Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Discrimination Learning”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Effects of verbal rehearsal on discrimination learning in moderately retarded and nursery-school children.

In a simultaneous discrimination task with intradimensional shift, low-IQ and average-IQ children were required either to rehearse audibly a phase relating the positive cue to reward or not to rehearse audibly. A limited number of rehearsal trials substantially reduced discrimination errors and the facilitating effect transferred fully when new color cues were introduced and audible rehearsal stopped. Retarded subjects tended to need extra prompting to rehearse, but their discrimination performance showed no reliable deficit. It seems valuable to view the equal-MA deficit that retarded subjects have previously displayed on discrimination tasks as a consequence of deficiency in short-term memory strategies.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1977

Sequential contrast effects with retarded subjects after discrimination learning with and without errors.

Four retarded adults were exposed to a multiple variable interval-extinction schedule of reinforcement. The 2 min components were presented in a random order. Two subjects acquired the discrimination with an errorless procedure. The two other subjects learned the discrimination with errors. The schedule generated sequential contrast effects under both training procedures: response rates during periods of reinforcement were higher when a reinforcement period followed an extinction period than when it followed another reinforcement period. These results were confirmed in a second observation where eight retarded children were exposed to a multiple fixed ratio-extinction schedule of reinforcement. This study is the first demonstration of sequential contrast effects with human subjects during the acquisition of a discrimination without errors. The results are discussed in terms of Terrace's theory of errorless learning.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

A computer-controlled Y-maze for the analysis of vibrissotactile discrimination learning in mice.

An automatized, computer-controlled Y-maze is described in which mice are trained to discriminate between two vibrissotactile, and/or visual stimuli, other modalities or combinations of modalities being testable as well. Movements of the mouse are recorded by photocells and monitored on a computer screen. Forward passage of the mouse is ensured by movable gates, and, if necessary, by brief air blows. Wrong choices are punished by air blows as well. The controller is a Hewlett-Packard Series 80 microcomputer with a 16 channel parallel input/output interface; programs are in BASIC. The program analyzes start latency, decision and homing time, side preference, inspections and ultimate choice, as well as choice strategies based on discrimination, left/right habits and short-term memory. Thus we can determine the nature of discrimination errors, and establish individual behavioral profiles of the animals. Results are both printed alphanumerically and plotted. The apparatus may be used for studying sensory physiology as well as cerebral lateralization, and drug or gene effects on memory and learning.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1976

Effects of low and moderate doses of chlorpromazine on discrimination learning in the rat.

The effects of chlorpromazine on the acquisition of a brightness discrimination with food reward were examined. Doses of 0.5, 1.0 or 2.0 mg/kg of CPZ as well as saline were administered intraperitoneally to 4 groups of 7 Sprague-Dawley rats, 1 h prior to testing. After a 3-week period of habituation and pre-training, rats were tested 20 trials a day, 7 days a week. No drug effect was found on the number of trials to reach a criterion of 18/20 successive correct responses, which required an average of 6.2 days of training. Precriterion latencies, however, showed an increase as a function of increasing dose level. Post-choice latencies were not affected, eliminating motor retardation as an explanation for the latency effect.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Corpus callosum section disrupts motor behaviour strategies during visual discrimination learning in rat.

Monocularly patched rats were trained on a series of visual tilt discriminations ordered from simple to difficult to measure the angular difference threshold of each eye. The stereotyped running pattern which the animal made was also recorded. Callosal section disrupted a preoperatively established running pattern and produced an ocular neglect; the animal's performance dropped to chance when it used the eye ipsilateral to the preferred side of approach.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Effects of early undernutrition on motivation and discrimination learning in rats.

Offspring were either adequately nourished or undernourished during the suckling period. They had free access to food from weaning, and were given 2 behavioral tests between 13 and 19 weeks of age. Motivation for water was tested on a variable interval (VI) schedule at 3 levels of deprivation and a test of light-dark discrimination made at 23.5 hr of water deprivation. The results indicated (1) no clear difference in VI response rate, but (2) significant differences in discrimination performance between the 2 groups. A learning ability or certain relevant abilities rather than motivation for water appeared responsible for the difference in discrimination learning.

Animals↗