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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Oxygen consumption of cycle ergometry is nonlinearly related to work rate and pedal rate.

The purpose of the study was to develop an equation to predict the oxygen cost of cycle ergometry. Forty subjects performed an incremental cycle ergometer test on three occasions at 50, 70, or 90 rpm in a counterbalanced order. Work rate was incremented every 5 or 6 min when steady rate values were achieved. To ensure accurate work rates, ergometer resistance was calibrated and flywheel revolutions were electronically measured. Oxygen consumption was measured with a computer interfaced system which provided results every minute. Oxygen consumption (mL.min-1) was the dependent variable, and independent variables were work rate (WR in kgm.min-1), pedal rate (rpm), weight (Kg), and gender (males, 0; females, 1). The following nonlinear equation was selected; VO2 = 0.42.WR1.2 + 0.00061.rpm3 + 6.35.Wt + 0.1136.RPM50.WR-0.10144.RPM90-WR-52-Gender, R2 = 0.9961, Sy.x = 106 mL.min-1, where RPM50: 50 rpm = 1, and RPM90: 90 rpm = 1, else = 0. It was concluded that the oxygen cost of cycle ergometry is nonlinearly related to work rate and pedal rate, linearly related to weight, and that females use less oxygen for a particular work rate.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Reproducibility and consistency of the responses to supine bicycle ergometry; evaluation in conjunction with beta 1-adrenoceptor occupancies.

A protocol is presented for supine bicycle ergometry in healthy subjects, which aims for a target increase of heart rate (HR = 140 beats min-1) after 4 min cycling under constant load. The required load is selected from a pre-study ergometry with stepwise increasing load. Repeated testing with this protocol was shown to yield highly reproducible ergometric HR-responses. Because of their high reliability, the ergometric endpoints and increments permit a highly sensitive comparison of beta 1-adrenoceptor antagonism across dose and time within a given compound. The relationship between the changes of the ergometric rise of HR and the beta 1-adrenoceptor occupancy (estimated from radioreceptor assay data) permits to evaluate the ergometric efficiency of different beta-adrenoceptor antagonists across time and doses and to identify eventual differences that do not relate primarily to the extent of beta 1-adrenoceptor antagonism itself.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Effects of rider position on continuous wave Doppler responses to maximal cycle ergometry.

Using 10 well-trained (VO2peak = 60.6 ml kg-1min-1) college age cyclists and continuous wave Doppler echocardiography, peak acceleration (PkA) and velocity (PkV) of blood flow in the ascending aorta, and the stroke velocity integral (SVI) were assessed to determine if rider position influenced the central haemodynamic responses to graded maximal cycle ergometry. Cyclist position was determined by hand placement on the uprights (UPRI) or drops (DROP) of conventional handlebars or using aerodynamic handlebars (AHB). All subjects consistently achieved a peak workload of 300 W. The Doppler variables did not differ significantly between rider positions at each stage of the maximal exercise tests but did change in response to increasing workloads. PkA was significantly (P < 0.05) greater at workloads > or = 240 W versus < or = 120 W. PkV increased significantly (P < 0.05) up to 180 W and then reached a plateau. SVI increased to a workload of 120 W and then progressively declined, becoming significantly (P < 0.05) less at 300 W. For each stage, neither submaximal VO2, VI nor heart rate (HR) differed significantly between each trial. These results suggest that rider position does not affect the physiological response to maximal bicycle ergometry as responses to each position are similar.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Measurement of left ventricular function during arm ergometry using the VEST nuclear probe.

A chest-mounted left ventricular (LV) nuclear probe (VEST) for use during arm and leg ergometry is presented, with a discussion of the validity and reproducibility of LV function measures at rest and exercise. During both arm and leg ergometry in trained subjects, transient changes in LV function/volumes were observed. LV ejection fraction and relative end-systolic and end-diastolic volumes were 25 to 30% less with the arms versus the legs, agreeing with data from other studies using conventional techniques. At peak exercise with both limbs, LV ejection fraction and relative LV end-systolic volume increased, followed by immediate postexercise normalization. The effect was greatest with the arms and reflects the effect of high intramuscular and arterial pressures generated during arm cranking, leading to increased LV afterloading. The VEST permits rapid and noninvasive assessment of LV function during arm exercise, avoiding the limitations of other techniques.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1998

Influence of age and gender on cardiac output-VO2 relationships during submaximal cycle ergometry.

It is presently unclear how gender, aging, and physical activity status interact to determine the magnitude of the rise in cardiac output (Qc) during dynamic exercise. To clarify this issue, the present study examined the Qc-O2 uptake (Vo2) relationship during graded leg cycle ergometry in 30 chronically endurance-trained subjects from four groups (n = 6-8/group): younger men (20-30 yr), older men (56-72 yr), younger women (24-31 yr), and older women (51-72 yr). Qc (acetylene rebreathing), stroke volume (Qc/heart rate), and whole body Vo2 were measured at rest and during submaximal exercise intensities (40, 70, and approximately 90% of peak Vo2). Baseline resting levels of Qc were 0.6-1.2 l/min less in the older groups. However, the slopes of the Qc-Vo2 relationship across submaximal levels of cycling were similar among all four groups (5.4-5.9 l/l). The absolute Qc associated with a given Vo2 (1.0-2.0 l/min) was also similar among groups. Resting and exercise stroke volumes (ml/beat) were lower in women than in men but did not differ among age groups. However, older men and women showed a reduced ability, relative to their younger counterparts, to maintain stroke volume at exercise intensities above 70% of peak Vo2. This latter effect was most prominent in the oldest women. These findings suggest that neither age nor gender has a significant impact on the Qc-Vo2 relationships during submaximal cycle ergometry among chronically endurance-trained individuals.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Relation between pharmacodynamic and anthropometric parameters during ergometry at rest and after repeated intake of metoprolol in healthy volunteers: results of a pilot study.

Metoprolol is a widely used beta1-selective beta-blocker in hypertension and tachycardia. The influence on vital signs at rest and during ergometry (exercise heart rate or blood pressure, effect areas above baseline) was investigated in a pilot study with 18 healthy volunteers (mean age 29.1 years) by means of multiple and pairwise correlation analysis. At rest, the difference between predose and day 5 values were not associated with anthropometric characteristics. During ergometry for weight and height significant negative correlations were found corresponding to marked beta-values in the multiple regression models. Therefore heart rate decreases less markedly in slim persons which should be taken into consideration in exercise tests during metoprolol intake.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed2005

Effect of pedal rate and power output on rating of perceived exertion during cycle ergometry exercise.

This study examined differentiated rating of perceived exertion (RPE), heart rate, and heart-rate variability during light cycle ergometry exercise at two different pedal rates. 30 healthy men (22.6 +/- 0.9 yr.) were recruited from a student population and completed a continuous 20-min. cycle ergometry exercise protocol, consisting of a 4-min. warm-up (60 rev./min., 30 Watts), followed by four bouts of 4 min. at different combinations of pedal rate (40 or 80 rev./min.) and power output (40 or 80 Watts). The order of the four combinations was counterbalanced across participants. Heart rate was measured using a polar heart-rate monitor, and parasympathetic balance was assessed through time series analysis of heart-rate variability. Measures were compared using a 2 (pedal rate) x 2 (power output) repeated-measures analysis of variance. RPE was significantly greater (p<.05) at 80 versus 40 rev./min. at 40 W. For both power outputs heart rate was significantly increased, and the high frequency component of heart-rate variability was significantly reduced at 80 compared with 40 rev./min. These findings indicate the RPE was greater at higher than at lower pedalling rates for a light absolute power output which contrasts with previous findings based on use of higher power output. Also, pedal rate had a significant effect on heart rate and heart-rate variability at constant power output.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Features of individual pain sensitivity of patients with ischemic heart disease during different variants of bicycle ergometry test].

AIM: To assess the significance of individual pain sensitivity in the development of painful and painless episodes of acute myocardial ischemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Bicycle ergometry test was carried out in 50 patients aged 35-65 years with angina of effort, functional classes II-III. Before bicycle ergometry, tactile and pain sensitivity thresholds and duration of pain tolerance were assessed by SSM-01 sensometer. RESULTS: Twenty-seven patients showed painful reaction to exercise; 40% of them had a low threshold of pain and 81% poorly tolerated pain. In 11 patients who complained of pain before ECG showed myocardial ischemia, these values were 64 and 91%, respectively. All of 9 patients with painless myocardial ischemia had a high threshold of pain, and 44% of them poorly tolerated pain. CONCLUSION: The data indicate significance of individual pain sensitivity in the development of painless episodes of acute myocardial ischemia.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Mechanomyography, electromyography, heart rate, and ratings of perceived exertion during incremental cycle ergometry.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this investigation was to examine the relationships of mchanomyography (MMG), electromyography (EMG), heart rate (HR), and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) versus power output during incremental cycle ergometry. METHODS: Nine adult males [mean (+/-SD) age 23 (+/-3) years] volunteered to perform an incremental test to exhaustion on a cycle ergometer. The MMG, EMG, HR, and RPE values were recorded at the end of each power output. RESULTS: The normalized (expressed as a percentage of maximal values) relationships for MMG, HR, and RPE versus power output were linear, while the EMG versus power output relationship was quadratic. Furthermore, there were no significant (p > 0.10) differences between slope coefficients for the relationships among MMG, HR, and RPE versus power output. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this investigation indicated that there were close associations among the mechanical (MMG), cardiac (HR), and perception of effort (RPE) aspects of cycle ergometry. In addition, there was a dissociation between the linear MMG pattern and quadratic EMG pattern with increasing power outputs.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Interval resistance exercise in comparison with bicycle ergometry stress. Studies with resistance endurance training in coronary patients].

UNLABELLED: In the rehabilitation of coronary patients there is an increased interest in using complementary resistance exercise training. Therefore, we studied nine patients (males; age: 51 +/- 7 years) with chronic stable coronary heart disease during extensive resistance exercise (ex RE) (legpress, abduction, adduction) (60-s work: 60-s rest; contraction intensity: 65% of 1 RM) and during intensive resistance exercise (int. RE) (legpress) (30-s work: 45-s rest) with 85% of 1 RM. Non-invasive continuously measured blood pressure, heart rate, norepinephrine, epinephrine, lactic acid, and glucose were compared with values from maximal bicycle ergometry (3-min steps, each 25 w; max. performance: mean 156 w; range 125-200 w). RESULTS: 1) Comparing ex RE and int RE with bicycle ergometry there were no differences in blood pressure (systolic: 206 and 204 vs. 210 mm Hg; ns; diastolic: 98 and 104 vs. 92 mm Hg; ns). Heart rates (104 and 103 vs. 125/min; p < .01), norepinephrine (3.8 and 3.3 vs. 8.8 nmol/l; p < .01) and epinephrine (0.7 and 0.6 vs. 1.4 nmol/l; p < .01) were considerably lower. 2) The most significant increase and decrease of blood pressure and heart rate occurred within 15-30 s after the beginning and end, respectively, of isometric exercise. CONCLUSIONS: 1) ex RE is suitable for patients with stable CHD and cardiac exercise tolerances of 1.5-2 W/kg = 125-150 watts. 2) Blood pressure monitoring by the cuff method (RR) immediately after RE did not reflect blood pressure during RE. 3) Controlling RE by the training heart rate prescribed for endurance exercise is not possible.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[The assessment of the efficacy of staged patient rehabilitation in acute myocardial infarct based on bicycle ergometry data].

A study of 31 patients with acute myocardial infarction indicates that the volume of load during bicycle ergometry [correction of veloergometric] examination did not reflect the real physical state of patients. Objective evaluation should be realized by threshold strength load using bicycle ergometry [correction of veloergometry]. Physical loads of different intensity including those which twice exceed the volume of routine programs did not produce any essential effect on the increase of threshold strength load at stages of rehabilitation (15-20 day) of the disease. The main factor in improving the physical state in the acute period of myocardial infarction is stabilization of electrobiological processes in the myocardium depending mainly on the duration of acute myocardial infarction and state of coronary blood circulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[The early bicycle ergometry test in drug-stabilized patients with unstable angina pectoris--the correlation with coronary angiography].

The relation between the results of the early submaximal symptom-limited bicycle ergometry [correction of veloergometric] test and coronary angiography were examined in 127 patients with unstable angina pectoris stabilized by medicaments. In 19 (15.0%) patients the test was negative and in 108 (85%) patients the test was positive (angina pectoris and/or ST depression greater than or equal to 0.1 mV at 80 ms after the point J of the ECG). Between the results of the early bicycle ergometry [correction of veloergometric] test and the coronary angiography, performed soon after the test, there was a close correlation. By using strict criteria or a combination of criteria for assessment of residual ischemia the test can with great accuracy differentiate the patients with multivascular from those with monovascular disease or with healthy coronary vessels.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Circulatory and metabolic responses of women to arm crank and wheelchair ergometry.

This study compared the circulatory and metabolic responses of arm crank ergometer (ACE) exercise to those of wheelchair ergometer (WCE) exercise during maximal and submaximal intensities. Maximal intensity exercise was defined as the highest power output (PO) achieved on each ergometer. The submaximal responses were compared at an equivalent absolute (PO = 25W) and relative (66% peak oxygen uptake [VO2]) intensity. On separate days and in random sequence, nine untrained able-bodied women performed a discontinuous incremental test for peak VO2 using either ACE or WCE. Each exercise bout was approximately six minutes, interspersed with four-minute rest periods. VO2 and heart rate (HR) were measured during each stage of the test and blood lactate concentrations were measured five minutes postexercise. Peak PO, ventilation (VE), and HR were significantly higher (p less than 0.05) on the ACE, with no significant difference in peak VO2 or postexercise blood lactate concentration. When compared at equivalent submaximal PO levels (25W), VO2, VE, and HR were significantly higher (p less than 0.05) on the WCE than on the ACE. In contrast, ACE exercise elicited a higher PO (p less than 0.05) at an equivalent relative metabolic load (66% peak VO2). These results suggest that in women wheelchair ergometry is less metabolically efficient than arm crank ergometry at submaximal exercise intensities. However, at maximal intensity exercise, ACE exercise imposes greater central circulatory stress. The finding that a higher peak HR was elicited by the ACE than the WCE suggests that exercise testing needs to be ergometer-specific when the results are to be used for exercise prescription.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Arm crank ergometry in chronic spinal cord injured patients.

Cardiovascular response to arm crank ergometry, using a specially adapted Monark bicycle ergometer, was examined in 98 men with long-standing spinal cord injuries (SCI), who were classified into groups by neurologic level of SCI. Exercise response was significantly correlated with lesion levels: the higher the lesion, the lower the levels of physical work capacity and mean exercise systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Also, physical symptoms and abnormal systolic blood pressure exercise response were more frequent. Exercise response of patients with lower thoracic and lumbar SCI did not differ from the control group. The undisputed value of ergometry in the routine evaluation and exercise prescription for health maintenance in SCI and other wheelchair-disabled patients was substantiated by the study findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Effect of handlebar gripping on blood pressure during cycle ergometry.

The effects on SBP, DBP and HR of gripping the cycle ergometer handlebar during dynamic cycle ergometry were evaluated in 39 healthy males. Heart rate, SBP and DBP were measured at 150 Watt power load while gripping and not gripping the handlebar of a cycle ergometer. The sequence of gripping first or second was randomized. No differences in SBP, DBP or HR were shown under the two treatments. For submaximal cycle ergometry the influence of static handgrip on the handlebar does not seem to have a significant influence on SBP, DBP or HR response to dynamic exercise.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Maximal isokinetic cycle ergometry in patients with coronary artery disease.

We assessed the utility of short-term (30 s) maximal isokinetic cycle ergometry as an additional method of investigating the limitations to exercise in 33 carefully selected patients with documented coronary artery disease. The technique proved safe and reproducible in these patients. In relation to normal standards, performance was better in the maximal isokinetic cycle ergometer test (peak power = 819 +/- 116 W; average power = 532 +/- 72 W; total work = 13.1 +/- 2.1 kJ; 95-101% of predicted) than in the progressive incremental exercise test (VO2 = 1.80 +/- 0.37 l.min-1; power output = 919 +/- 165 kpm.min-1; 70-80% of predicted). Beta blockade did not affect maximal performance during either isokinetic or progressive incremental cycling, although maximal heart rate was significantly lower during both tests in patients on beta blockade. Power output in the progressive exercise was not as strongly related to the indices measured during the 30 s isokinetic test (r = 0.59-0.63) as it was in previous studies of healthy individuals (r = 0.89). The ability to detect individual variations in short-term exercise capacity measured with maximal isokinetic cycle ergometry may have significant potential value 1) as an additional method of determining the limitations to exercise and 2) when executing an exercise prescription in patients with coronary artery disease.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1989

[Bicycle ergometry--an objective criterion for determining the work capacity of patients with a history of myocardial infarct].

The importance of bicycle ergometry for the objective assessment of the working capacity of patients with past myocardial infarction is great. Of 283 followed up patients with myocardial infarction III patients were examined by bicycle ergometry (39.2%). 66 patients of the latter group had restored their working capacity (59.4%) and 45 patients (40.6%) were disabled. The mean threshold power in all patients was 87.07 W, in the patients with restored working capacity the threshold power was 100.37 W, in the patients with group II disability it was 51.6 W and in the patients with group III disability it was 88.33 W. The dynamics of the threshold power was followed up by control bicycle ergometric examinations in 2-4 year intervals. In the patients with restored working capacity the threshold power was 107.69 W and in the disabled patients it changed from 70 to 80.83 W. The positive dynamics of the bicycle ergometric indices corresponds to the positive dynamics of the working capacity and the stabilization of the health condition of the patients with past myocardial infarction.

Disability Evaluation↗
PubMed1987

[Potentials of paired bicycle ergometry tests in assessing the functional state of the cardiovascular system in ischemic heart disease patients with attacks of stenocardia of effort].

Cardiovascular response to physical stress simulated by paired bicycle ergometry was evaluated in 33 patients with coronary disease of functional class 3 or 4, within 1-1.5 months after myocardial infarction. In third-class patients, stress tolerance and hemodynamic support improved after the second bicycle ergometry performed 30 minutes after the first test. In the fourth-class patients, repeated exercise revealed a reverse pattern in the parameters examined.

Adult↗