severe ecthyma gangrenosum. The source of the P aeruginosa, serotype O-11, was found in the water system of the hospital. Clinical identification of the lesions and early treatment is important to prevent severe manifestations.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis. Report of two cases with a review of the Japanese literature.

Two Japanese patients, a 29-year-old woman and a 21-year-old man, had typical eosinophilic pustular folliculitis characterized by pruritic, tiny, red, follicular papulopustules on the face and trunk and eosinophilia in the peripheral blood. The second patient also had palmoplantar pustular lesions. A review of the literature revealed that this folliculitis primarily affects the seborrheic areas and that in one fifth of the patients palmoplantar lesions are a concomitant finding.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Cytologic findings in Demodex folliculitis: a case report and review of the literature.

Infectious folliculitis of the head and neck has various etiologies, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. Accurate morphologic recognition of microorganisms in biopsy and cytologic specimens is paramount in facilitating appropriate therapy. We report a case of a 37-yr-old white male with Demodex folliculitis, who presented with an extensive and painful erythematous pustular skin lesion along the right face and scalp in a dermatome pattern clinically suggestive of Varicella zoster. Examination of scraped smears obtained from one of these pustules revealed numerous parasitic organisms having morphologic features typical of Demodex. Herein, we describe the patient's clinical presentation, discuss the cytologic findings of scrape smears, and briefly review the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Organisms associated with gram-negative folliculitis: in vitro growth in the presence of isotretinoin.

Isotretinoin has been found to be effective in the treatment of Gram-negative folliculitis. We investigated the direct in vitro antibacterial activity of isotretinoin against Gram-negative species. The concentrations of isotretinoin tested were two and ten times greater than the maximal levels attained in the sera of patients receiving oral isotretinoin. Regardless of the inoculum size, each organism tested grew as well in isotretinoin-containing media as it did in the control medium. These findings suggest that the efficacy of isotretinoin in patients with Gram-negative folliculitis is due to mechanisms other than direct antimicrobial action.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1991

Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis.

Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis is characterized by the spontaneous development of recurrent, sterile papules, pustules, and plaques on the face, trunk, arms, and occasionally the palms and soles. Although the large majority of the reported cases have occurred in Eastern Asians, most patients in the United States have been infants or men seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus. We describe a North American woman with eosinophilic pustular folliculitis who was neither seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus nor of Asiatic descent.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

A review of 55 cases of cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia: reassessment of the histopathologic findings leading to reclassification of 4 lesions as cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma and 19 as pseudolymphomatous folliculitis.

To clarify the confusion surrounding the diagnosis of cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia (CLH) that was formerly described as lymphadenosis benigna cutis, lymphocytoma cutis, or lymphocytic infiltration of Jessner and to assess whether newly recognized diagnoses, such as cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma and pseudolymphomatous folliculitis (PLF), may have been overlooked, we reexamined 55 Japanese cases of nonepidermotropic lymphoproliferative disorder that had previously been diagnosed as "cutaneous pseudolymphoma." In all these cases, the immunohistochemical expressions of CD1a, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20, CD21, CD30, CD43, CD56, CD68, CD79a, kappa and lambda chains, S-100 protein, and latent membrane protein were assessed. In addition, in 13 cases the gene rearrangement of the immunoglobulin heavy chain was investigated using a polymerase chain reaction method. As a result of these investigations, we have identified 4 cases of cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma, 19 cases of PLF, 1 case of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and 2 cases of solitary nonepidermotropic pseudo-T-cell lymphoma, with the remaining 29 cases being CLH. Cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma, which represented 7.3% of the total, was distinguished from CLH by the presence of patchy or diffuse proliferation of centrocyte-like cells, plasma cells at the periphery of the lymphocytic infiltration, monotypic restriction of the light chains, and gene rearrangement of the immunoglobulin heavy chain. Pseudolymphomatous folliculitis was identified by the presence of activated pilosebaceous units with abundant CD1a-and S-100 protein-positive T-cell-activated dendritic cells. Of the cases that were reassessed, 34.5% were PLF.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1985

Pityrosporum folliculitis: a common disease of the young and middle-aged.

Fifty-one patients, thirty-nine women and twelve men, with Pityrosporum folliculitis are described. This investigation clearly demonstrates that Pityrosporum folliculitis is a real entity. The diagnosis is based primarily on the clinical picture, direct microscopy, histopathology, and the effect of antimycotic treatment. The typical patient is a woman of 30 years with itching follicular papules and pustules localized to the upper trunk or upper arms. Direct microscopy reveals round yeast cells and sometimes even hyphae. In biopsy specimens, abundant round budding yeast cells and occasionally hyphae are seen in a dilated follicle. Yeast growth is obtained only on lipid-enriched media. Twenty-five patients were treated with selenium sulfide shampoo, twelve with 50% propylene glycol in water, and ten with topical econazole cream with good results. Cure or marked improvement was seen after 3 to 4 weeks, but symptoms and lesions recurred if treatment was not continued intermittently. Predisposing factors such as occlusion and greasy skin are probably important, and future studies should focus on fungal hypersensitivity, quantitative variations in the number of Pityrosporum orbiculare, lipid composition of the skin, and extended epidemiologic data.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1985

Treatment of gram-negative folliculitis with isotretinoin: positive clinical and microbiologic response.

Thirty-two patients with gram-negative folliculitis were treated with 0.47 to 1.0 mg/kg/day of isotretinoin. Serial microbiologic evaluations demonstrated rapid clearing of the face and nasal mucosa of gram-negative rods. The clinical response was rapid, complete, and induced prolonged remissions. Twenty-six of thirty-two patients developed Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage by the end of the 20-week treatment course. Isotretinoin has decided advantages over previously reported therapies for gram-negative folliculitis.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1986

An immunologic and cultural study of Pityrosporum folliculitis.

In patients with Pityrosporum folliculitis the mean serum antibody titer against Pityrosporum orbiculare was significantly higher than in healthy control subjects (p less than 0.01). The mean number of P. orbiculare organisms per square centimeter cultured from normal-looking skin in patients was not significantly higher than the number cultured from normal-looking skin in control subjects. Results of prick tests against P. orbiculare extract were negative or weak, indicating that patients with Pityrosporum folliculitis had no type I hypersensitivity against P. orbiculare. Immunohistochemical staining of skin lesions showed perivascular dermal cell infiltrates near the hair follicles dominated by anti-Leu 3a-reactive T lymphocytes. Human lymphocyte antigens with the DR locus, but not those with the DQ locus, on keratinocytes were observed in one case.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis.

We present the case of an American adult patient with eosinophilic pustular folliculitis. The majority of previously reported patients have been Japanese. Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis is a rare condition characterized by recurrent, peripherally expanding, sterile papulopustules and plaques. Hair-bearing areas such as the face, chest, back, and extensor surfaces of the upper arms are usually involved, although palms and soles can be affected as well. Histologic examination shows subcorneal and intrafollicular abscesses and spongiosis of the outer root sheath. The eosinophil is a prominent infiltrating cell, although mononuclear cells and neutrophils may also be seen. There is often a dense perivascular infiltrate of eosinophils in the dermis. Our patient was unusual in that he did not respond to multiple therapeutic regimens.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Necrotizing lymphocytic folliculitis: the early lesion of acne necrotica (varioliformis).

Skin biopsy specimens from four patients who had recurrent bouts of lesions conforming to the clinical description of acne necrotica were studied. The pathologic findings were dominated by lymphocytic inflammation around centrally placed follicles evolving to follicular necrosis that extended to the perifollicular epidermis and dermis. Early lesions showed the development of multiple individual necrotic keratinocytes within the follicular sheath and adjacent epidermis with lymphocytic exocytosis. Later lesions showed more intense necrosis and scale crust obscuring the central target but were still dominated by a peripheral lymphocytic infiltrate. The early pathologic findings of acne necrotica (varioliformis) are represented by a necrotizing lymphocytic folliculitis and differ from the pattern seen in association with nonspecific excoriations, acute bacterial folliculitis, classic comedogenic acne, or acnitis.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1989

Eosinophilic cellulitis and eosinophilic pustular folliculitis.

This report describes a patient with a drug reaction and histologic changes of both eosinophilic cellulitis and eosinophilic pustular folliculitis. We propose that some cases of eosinophilic pustular folliculitis, like eosinophilic cellulitis, may occur as a result of a hypersensitivity phenomenon.

Cellulitis↗
PubMed1999

Tufted hair folliculitis: a pattern of scarring alopecia?

We present a patient with pemphigus vulgaris who, over the years, experienced the development of tufted hair folliculitis as a result of scalp involvement. Multiple hairs emerged from widely dilated follicular ostia surrounded by indurated, scarred skin. Histopathologic findings were typical for tufted hair folliculitis. We believe that because a specific host response to scalp injury might be crucial to the development of this rare disorder, it should be regarded as a type of scarring alopecia.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Degenerative mucinotic mural folliculitis in cats.

A novel form of mural folliculitis is described in seven cats. Clinically, all cats exhibited generalized alopecia with scaling or crusting that was more pronounced over the head, neck, and shoulders. The face and muzzle of all cats was unusually thickened. Six of seven cats were progressively lethargic but did not demonstrate any other consistent systemic abnormalities. Histologically, there was severe mixed inflammation of the wall of the follicular isthmus in all cats, accompanied by some follicular destruction in five cats. Sebaceous glands were not affected. All cats had variable, but often striking, follicular mucin deposition, as well as epidermal hyperkeratosis and crusting. The cause of the severe mural folliculitis was not identified, and all cats responded poorly to immunomodulating therapy. Follicular mucinosis may be a nonspecific finding, likely reflective of the follicular lymphocytic milieu, and does not always herald follicular lymphoma.

Alopecia↗
PubMed2001

Seborrhoeic dermatitis and Pityrosporum (Malassezia) folliculitis: characterization of inflammatory cells and mediators in the skin by immunohistochemistry.

BACKGROUND: The fact that Pityrosporum ovale plays a part in seborrhoeic dermatitis is well established but the mechanism of this relationship has not been established. OBJECTIVES: To compare the number and type of inflammatory cells and mediators in skin biopsies from normal and lesional skin from the trunk and scalp in patients with seborrhoeic dermatitis, Pityrosporum (Malassezia) folliculitis and in normal skin from healthy controls. METHODS: The skin biopsies were stained using the labelled Streptavidin-biotin METHOD: The following markers were studied: CD4, CD8, CD68, HLA-DR, NK1, CD16, C1q, C3c, IgG, CD54 (ICAM-1), interleukin (IL) -1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma. RESULTS: HLA-DR+ cells were seen in the highest number, and were higher in lesional skin compared with normal skin from both patients and healthy volunteers. ICAM-1 expression was also increased in lesional skin. C1q and the interleukins showed an increased cellular and intercellular staining in patients compared with healthy controls and the intercellular staining was often more intense in lesions compared with non-lesional skin. Staining was often more intense when Malassezia (Pityrosporum ovale) yeast cells were present. CONCLUSIONS: An increase in NK1+ and CD16+ cells in combination with complement activation indicates that an irritant non-immunogenic stimulation of the immune system is important. The result with the interleukins showed both an increase in the production of inflammatory interleukins as well as in the regulatory interleukins for both TH1 and TH2 cells. Similarities to the immune response described for Candida albicans infections indicate the role of Malassezia in the skin response in seborrhoeic dermatitis and Pityrosporum folliculitis.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Necrotizing eosinophilic folliculitis as a manifestation of the atopic diathesis.

BACKGROUND: Eosinophilic folliculitis (EF) is an idiopathic eruption of sterile pustules and papules involving the trunk, face, and extremities, associated in many cases with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The classic histopathology is one of follicular-based, eosinophilic spongiosis with variable microabscess formation. We describe nine HIV-negative patients who manifested a novel form of pustular EF in the setting of atopy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Paraffin sections of skin biopsies from ten patients, stained with hematoxylin and eosin and special preparations to evaluate for microbial pathogens, were examined. Detailed clinical histories and serologic studies were obtained. RESULTS: Among the clinical presentations in seven men, two women, and one girl (age range, 11-62 years) were ulcerative and/or nodular plaques mainly on the face and/or extremities, sometimes in an annular configuration. The clinical considerations included deep mycotic infection, ulcerative herpes, systemic vasculitis, Mucha Haberman disease, and pyoderma gangrenosum. All patients had a personal and/or family history of atopy. Co-existent medical illnesses included psoriasis, lupus erythematosus, and lymphoproliferative disease. One patient was on a calcium channel blocker, one on multiple antidepressants, and two on antihistamines, all of which are associated with immune dysregulation. All skin biopsies showed variable intra- follicular eosinophilic microabscesses, follicular necrosis, folliculocentric necrotizing eosinophilic vasculitis, marked degeneration of connective tissue fiber elements, and striking tissue eosinophilia, including flame figure formation and dermal eosinophilic abscesses. Apart from commensals, such as Pityrosporum and Demodex, microbial pathogens were not identified. CONCLUSIONS: The presentations differed from conventional EF by virtue of a strong association with atopy and by the presence of ulceration, nodule formation, follicular and dermal necrosis, and eosinophilic vasculitis. We propose the term "necrotizing eosinophilic folliculitis," and suggest that the basis of this novel form of EF is an unrepressed T-helper lymphocyte type 2 (Th2)-dominant response to various epicutaneous stimuli in patients with atopy, the prototypic immune dysregulatory state associated with a Th2-dominant cytokine milieu.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Necrotizing eosinophilic folliculitis with mucinosis.

A 23-year-old woman presented with a 2-week history of an extensive facial eruption consisting of markedly crusted arciform plaques covered with a haemorrhagic eschar that commenced as pruritic follicular pustules. These were associated with facial oedema but no systemic symptoms or fever. Two skin biopsies revealed prominent tissue eosinophilia with eosinophilic folliculitis and areas of follicular mucinosis, as well as haemorrhagic scale crust over the surface. The clinical and histological findings may represent an example of a necrotizing variant of eosinophilic folliculitis that has recently been reported in atopic individuals. This patient, however, did not have evidence of atopy and appeared to have a florid form of Ofuji's disease that responded rapidly to indomethacin treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis (Ofuji's disease) in Singapore: a review of 23 adult cases.

The case records of 23 patients with classic eosinophilic pustular folliculitis (EPF), or Ofuji's disease, seen at the National Skin Centre in Singapore, from 1990 to 2001 were reviewed. All patients had clinical and histopathological findings consistent with EPF. There were eight men and 15 women (ratio 1:1.6). The mean age at presentation was 35 years. There was a marked predilection for Chinese patients (87%), with a racial distribution of 20:2:1 of Chinese, Malay and Indian patients, respectively. The most frequent site of occurrence was the face, particularly over both cheeks. The majority of patients (90%) treated with oral indomethacin had a good response within 2-4 weeks. Relapses were frequent in 82.6% of patients and maintenance with indomethacin or ketoprofen was beneficial. Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis is a rare but important disease entity presenting with recurrent indurated erythematous papulopustules and plaques on the face. Increased awareness of this condition is important as it can mimic many other conditions presenting as red plaques on the face.

Administration, Oral↗