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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Acute poisoning in drug addicts].

Death in drug addicts is frequently caused by intoxication due to drug overdose or additional ingestion of hypnotic drugs. Only 25 (1%) of 2594 well documented cases in a poison control center linked to an intensive care unit were concerned with drugs. Ten patients were severely intoxicated and all were hospitalized. Of 612 patients treated in the ICU, 8 (1.5%) were drug addicts with severe intoxications. Heroin was regularly involved, but only 3 had pure heroin intoxication. In 5 patients hypnotic drug poisoning predominated, most frequently due to deliberate barbiturate ingestion. All 8 patients were unconscious, 6 were artificially ventilated, and 5 received antidotes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Nutritional status of drug addicts undergoing detoxification: prevalence of malnutrition and influence of illicit drugs and lifestyle.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the nutritional status of drug addicts, the prevalence of malnutrition among them and the influence of their drug habit and lifestyle factors on their nutritional indices. The study was conducted among 253 male drug addicts, who sought detoxification at the Central Drug Addiction Treatment Hospital, Dhaka, during the period of June 1998-July 1999. One hundred age-, height- and socioeconomic-matched non-addicted healthy men were recruited by convenience as cohort controls. Results showed that the drug addicts had significantly (P<0.001) lowered BMI, haemoglobin, and serum total protein and albumin levels. Clinical signs of nutrient deficiency were diagnosed in about 74 % of drug addicts. The BMI, biochemical values and nutrient deficiency signs indicated that more than 60 % of drug addicts were suffering from multiple malnutrition. One-way ANOVA demonstrated a significant (P<0.05) negative correlation between drug habit, sexually transmitted diseases and selected nutritional indices, and a positive correlation between education, income and the nutritional indices. A series of multiple regression analyses revealed that education, income and age showed significantly predicted BMI and biochemical indices, and the group (non-drug addicts or drug addicts) had a significant negative effect on these parameters in favour of controls.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Dental referral of drug addicts].

Reasons for drug addicts' non-compliance to dental referral were investigated. Sixty-eight out of 83 addicts referred to the dentist were interviewed. Eighty-one percent intended to go, but only 42% did show up for their first appointment. Mean dental anxiety score (SDAI) was 23.6. An active referral of a non-anxious patient who visited the dentist in the past if in pain appeared least likely to fail. Dental care as an integral part of care for drug addicts is advocated.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Distribution of the genotypes of hepatitis C virus in intravenous drug addicts in Argentina].

Intravenous drug addiction (IVD) is an unfrequent risk factor in Argentina, representing less than 10% of patients (pts) with chronic HCV infection seen in our Unit. In order to study the genotypes (Gt) in IVD and compare them with a non drug addicted control population, 68 pts with a history of IVD were enrolled in this study and compared with 68 non drug addict (NDA) pts with chronic HCV, with similar age and gender distribution. In all pts a liver biopsy was performed. Genotyping was done by INNO LiPA (Innogenetics, Belgium). Mean age in both groups was 35 +/- 7.8 years and 50 were males. No difference was observed between both groups in the prevalence of Gt1a, Gt2a/c and in those with mixed infections. The prevalence of Gt1b in IVD was 19.1% and in NDA 38.2% (p = 0.0228). A highly significant difference was also observed in the prevalence of Gt3a, of 42.6% in IVD and only 11.8% in NDA (p = 0.0001). Gt1a was the second most frequent genotype in IVD pts (26.5%). Simultaneous HIV infection was present in 8 IVD pts (11.8%) and in none of NDA group. Liver biopsies showed a higher prevalence of mild chronic hepatitis in NDA (57.3%) than in IVD (32.4%) (p = 0.0058). Severe chronic hepatitis with advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis was more frequent in the Gt3 of the group with IVD when compared with Gt3 of the NDA group. It can be concluded that in accordance with other geographical areas, Gt3a is far more prevalent in intravenous drugs addicts than in the general population in Argentina where Gt1b is more frequent. Mild forms of chronic hepatitis are less frequent in IVD. In spite of the relatively small group with HCV co-infection with HIV, it seems important to note that 2/8 (25%) showed severe hepatitis C or cirrhosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Prevalence of liver damage in alcoholics and drug addicts].

The behaviour of drug addicts and alcoholics leads to the cooperation of risk factors concerning the development of chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma. The authors evaluate the prevalence of infections from B, C and Delta virus among a group of 40 intravenous drug users and 40 alcoholics affering to a territorial centre for drug dependence located in Valtellina (Italy). The prevalence of at least one serum marker of virus B, C or Delta hepatitis results to be 85% among drug addicts and 17% among alcoholics. The prevalence of Anti-HCV in alcoholics results to be much lower than found in former works. For what concerns the hepatitis B virus, 68% of the drug addicts and 10% of the alcoholics had at least one positive serum marker. The hepatitis B seronegative patients underwent vaccination with a recombinant-DNA vaccine. Those affected by chronic C hepatitis have been treated with alpha-recombinant interferon. All of the patients underwent health education, psychotherapy and drug-addiction therapy for a period of 8 months. These strategies in prevention and therapy aim to the reduction over the years of the incidence of chronic hepatitis liver cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma among intravenous drug users and alcoholics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Suicide among drug addicts in Norway.

The impact of drug addiction in suicide with respect to gender and trend changes in drug addiction was assessed from Norwegian data on 1608 drug addicts admitted to treatment over the past three decades. The mean annual mortality rate was 2.3%, and 14.7% of those who died committed suicide. The incidence density of suicide was significantly higher among drug addicts than in the total population, and the excess mortality by suicide was higher for women, higher in the youngest age group, and higher for those who died during the 1970s. No differences in suicide intensity were found between male and female drug addicts, whereas an effect of admission period on suicide intensity was found for women but not for men. Hence, among female drug addicts, those admitted to treatment in the 1970s and 1980s tended to take their own lives during a shorter observation period than those admitted during the 1960s. The degree to which the elevated risk of suicide among drug addicts varies with gender and period is discussed with reference to the impact of gender roles and varying features of drug addicts in Norway over time.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Drug addiction and social exclusion].

Destitute drug addicts have not deliberately chosen to be socially excluded; it's more the consequence of a sanitary and social policy which has given a greater importance to the treatment of addiction than to the drug addict's health. Facing Aids, physicians, with their pragmatic attitude, have reversed this drift. On the streets, the drug addict holds handicaps concurrently; medicinal addiction leads to harder sevrance and substitution. Having access to social rights allows to regain an identity, compulsory for an access to health care; but public hospitals have to make casier both the admission and the stay of patients whose therapeutic observance is dependent on a preliminary substitution. Drug addiction and precarity represent a double social challenge that a democratic society must take up without any segregation.

France↗