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Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Training psychiatric patients to discuss medication issues. Effects on patient communication and knowledge of medications.

Psychiatric inpatients were randomly assigned to a medication-related communication skills program or to a control condition that consisted of a medication education program. The medication communication program emphasized learning to ask physicians questions about medications, to describe current problems, and to make relevant requests. Although patients in both groups improved their knowledge of medications, the medication communication skills program had the added impact of teaching patients to ask more questions of a doctor and to engage in longer conversations. Moreover, patients who completed the medication communication program were rated as more assertive, as having acquired more information about a new medication that was prescribed, as having greater social skill, as being more likely to be compliant with medication, and as having greater eye contact. These results suggest that the use of a medication-related communication skills program may be a somewhat novel and effective way to increase patient involvement in treatment and to facilitate the elicitation of information about the prescribed medication regimen.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Planning factors for developing an enterprise-wide picture archiving and communication system maintenance program.

Picture archiving and communication system (PACS) maintenance on an individual site basis has historically been a complex and costly challenge. With the advent of enterprise-wide PACS projects such as the Virtual Radiology Environment (VRE) project, the challenge of a maintenance program with even more complexities has presented itself. The approach of the project management team for the VRE project is not one of reactive maintenance, but one of highly proactive planning and negotiations, in hopes of capitalizing on the economies of scale of an enterprise-wide PACS maintenance program. A proactive maintenance program is one aspect of life-cycle management. As with any capital acquisition, life-cycle management may be used to manage the specific project aspects related to PACS. The purpose of an enterprise-wide warranty and maintenance life-cycle management approach is to maintain PACS at its maximum operational efficiency and utilization levels through a flexible, shared, yet symbiotic relationship between local, regional, and vendor resources. These goals include providing maximum operational performance levels on a local, regional, and enterprise basis, while maintaining acceptable costs and resource utilization levels. This goal must be achieved without negatively impacting point of care activities, regardless of changes to the clinical business environment.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMed1999

Family communication coordination: a program to increase organ donation.

To improve organ donation performance, the Medical College of Virginia Hospitals implemented a comprehensive family support and communication program, consisting of a standard family communications protocol, a hospital-based team from the Department of Pastoral Care, targeted staff education, and an ongoing quality assurance measuring and monitoring system. The 3 best-demonstrated request practices, private setting, "decoupling," and collaboration in the request between the organ procurement organization and hospital staff, were incorporated into the program. Improvement in the consent and donation rate was evident in the second calendar year of the program; the consent rate was 72% and the donation rate was 50%. During the second year, there was also a positive correlation between "decoupling," appropriate requestor, and the consent rate. Implementation of a hospital-based team and a standard protocol facilitated the clarification of roles and responsibilities toward clearer and more consistent family communication and support. Data suggest that staff experience is a major contributor to a positive donation outcome.

Clinical Protocols↗
PubMed1984

A DNA sequence analysis package for the IBM personal computer.

We present here a collection of DNA sequence analysis programs, called "PC Sequence" (PCS), which are designed to run on the IBM Personal Computer (PC). These programs are written in IBM PC compiled BASIC and take full advantage of the IBM PC's speed, error handling, and graphics capabilities. For a modest initial expense in hardware any laboratory can use these programs to quickly perform computer analysis on DNA sequences. They are written with the novice user in mind and require very little training or previous experience with computers. Also provided are a text editing program for creating and modifying DNA sequence files and a communications program which enables the PC to communicate with and collect information from mainframe computers and DNA sequence databases.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2001

OSHA's hazard communication standard. What it means for U.S. hospitals.

Chemical hazards are an important issue for employers, employees, and the organizations that represent them. In the United States, this fact is reflected in the proliferation of state and federal laws designed to provide workers with the means to protect themselves from such hazards. "Right-to-know" legislation, as these laws have become known, are intended to help employees learn about potential chemical hazards in the workplace and how to avoid them. In this article, we focus on the federal right-to-know law--the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration's hazard communication standard--discussing in general terms the tasks that U.S. hospitals must perform to comply with the standard. We've simplified these tasks into (1) identifying hazardous agents, (2) developing and implementing a written hazard communication program, and (3) training employees.

Communication↗
PubMed1987

Hospitals and the hazard communication standard.

The previous three articles in this four-part series introduced the need for hazardous waste management in hospitals, the regulatory background, insights for determining which hospital waste streams are hazardous or infectious, and practical aspects of hazardous waste management for hospitals. In this final article in the series, the author focuses on the requirements of the federal Hazard Communication Standard, its relationship with state and local "right to know" laws, and actions a hospital should take to institute a hazard communication program.

Accident Prevention↗
PubMed1992

Innovative instructional programs for students with language or behavioral disorders.

We described creative and innovative language programs for students with LLD and BD, or both. There are three models of learning that have had considerable impact on how language services have been designed and executed for these two populations of students. Our principal argument is that there is a fourth approach or model based on empowerment. We presented the premises and principles of the empowerment model and described two programs using empowerment as the foundation for the provision of communication and language services. Language and communication programs grounded in an empowerment model offer greater possibilities for students to acquire the discourses necessary for successful participation in the culture of school, as well as the cultures in which they participate outside of school. Discovering strengths and competencies across a wide spectrum of learning affords students opportunities for developing self-knowledge based in capability and adeptness rather than in deficiency and impairment. The emergence, unfolding, and eventual maturation of these competencies and capabilities are critical not only to those students who discover them, but also to the future of all of us.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1994

Role for risk communication in closing military waste sites.

Lessons learned from environmental and occupational hazard risk management practices over the past 30 years have led the Department of Defense to explore alternative risk management approaches. Policies for cleanup of environmentally hazardous waste sites are undergoing examination and are being reframed. A Demonstration Risk Communication Program is described which incorporates principles that integrate risk-based scientific information as well as community values, perceptions, and needs in a democratic process that includes the public as an active participant from the earliest stages. A strong scientific foundation for assessment and characterization of risk is viewed as necessary but not sufficient; the public's values must be actively integrated into the negotiated criteria. The Demonstration Program uses a model to prepare the participants and to guide them through the process. A five-step process is presented: (1) create risk communications process action team including at least one member of the specific site audience; (2) professionally train participants on team dynamics including interpersonal communication skills; (3) train risk communicators to deliver a cogent presentation of the message to secure a decision acceptable to both the government and the public; (4) identify existing biases, perceptions, and values held by all participants; and (5) develop risk message incorporating science and values. The process action team approach assumes the participants enter into the effort with the goal of improved environment and safeguarded public health. The team approach avoids confrontational or adversarial interactions and focuses on a dialogue from which a negotiated team response develops. Central to the program is the recognition that communication is only effective when the dialogue is two-way.

Communication↗
PubMed1983

Communications satellites in health education and health care provision. The WAMI experience.

Since 1971, the University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, has operated a four-state, medical education program covering Washington, Alaska, Montana, and Idaho. This WAMI Program involves four universities without medical schools and 15 communities. To maintain this program, communication between the sites is imperative and mandates travel. The experiments described in this article were undertaken to determine whether full-duplex audio and color-video interactions via communications satellites could replace the travel requirements of the WAMI Program. Experiments involving the administration of the program, the presentation of the undergraduate medical education curriculum, the provision of health services, and the formation of public policies were conducted. The results suggest that satellite communication has broad applicability in medical education and health care provision.

Alaska↗
PubMed1985

Some workable community, employee and patient programs.

In the past few years, a number of hospitals and nursing homes have come up with communication programs that have been effective in reducing loses as well as improving relations with employees, patients, visitors, and residents. This article describes a number of these programs.

Facility Design and Construction↗
PubMed2000

A critical assessment of theories/models used in health communication for HIV/AIDS.

Most theories and models used to develop human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) communication are based on social psychology that emphasizes individualism. Researchers including communication and health scholars are now questioning the presumed global relevance of these models and thus the need to develop innovative theories and models that take into account regional contexts. In this paper, we discuss the commonly used theories and models in HIV/AIDS communication. Furthermore, we argue that the flaws in the application of the commonly used "classical" models in health communication are because of contextual differences in locations where these models are applied. That is to say that these theories and models are being applied in contexts for which they were not designed. For example, the differences in health behaviors are often the function of culture. Therefore, culture should be viewed for its strength and not always as a barrier. The metaphorical coupling of "culture" and "barrier" needs to be exposed, deconstructed, and reconstructed so that new, positive, cultural linkages can be forged. The HIV/AIDS pandemic has served as a flashpoint to either highlight the importance or deny the relevance of theories and models while at the same time addressing the importance of culture in the development and implementation of communication programs.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1996

A national survey of hypnosis training--its status in psychiatric residency programs: a brief communication.

Hypnosis training in psychiatric residency programs has not previously been well documented in the literature. This article examines the extent of such training in residency programs and the attitudes of residency directors to training and the use of hypnosis. A brief survey requesting information on hypnosis training was sent to all psychiatric residency directors in the United States. Sixty-three percent of responding program directors (n = 154) report offering either required or elective coursework in hypnosis. Of programs offering hypnosis training, the mean number of hours was 8, suggesting that many psychiatrists have only limited exposure to hypnosis during residency. The authors conclude that hypnosis training is widely variable within psychiatric residency programs and is dependent on the faculty and training director interests within individual programs.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1991

In-home generalization of social interactions in families of adolescents with behavior problems.

The effects of a three-phase family communication program were evaluated. In the skill-teaching phase, family members were taught reciprocal social communication skills in a clinic setting. During the skill-review phase, each family member practiced the skills in their homes with the teacher. During the home-based family conference phase, each family was taught to use a structured format to resolve current family issues using their newly acquired skills. In-home parent-youth interactions were observed during a series of 1-hr sessions that involved directed and nondirected situations. Evaluation included a multiple baseline design across skills during the skill-teaching phase and a multiple baseline design across families for the family conference phase. Although the procedures of the skill-teaching phase resulted in parent-adolescent dyads learning to use the skills in the teaching setting, competent use of the skills in the home was not observed until the family conference phase was implemented. These results suggest the importance of home-based intervention if changes are to be obtained at home.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

United Hospitals makes flex fly.

How can an employer convince an employee who may have to spend $20-120 a month for benefits (previously paid by the employer) that the expenditure makes sense? United Hospitals confronted the issue head-on when it began its flex benefits program. The company made flex work by involving managers in planning and developing an extensive communication program.

Community Participation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Using sign language with tracheotomized infants and children.

Children's ability to communicate with others is important for cognitive development. However, the number of infants and young children deprived of vocalization (aphonia) is increasing in the pediatric patient population due to tracheotomy. The Communication Program for Infants and Parents (CPIP) uses sign language as an alternative system to verbal communication.

Aphonia↗
PubMed1988

Communication of adults with learning disabilities: self and others' perceptions.

This study investigated perceptions of the communication performance of 31 young adults with severe learning disabilities enrolled in a vocational-education program. Communication assessment questionnaires, designed to rate communication skills of these students, were completed by the students themselves and vocational educators. These questionnaires included items in the areas of comprehension, verbal expression, social communication, and problem solving. Overall, the students' perceptions of their own communication performance were remarkably similar to those of the vocational educators. However, students perceived their communicative performance as less problematic than did others. Of the four areas pertinent to communication, students and vocational educators perceived problem solving as most difficult. Implications of these findings are discussed with reference to the development of assessment procedures for adults with learning disabilities.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Creating a message for profit.

Advertising and marketing a medical group pose many problems and require detailed planning--but are well worth it. A medical group and an advertising agency chronicle their experience in forming a broad print communications program for the group, including the importance of knowing the target, setting a budget, and following up the program with market research.

Advertising↗