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A new visible light-cured resin system applied to removable prosthodontics.

Preliminary studies of VLC resins have produced promising results; however, additional research is necessary to completely define qualities of this material. Biologic testing of VLC (Triad) resins indicated that they are nontoxic and biocompatible. They have a wide range of uses in all subdisciplines of prosthodontics. Advantages such as accuracy of fit, superior strength, complete polymerization without residual compounds, ease of fabrication and manipulation, patient acceptance, ability to bond with other denture base resins, and low bacterial adherence make this material an important addition to the choices available to dentists. As with many new materials, there are initial problems or hurdles that must be overcome before there is widespread use. Initial formulations of material had insufficient flexural strength and tended to fracture when flexed over uncut sites on a stone cast. This problem has been reduced by Dentsply International, Inc. with the introduction of the new improved formulation. The original VLC bonding agent did not provide sufficient bond strength with acrylic resin denture base materials, but this also has been improved with development of a new VLC bonding agent. The problem of microporosity and small voids produced when adapting VLC resin sheets against a stone cast may be overcome with pressure or vacuum adaptation techniques. A promising application of VLC resin material is in direct intraoral procedures such as relining of dentures. Physical and chemical properties are superior to autopolymerizing methacrylates. Preliminary studies have shown successful patient acceptance to this clinical procedure. It is of particular advantage to the patient not to be without dentures for the period of at least 1 day necessary for a laboratory-processed relining. Immediate light-curing is time-saving and convenient compared to indirect (heat-cured) relining. Until recently, most direct intraoral applications of autopolymerizing acrylic resin reliner material were considered temporary or expedient to a permanent procedure. The patient and dentist may now have another treatment choice. The release of residual methyl methacrylate, among other shortcomings of AP materials, is not a concern when using the VLC reliner material. Some patients may notice a nonobjectionable taste to the uncured material; however, they can be reassured that the taste will be only temporary until the material is completely polymerized in the curing unit. The flow of the material can be regulated by selection of appropriate viscosity, warming and cooling measures, and partial intraoral polymerization with hand-held curing lights.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Acrylic Resins↗

Prosthetic aspects of osseointegrated fixtures supporting overdentures. A 4-year report.

Eighty-six consecutive patients, provided with 84 resilient and two nonresilient overdentures (six in the upper and 80 in the lower jaw), were examined. The overdentures were supported by a total of 173 osseointegrated titanium fixtures (the standard Branemark abutment), with a mean loading time of 19.1 months (range 4 to 48 months). In each jaw only two fixtures anchored the overdentures. No failures occurred during the observation period but two fixtures were lost before loading. The radiographic annual bone loss around fixtures in the lower jaw was -0.8 mm for the first year and less than -0.1 mm for the following years. The change in marginal bone height did not correlate with parameters such as the occlusion and articulation pattern, the presence or absence of a soft liner around the abutments, and the magnitude of the interabutment distance. The patients' reactions to overdenture treatment were, on the whole, positive concerning chewing function, phonetics, and comfort. The need for maintenance care of the clip-bar attachment was minimal.

Adult↗

A reliable index for correct positioning of precision attachments into an existing overdenture.

Limited space over abutment teeth may make incorporation of a precision attachment system within an existing overdenture technique sensitive. A special diagnostic index can be made to depict the available space within the prosthesis over the abutment teeth. This index is critical to determine the feasibility of attachment incorporation, as well as the selection and correct positioning of an appropriate attachment system. A method to improve predictability for precision attachment incorporation into an existing overdenture is described.

Dental Abutments↗

Observations on long-term use of a soft-lining material for mandibular complete dentures.

There has been ample evidence for short-term clinical success of Molloplast-b soft-lining materials, but their use has been discouraged because of an assumed need for frequent replacement. This article presents observations on 22 patients who were provided with Molloplast-b soft-lining materials in their mandibular complete dentures for up to 9 years. Fifteen of the patients were still wearing soft-lined dentures; four had been provided with implant-supported overdentures and two had converted to hard-based dentures. In nine patients occlusal wear was a reason cited for the need to replace the complete dentures, indicating that the soft-lining material had outlasted the acrylic resin teeth.

Adult↗

Immediate maxillary denture base extension for posterior palatal seal.

A procedure for extension of the maxillary denture base for development of a posterior palatal seal is described. The technique involves provisional extension with paraffin wax and adding direct relining resin supported by a silicone putty core. This simple, quick procedure achieves immediate recovery of retention for underextended maxillary dentures without additional laboratory procedures.

Dental Polishing↗

Clinical complications with implants and implant prostheses.

The purpose of this article is to identify the types of complications that have been reported in conjunction with endosseous root form implants and associated implant prostheses. A Medline and an extensive hand search were performed on English-language publications beginning in 1981. The searches focused on publications that contained clinical data regarding success/failure/complications. The complications were divided into the following 6 categories: surgical, implant loss, bone loss, peri-implant soft tissue, mechanical, and esthetic/phonetic. The raw data were combined from multiple studies and means calculated to identify trends noted in the incidences of complications. The most common implant complications (those with a greater than a 15% incidence) were loosening of the overdenture retentive mechanism (33%), implant loss in irradiated maxillae (25%), hemorrhage-related complications (24%), resin veneer fracture with fixed partial dentures (22%), implant loss with maxillary overdentures (21%), overdentures needing to be relined (19%), implant loss in type IV bone (16%), and overdenture clip/attachment fracture (16%). It was not possible to calculate an overall complications incidence for implant prostheses because there were not multiple clinical studies that simultaneously evaluated all or most of the categories of complications. Although the implant data had to be obtained from different studies, they do indicate a trend toward a greater incidence of complications with implant prostheses than single crowns, fixed partial dentures, all-ceramic crowns, resin-bonded prostheses, and posts and cores.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗

Repair of posterior base of a maxillary complete denture by use of a cast of stone and resilient material.

A method to repair a fractured complete denture and simultaneously augment deficient borders or correct an inadequate posterior palatal seal is described. Corrections were made intraorally with modeling compound and an elastomeric impression material. A resilient impression material was used to block out the undercuts in the denture, and repair was accomplished with visible light-cured resin or an autopolymerizing repair resin. This technique simplifies the laboratory procedures and thereby permits the return of the denture to the patient at the same visit.

Acrylic Resins↗

Transverse bond strength of repaired acrylic resin strips and temperature rise of dentures relined with VLC reline resin.

This study measured the transverse strength of polymethyl methacrylate heat-cured resin samples repaired with Triad visible light-cured reline resin with and without bonding pretreatments and with autopolymerizing resin, and it measured the temperature rise of Triad resin during relining of complete dentures at various curing cycles. The results indicated that pretreatment with either monomer or Triad bonding agent improved the bond of the Triad visible light-cured reline resin to the heat-cured resin. However, the use of the monomer rather than bonding agent resulted in a stronger bond and obtained values similar to those of samples repaired with autopolymerizing resin. Polymerization of samples repaired with Triad resin in the curing unit for two cycles of 5 minutes with 1 minute between cycles resulted in bubble formation and severe distortion of the heat-cured resin in the samples. Curing of the relined dentures for 10 minutes as recommended by the manufacturer raised the average peak temperature to 120 degrees C. In addition, it was shown that interrupting the light curing cycle attenuated the temperature rise, but it also resulted in a relatively softer reline resin. A continuous light curing of at least 5 minutes with the adjunct temperature rise is required to reach 1-hour hardness of 21.8 Vickers hardness number of the Triad reline resin.

Acrylic Resins↗

Fabrication of a single posterior intermediate restoration.

Intermediate or temporary crowns are important in cast restoration procedures. A techniques is suggested whereby a metal shell crown is relined with autopolymerizing acrylic resin. It produces a restoration that (1) has good adaptation, (2) maintains gingival tissue health, (3) provides proximal and occlusal contacts, and (4) maintains tooth position.

Acrylic Resins↗

Current concepts for relining complete dentures: a survey.

Reline procedures for complete dentures have received scant attention in the literature. Fifty-seven dental colleges responded to an 11-item survey on reline procedures. According to the tabulated data, most dental schools recommended the following (not necessarily our recommendations). Leave the denture(s) out of the mouth for at least 24 hours prior to fabrication of the reline impressions. Use tissue-conditioning material only on selected patients. Use Coe Comfort as the tissue-conditioning material of choice. Place either none or one relief hole in the maxillary denture, and place no relief holes in the mandibular denture prior to the impression(s). Place relief holes along the palatal midline of the maxillary denture. No specific size is recommended for the palatal relief holes. Place 1 mm of basal surface relief and 1 to 2 mm of border relief before the reline impression is made. Use a polysulfide rubber base material as the material of choice for reline impressions. Use a closed mouth impression technique. Remove the palate from the maxillary denture prior to processing. Use heat-cured resin (Lucitone) for processing. Use pressure-indicator paste prior to delivery of the denture(s). Remount the complete denture(s) on an articulator after processing for making occlusal corrections.

Denture Rebasing↗