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Results for “Erysipelothrix Infections”

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PubMed1998

Occurrence of Erysipelothrix spp. in broiler chickens at an abattoir.

From September 1995 to August 1996, 750 chickens from 66 farms sent to an abattoir in Nagano Prefecture, Japan, were examined for the presence of Erysipelothrix spp. Erysipelothrix spp. were isolated from 118 (15.7%) of 750 skin samples, 27 (7.3%) of 372 hypoderm samples, 12 (1.9%) of 630 throat samples, 106 (59.2%) of 179 feather samples, and none of 257 spleen samples. Of 66 farms, 55 farms (83.3%) sent Erysipelothrix-positive chickens and 11 farms (16.7%) only negative ones. Of 297 Erysipelothrix isolates, 273 isolates were identified as Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae and 24 as Erysipelothrix tonsillarum. E. rhusiopathiae isolates were serotyped into nine different serovars. Of the 273 E. rhusiopathiae isolates, 33 (11.1%) were serotyped to serovar 6; 22 (7.4%) were serovar 5; 19 (6.4%) were serovar 2; 15 (5.1%) were serovar 8; 2 (0.7%) were serovar 21; 4 each (1.3% each) were serovars 1b, 9, 12, and 19; and 178 (59.9%) were untypeable. Of 24 E. tonsillarum isolates, 15 (5.1%) were serotyped to serovar 3, and 9 (3.0%) were serovar 7. These findings indicate that chickens seem to be a potential reservoir of Erysipelothrix spp. in nature and to be a source of human Erysipelothrix infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Unusual aspects of bacterial water-borne illnesses.

Various water-borne bacteria can cause significant illness. Illness most often results from ingestion of contaminated water or seafood, with gastrointestinal entry of pathogens or their byproducts. The skin and soft tissues are also common entry points, either through trauma in or near the water, or by seawater contamination of an existing wound or break in the skin. Clinically significant water-borne illnesses are still rare. However, because humans are increasingly exposed to contaminated water sources through recreation or habitat, the rate of water-borne illnesses can be expected to increase. In patients who present with gastrointestinal illness or infections that do not respond to conventional therapy, water-borne pathogens should be considered in the differential diagnosis. A complete history, with attention to seafood ingestion and exposure to marine or freshwater life-forms, in conjunction with a high index of suspicion (especially in immunocompromised patients), will increase diagnostic accuracy in patients with water-borne illnesses.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1981

Susceptibility of vaccinated swine and mice to generalized infection with specific serotypes of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae.

Swine were vaccinated with adsorbate bacterin made from Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae of serotype 2 and were subsequently allotted to 4 exposure groups, each of which was exposed to 1 of the strains of E rhusiopathiae of serotypes 1, 2, 9, or 10. Mice were vaccinated with the same bacterin and were subsequently allotted to 60 exposure groups which were exposed to 60 strains of E rhusiopathiae, comprising 10 strains each of serotypes 1, 2, 4, 9, 10, and 11. Response to challenge of immunity in swine was determined by the presence of clinical signs of acute generalized erysipelas; response in mice was determined by the quantal (live-dead) method. Vaccinated swine were as susceptible to the strain of serotype 10 as were nonvaccinated control swine, whereas vaccinated swine were immune and control swine were susceptible to the strains of serotypes 1 and 2. The strain of serotype 9 was not sufficiently virulent to induce acute generalized erysipelas, even in control swine. Arthritis was not prevented by vaccination, but its frequency and severity were less in vaccinated swine exposed to strains of serotype 1 or 2 than in those exposed to strains of serotype 9 or 10. Vaccinated mice were significantly (P less than 0.05) more susceptible to the strains of serotype 10 than to those of any other serotype tested.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

[Mitral valve endocarditis caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae].

HISTORY AND CLINICAL FINDINGS: A 67 year-old country woman was admitted to the hospital because of a four weeks history of continuous catarrh, arthralgia and fever. Recently, she had also developed upper abdominal pain after oral ibuprofen treatment. The clinical examination showed a patient of impaired general condition. The heart and lungs were auscultatory normal and there were no signs of dyspnea, cyanosis or inflammatory skin lesions. EXAMINATIONS: Physical examination of heart and lung, electrocardiography and transthoracic echocardiography were without pathological findings. CLINICAL COURSE: Gastroscopy revealed acute antral gastritis and duodenitis with presence of Helicobacter pylori. Eradication therapy resolved the abdominal symptoms but fever returned after the antibiotic therapy was stopped. The patient developed a severe endocarditis with progressive mitral regurgitation within a few days. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae was isolated from blood cultures and identified by conventional and molecular methods. The patient was treated successfully with 3 x 2 g ampicillin daily, applied parenterally for six weeks, and a mitral valve replacement. CONCLUSION: This was an unusual manifestation of systemic Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae infection. The bacterium Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae has still to be considered in the diagnosis and treatment of endocarditis in patients with increased risk of exposure (e.g. farmers, butchers and fishermen).

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Adjuvant properties of Propionibacterium avidum KP-40 in vaccination against endemic viral and bacterial infections. III. Swine immunized with live attenuated Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae vaccine and experimentally infected with virulent strains R203 and R270B of E. rhusiopathiae.

Fifty 4-month old piglets were treated with immunomodulating Propionibacterium avidum KP-40 (PA) and/or immunized with live attenuated Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae vaccine (Orvac). Four weeks after vaccination all animals were inoculated with viable Erysipelothrix rhusipathiae. The vaccine induced the appearance of high titers of specific IgG antibodies with peak values (1:115-1:200) three weeks after immunization. Administration of PA together with the vaccine did not influence antibody titers. Analysis of the course of experimental erysipelas infection in vaccinated and/or PA-treated swine revealed the prophylactic and beneficial effects of PA. PA-treated animals showed a significantly lower lethality rate than untreated controls and the course of the disease was considerably milder, with a shorter period of fever and a faster recovery. Vaccination provided good protection of swine against the development of erysipelas and therefore, the only significant difference in animals treated with PA applied together with the vaccine was a higher gain of body mass after infection.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1985

Application of the indirect enzyme immunoassay for the detection of antibodies against Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae.

Sera from swine and rats experimentally infected with Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae and field sera from swine were investigated for antibodies against E. rhusiopathiae using the microtiter enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and, for comparison, the growth test (GT) and the agglutination test (AT). In principle there was a good correspondence between the results of EIA and those of the two other methods, but EIA and GT were more sensitive than AT. On the basis of the evaluation pattern of GT and AT on swine sera, EIA titers of 1/320 were considered as "chronic erysipelas titers". Compared with GT and AT, the EIA has some advantages: it is not influenced by contamination of the test sera, it takes only a few hours and using the microtiter system it is easy and economical to perform.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1991

Characterization of a protective protein antigen of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae.

Although vaccination is widely practiced against infection by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae in pigs and turkeys, the protective antigen(s) involved have not been fully characterized or purified to homogeneity. Antigens of E. rhusiopathiae strain T28, serotype 2b, and of FRANKFURT XI, serotype N, in culture supernatant and in extracts made with hot acid, 10 mM NaOH, ultrasound or EDTA were compared by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting and in a mouse protection test. EDTA and 10 mM NaOH yielded highly protective extracts; culture supernatant was less protective and ultrasonic or hot acid extracts stimulated little or no protection in mice. Protective antisera from swine, horses and mice recognized prominent bands of molecular mass (m.m.) of 66-64 and 40-39 kDa in EDTA and 10 mM NaOH extracts. Mice immunized with preparations of the 66-64 kDa band purified by preparative electrophoresis were protected. Both antigens were trypsin sensitive, contained no detectable polysaccharide, and showed a marked tendency to aggregate in the absence of SDS.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Mitro-aortic infective endocarditis produced by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae: case report and review of the literature.

Endocarditis produced by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is an uncommon disease in humans. This bacterial species is found worldwide as a commensal or a pathogen in many animals. Infection in humans is usually due to occupational exposure. The case is reported of a 43-year-old male parrot breeder with native aortic and mitral valve endocarditis and NYHA class II heart failure at six months after wound infection. The patient was discharged after six weeks' treatment with intravenous penicillin G and replacement of the mitral and aortic valves due to severe regurgitation. At one year after surgery the patient was asymptomatic and infection-free.

Adult↗