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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

The impact of marketing on hospital performance.

This study examines the effect of traditional and innovative marketing factors on the overall financial, operations and market performance of 71 not-for-profit hospitals in a metropolitan area. Traditional marketing factors of location, services offered and pricing did influence the financial performance of system-affiliated and non-system hospitals. They also influenced the operating performance of urban hospitals and the market performance of non-teaching institutions. In contrast, the innovative marketing factors of physician relations, community relations and specialized sales forces had no significant influence on performance differences among the hospitals in the entire sample and sub-samples based on geography, teaching involvement and system affiliation.

Community-Institutional Relations↗
PubMed2003

Factors responsible for coverage and compliance in mass drug administration during the programme to eliminate lymphatic filariasis in the East Godavari District, South India.

The paper attempts to report the factors responsible for the coverage and compliance of mass diethylcarbamazine citrate (DEC) administration, during the programme to eliminate lymphatic filariasis in the East Godavari District of Andhra Pradesh, India. The evaluation survey indicates that single dose DEC was received by 77% and taken by 64% of eligible people. Reasons for non-reception and non-consumption of the drug at household level were identified. The factors that influenced the coverage and compliance of treatment are broadly categorized as health services related, community related and drug related factors. The study identified some key factors to be followed for the success of the programme.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1996

The Community Health Advocacy Program: changing the relations between communities and the medical campus.

Both CHAP and service-learning are unique new additions to medical education. The Medical School, Swearer Center for Public Service, and the Providence community have shown tremendous support and commitment. This commitment continues with the medical school's hiring of the Service-Learning Coordinator, who will help direct CHAP and organize service learning opportunities for medical students. CHAP provided me with an incredible learning experience, both frustrating and empowering. I was able to make sense out of medicine in the context of community health and also help others make sense of why an understanding of the communities in which they work and live was important to their medical education. On the whole I am pleased with the work and progress of CHAP as well as the service learning. I look forward to its future success and the newly forged partnerships of participating communities and the Brown Medical School campus.

Community Health Services↗
PubMed2004

A method for finding communities of related genes.

We present a method for creating a network of gene co-occurrences from the literature and partitioning it into communities of related genes. The way in which our method identifies communities makes it likely that the component genes of each community will be related by their function. The method processes a large database of article abstracts, synthesizing information from many sources to shed light on groups of genes that have been shown to interact. It is a tool to be used by researchers in the biomedical sciences to swiftly search for known interactions and to provide insight into unexplored connections. The partitioning procedure is designed to be particularly applicable to large networks in which individual nodes may play a role in more than one community. In this paper, we explain the details of the method, in particular the partitioning process. We also apply the method to produce communities of genes related to colon cancer and show that the results are useful.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed2006

A DNA microarray platform based on direct detection of rRNA for characterization of freshwater sediment-related prokaryotic communities.

A DNA microarray platform for the characterization of bacterial communities in freshwater sediments based on a heterogeneous set of 70 16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes and directly labeled environmental RNA was developed and evaluated. Application of a simple protocol for the efficient background blocking of aminosilane-coated slides resulted in an improved signal-to-noise ratio and a detection limit of 10 ng for particular 16S rRNA targets. An initial specificity test of the system using RNA from pure cultures of different phylogenetic lineages showed a fraction of false-positive signals of approximately 5% after protocol optimization and a marginal loss of correct positive signals. Subsequent microarray analysis of sediment-related community RNA from four different German river sites suggested low diversity for the groups targeted but indicated distinct differences in community composition. The results were supported by parallel fluorescence in situ hybridization in combination with sensitive catalyzed reporter deposition (CARD-FISH). In comparisons of the data of different sampling sites, specific detection of populations with relative cellular abundances down to 2% as well as a correlation of microarray signal intensities and population size is suggested. Our results demonstrate that DNA microarray technology allows for the fast and efficient precharacterization of complex bacterial communities by the use of standard single-cell hybridization probes and the direct detection of environmental rRNA, also in methodological challenging habitats such as heterogeneous lotic freshwater sediments.

Bacteria↗
PubMed2000

Strengthening parent-community member relations on agency boards: comparative case study.

Relations between parents of children with developmental disabilities and other community members on agency boards can be difficult to negotiate. In this comparative study of the boards of three community agencies, we examined the forces that influence the quality of parent-community member relations. The results suggest that when differences between groups are acknowledged and respected at the same time that similarities are recognized and valued, board operations are more likely to be successful and focused on providing effective services. The case descriptions included here suggest that an organization's ability to manage the tension between intergroup differences and similarities is influenced by (a) organizational history of intergroup relations, (b) group identification, and (c) organizational practices that bridge group differences. Action implications are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Involving former patients, relatives, and community mental health professionals in the administration of a state hospital.

This article describes the Western State Hospital Community Interface Panel, an administrative advisory panel composed of former patients, relatives of patients, and community mental health professionals. The purposes served by this panel are to increase administrative lines of communication with those persons who are most capable of providing appropriate feedback on inpatient programs, share viewpoints on legislative and state policy issues, and work toward enhancing the general community hospital collaboration characterized as a "single system of care."

Community Participation↗
PubMed2002

[General practitioner's recognition of service cooperation with community pharmacists related to home care in a suburban area].

OBJECTIVES: To clarify the factors affecting a general practitioner's demands and the recognition of service cooperation with community pharmacists related to home care in a suburban area. METHODS: A questionnaire on pharmacy services and functions was administered to 215 general practitioners in a suburban area. Gender, age, specialty, length of practice, status of home visiting, requests for community pharmacists, awareness of a home visiting service by community pharmacists, status of issues about home visiting orders to community pharmacists and the criteria for deciding to issue an order, recognition of the necessity of a home visiting service by pharmacists, expectation value to the community of the pharmacists' participation in the home care service and requests, recognition of cooperation with other home care related professions, ease of cooperation with community pharmacists, disincentives for cooperation with community pharmacists, factors necessary to promote cooperation between practitioners and community pharmacists, and factors necessary to promote the home care system were surveyed. Using the results, chi 2 test and principal component analysis were performed. RESULTS: It was found that the general practitioners' main demands were support and management of pharmaceutical therapy. Meanwhile, the practitioners' low cognition of pharmacists' home visiting seemed to be one disincentive to cooperation with pharmacists. Every practitioner who had issued visiting orders to pharmacists practiced home visiting and issued the visiting orders based on patients' condition at home. Practitioners who practiced home visiting were more active in promoting the home care system and had a better cognition and more extensive demands for pharmacists' home visiting compared to practitioners with no home visiting. Practitioners with good recognition of cooperation with community pharmacists had better cognition, realized the necessity of, and expected pharmacist's home visiting compared to practitioners with low awareness. However, practitioners' overall recognition of cooperation with pharmacists was relatively low. As disincentives, practitioners pointed out lack of acquaintance, the unclear function of pharmacists, and no opportunity for cooperation. So, enhancing practitioners' awareness of home care, clarifying the pharmacist's role, establishing a relationship of mutual trust through information feedback and/or exchange based on practice would be effective in promoting service cooperation with community pharmacists.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Decision making in community nursing: an analysis of the stages of decision making as they relate to community nursing assessment practice.

This paper considers the nature of decisions made in the context of community nursing practice, in the light of the stages of decision making distilled by Carroll & Johnson from the work of various theorists, and explores the relevance of each stage to community nurses' decision making. Illustrative examples of specific theoretical perspectives are included throughout the paper. The discussion forms part of the literature review for research currently being undertaken by the authors into patient assessment by community nurses. As decision making is a key element of community nurses' assessment practice, the paper argues that decision making theory forms a useful conceptual framework for investigating this aspect of community nursing.

Community Health Nursing↗
PubMed2003

The relation of community developmental attentiveness to adolescent health.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relation of student exposure to selected developmental assets with indicators of thriving, using more reliable measures than previously reported. METHODS: Self-report surveys were completed by a diverse sample of 5136 students in 6th-12th grades. Analyses of variance were used to examine the assets-thriving relation. RESULTS: A majority of students reported experiencing only 3 of 12 assets. The more assets students reported, the more they reported thriving in physical, psychological, social, and academic domains. CONCLUSIONS: Adults must become more intentional about building the relationships, opportunities, values, and skills young people need for optimally healthy development.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

The role of maternal acceptance in the relation between community violence exposure and child functioning.

Children in the United States are exposed to considerable community violence that has been linked to child functioning. However, not all those exposed, experience negative outcomes. Recent research has focused on factors that "buffer" or protect children from negative consequences of violence exposure. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the potential buffering or moderating role of maternal acceptance in the relationship between community violence exposure and internalizing and externalizing problems. Subjects were 268 urban African American first graders. Community violence exposure was significantly related to symptoms of post-traumatic stress, but did not correlate with either internalizing or externalizing problems for all children, after control for demographics, maternal mental health, and general life stress. However, children's perceptions of maternal acceptance moderated the relationship between violence exposure and internalizing and externalizing problems which included being withdrawn, anxious-depressed, and demonstrating delinquent behavior. Children with the lowest levels of self-reported maternal acceptance were most impacted by community violence. In this sample of urban first graders, low levels of maternal acceptance placed children at greater risk for adverse outcomes associated with community violence exposure compared to moderate and high levels of maternal acceptance.

Black or African American↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of characteristics between geriatric and younger subjects with schizophrenia in community.

Relatively little is known about the different characteristics of non-institutionalized geriatric and younger subjects with schizophrenia. This study compared demographic and clinical characteristics of all the geriatric, middle-age and young subjects with schizophrenia living in a Chinese rural community. Geriatric (age >/= 65 years) (N = 51), middle-age (age 41-64 years) (N = 263) and young subjects with schizophrenia (age 15-40 years) (N = 196) in a rural community were assessed with the Present State Examination and Social Disability Screening Schedule. Age at first onset was significantly older in geriatric male and female groups. While there were no significant differences of negative symptoms among the three groups, the rates of lifetime nuclear syndrome were significantly lower in geriatric subjects compared to the other two groups. Geriatric subjects were less likely to have been hospitalized (9.8%) than middle-age (19.0%) and younger subjects (24.8%). Although the duration of illness was significantly longer in geriatric subjects than in the other two groups, the clinical outcome was significantly better in the geriatric group and social functioning scores were similar among the three groups. Geriatric subjects were more likely to be female, with longer duration of illness, fewer "core" symptoms, relatively stable social functioning and clinical outcome. The pathogenesis and psychopathology of geriatric subjects may be different compared to younger subjects with schizophrenia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Variations of phytoplankton community structure related to water quality trends in a tropical karstic coastal zone.

Phytoplankton community structure in coastal areas is a result of various environmental factors such as nutrients, light, grazing, temperature, and salinity. The Yucatan Peninsula is a karstic tropical region that is strongly influenced by submerged groundwater discharge (SGD) into the coastal zone. Phytoplankton community structure and its relationship with regional and local water quality variables were studied in four ports of the northwestern Yucatan Peninsula. Water quality was strongly related to SGD, and variations in phytoplankton community structure were related to local nutrient loading and hydrographic conditions, turbulence, and human impacts. Our study provides an ecological baseline for the Yucatan Peninsula and serves as a basis for establishing monitoring programs to predict changes at sites with high hydrological variation and in developing an early alert system for harmful toxic algal blooms.

Analysis of Variance↗