Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Chinese”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Revival of a tradition of Chinese medicine in a reclaimed Chinese territory.

The effect of the political transition from a British Colony to a Special Administration Region of China in 1997 on the tradition of Chinese medicine is examined using historical reviews as well as interviews with various sectors of the population in Hong Kong. Results show that the political change has stimulated the formation of a location-specific Hong Kong Chinese medicine strongly characterized by both scientific and commercial elements developed from the culture of Chinese medicine.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed2000

[Fujian oversea Chinese and Chinese traditional pharmacist in Southeast Asia].

Hakka from Yongding and southern part of Fujian, engaged in Chinese traditional medicine enterprise in south - east Asia, make up the majority of overseas from Fujian. They played an important part in the development of traditional Chinese medicine and insurance of people's health, in planting Chinese herbs, opening pharmaceutical factory, organizing pharmaceutical company and associations of medicine etc. They made great contributions to the communication and cooperation of medicine between PR China and other countries, especially Fujian and south - east Asia.

Asia, Southeastern↗
PubMed2001

[Studies on original plant of traditional Chinese drug "bai zhi" (radix Angelicae Dahuricae) and its closely related wild plants. IV. Discussion on original plant and cultivation history of traditional Chinese drug "bai zhi" and evolution of its closely related wild plants].

OBJECTIVE: To confirm the original plant of traditional Chinese drug "Bai Zhi" and to inquire into the cultivation history of "Bai Zhi" and evolution of closely related wild plants of "Bai Zhi". METHOD: Various research results obtained were synthesized and discussed according to historical and current data. RESULT: Obtained research results, historical and current data showed almost no difference. CONCLUSION: 1. Angelica dahurica var. formosana must be the original plant of traditional Chinese drug "Bai Zhi". 2. A. porphyrocaulis should be treated as a variety of A. dahurica, named as A. dahurica var. porphyrocaulis. 3. 4 sorts of Chinese traditional drug "Bai Zhi" (Chuang Bai Zhi, Hang Bai Zhi, Qi Bai Zhi and Yu Bai Zhi) should not be taxonomically distinguished. The history of utilization and cultivation of "Bai Zhi", and the evolutional relation of the closely related wild plants of "Bai Zhi" (A. dahurica, A. dahurica var. formosana, and A. dahurica var. porphyrocaulis) were also discussed.

Angelica↗
PubMed1996

Factor structure of the Chinese version of the WAIS-R for Chinese adults in the lowest percentiles of IQ.

The Chinese version of the WAIS-R was factor analyzed for a sample of 130 Chinese adults in Hong Kong who had low intellectual abilities. All subtests except the Vocabulary subtest were included for analyses. Results supported a three-factor solution composed of Verbal Comprehension, Perceptual Organization, and Memory/Freedom from Distractibility Factors, as well as a two-factor solution of classic Verbal-Perceptual dichotomy. Comparison of present two- and three-factor structure with individuals having low or normal IQ in Mainland China and North America revealed satisfactory congruence coefficients. However, our general factor accounted for only a small portion of common and total variance (28.5% and 35.3% respectively). Error variances of our subtests were large when compared to normative samples of Mainland China and US. Results were discussed in terms of clinical interpretation of the WAIS-R subtests, danger of using short-forms to assess IQ and need for normative studies of WAIS-R in Chinese-speaking countries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Behavioral profile of Alzheimer's disease in Chinese elderly--a validation study of the Chinese version of the Alzheimer's disease behavioral pathology rating scale.

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to examine the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Alzheimer's disease behavioral pathology rating scale (CBehave-AD) and the behavioral profile of Chinese patients with AD. METHODS: Seventy-one subjects with NINCDS-ADRDA diagnosis of probable and possible AD were assessed for validation of the CBehave-AD. A behavioral symptom frequency checklist, the Chinese version of the Blessed Roth dementia scale (CDS) and the Cantonese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (CMMSE) were used for comparison. An extended sample of 120 AD patients was then evaluated with the CBehave-AD. RESULTS: High correlations between the CBehave-AD and checklist scores were found (paranoid and delusional ideation, hallucinations, activity disturbances, aggressiveness and diurnal rhythm disturbances). The scale also demonstrated satisfactory inter-rater and test-retest reliabilities. The mean (SD) CMMSE score of the 120 patients was 9.4 (7.1). Among them, 32% have delusions, 15% had hallucinations, 54% had activity disturbances, 61% had aggressive behavior, 44% had sleep disturbance, 24% had affective disturbances, 19% had anxiety and phobias. Delusional ideation was significantly associated with hallucinations, aggressiveness, and affective disturbances. Diurnal rhythm disturbances were associated with activity disturbances and aggressiveness. CBehave-AD total scores were not significantly correlated with severity of AD, but individual symptom categories showed different pattern of correlation. Delusions, hallucinations, anxiety and phobias were significantly correlated with dementia staging. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that the CBehave-AD is a valid assessment tool for behavioral disturbances in patients with AD. Variable associations between different symptom categories and dementia staging suggest a need for further exploration of the complex interactions between behavioral and cognitive disturbances in dementia.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Reliability and factor structure of the Chinese version of the Self-report Family Inventory in Chinese adolescents.

The Chinese version (C-SFI) of the Self-Report Family Inventory (SFI) was administered to 3,649 Chinese adolescents. Results showed that the C-SFI is internally consistent. Factor analyses revealed that two factors were abstracted from the scale (positive family behavior and negative family behavior), and they could reliably be reproduced in different adolescent subsamples based on gender and grade. Contrary to the previous findings that there are five to six dimensions of the SFI, the present findings show that the C-SFI has two dimensions. This study suggests that clinical practitioners should be cautious in using the subscales in the SFI, particularly for the Chinese.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Taurine content in Chinese food and daily intake of Chinese men.

The taurine content in Chinese food, including seafood, fresh water fish, meats and some plants, was examined in this study. Seafood was freshly collected from 4 coastal areas in China. Meat and plant food samples were obtained from food markets. The highest concentration of taurine was found in crustaceans and molluses (300-800 mg per 100 g edible portion). The amount of taurine in fish was variable. Beef, pork and lamb contained taurine in concentrations ranging from 30-160 mg per 100 g. No taurine was detected in hen eggs and plants. The daily taurine intake of representative Chinese men (18-45 years old, 60 kg body weight, light physical activity) was also studied in 1990 as a part of the Total Diet Study. Representative food samples were collected from 12 provinces in 4 areas of China. Samples were then combined and cooked according to food categories (meat, seafood, vegetables, etc) The combined meat and seafood samples were analyzed for taurine. The daily taurine intake of a standard man in the 4 areas was calculated based on the amount of food intake obtained from the dietary survey and the taurine concentration in the analyzed food samples. The result showed that the daily taurine intake of a standard Chinese man in the 4 different test areas ranged from 34 to 80 mg per day.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Transfer of the human genes coding for thymidine kinase and galactokinase to Chinese hamster cells and human-Chinese hamster cell hybrids.

Cotransfer of two linked human genes, coding for the enzymes thymidine kinase (TK) and galactokinase (Gak) was demonstrated following incubation of Chinese hamster TK-deficient cells with isolated human chromosomes. The 5 colonies which were isolated all expressed a stable TK-positive phenotype. Cotransfer of the human genes coding for TK and Gak has also been observed in experiments in which isolated human chromosomes were incubated with TK-deficient human-Chinese hamster cell hybrids. These receipient hybrids had lost all human chromosomes at the time of incubation. From these experiments, four colonies were isolated, all expressing an unstable TK-positive phenotype. Using chromosome staining techniques, the presence of human chromosomes could not be demonstrated in either of the transformed clonal lines obtained with the Chinese hamster and the hybrid recipient cells. This indicates that incorporation of only the fragment of the human chromosome 17, bearing the genes for TK and Gak, has occurred in the recipient cells.

Galactose↗
PubMed1991

Incidence and mortality rates of myocardial infarction in Chinese workers aged 40-59 in relation to coronary risk factors. Results of a Chinese prospective study (Wuhan Study) in comparison to the Göttingen Risk Incidence and Prevalence Study (GRIPS).

Some 2045 male Chinese industrial workers aged 40-59 years living in the city of Wuhan in the People's Republic of China were examined for coronary risk factors in the year 1983. The investigation included a patient history, clinical examination, and ECG and laboratory tests, with special attention to serum lipids. After 5 years, a follow-up investigation of the study group was carried out. The results were compared to the similarly designed German GRIPS project. In comparison to the German population, significantly lower levels for total-, LDL-, and VLDL-cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, triglycerides, uric acid, body mass index, and diastolic blood pressure were found in China. The percentage of smokers, however, was remarkably higher in China than in the Federal Republic of Germany. During the 5 year observation period in the Chinese sample, four subjects suffered from sudden death and four from nonfatal myocardial infarction; in the German study group three times as many fatal myocardial infarction and cases of sudden death and 7.5 times as many nonfatal myocardial infarctions were recorded. Nonfatal coronary heart disease and peripheral vascular disease were also observed less often in China. The incidence of cerebrovascular diseases was 1.5 times higher in China than in Germany. Whereas in Germany, total-, and LDL-cholesterol values were the major distinguishing parameters between infarction and reference groups, in China these values have thus far had no significant influence on the level of risk. Instead in the Chinese incidence group, significantly higher levels for blood pressure, body mass index, uric acid, and the ratio LDL/HDL-cholesterol were found.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Systematic evaluation of microangiopathy in diabetic Chinese hamsters. I. Morphometric analysis of minimal glomerular basement membrane thickness in 11- to 15- and 19- to 23-month-old Chinese hamsters.

Renal glomeruli of 11- to 15- and 19- to 23-month-old nondiabetic (M) and diabetic (XA and AC) genetic sublines of Chinese hamsters were morphometrically analyzed to determine if minimal capillary basement membrane thickening (CBMT) is a microvascular complication in this animal model. Minimal glomerular capillary basement membrane thickness was significantly elevated in the AC diabetic subline (117.2 nm +/- 5.0, P less than 0.004) compared with the M nondiabetic subline (99.0 nm +/- 14.0) in the 11- to 15-month age span. However, in the 19- to 23-month age range, both the XA (140.2 nm +/- 20.0, P less than 0.02) and AC (140.1 nm +/- 12.4, P less than 0.04) diabetic sublines displayed significantly greater glomerular capillary basement membrane thickness in comparison with the M nondiabetic subline (119.0 nm +/- 13.4). The greatest influence on CBMT in the diabetics was shown to be a combination of the aging process and severity of hyperglycemia. This initial systematic morphometric study has demonstrated that glomerular CBMT is a characteristic microvascular lesion in 11- to 15-month-old diabetic AC and 19- to 23-month-old diabetic XA and AC Chinese hamsters in comparison with age-matched nondiabetics. Furthermore, this investigation suggests that the Chinese hamster appears to be an acceptable model for the study of chronic complications associated with diabetic nephropathy.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1993

Comparisons of nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of the glycoprotein genes of a Chinese street strain (CGX89-1) and a Chinese vaccine strain (3aG) of rabies virus.

We analyzed the glycoprotein gene sequences of a Chinese street rabies virus strain (CGX89-1) and a Chinese human rabies vaccine strain (3aG). The complete glycoprotein gene sequence of each strain has 1575 nucleotides and encodes a polypeptide of 524 amino acids. The overall nucleotide homology of these glycoprotein genes is 84.5%, and the deduced amino acid homology is 89.5%. Twenty-one percent of the base changes result in amino acid substitutions. Comparison of the homologies of the glycoprotein genes showed that the most conserved region is the ectodomain, whereas the most variable regions are the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains. The overall nucleotide homologies of the 3aG glycoprotein and the CGX89-1 glycoprotein compared with the Pasteur virus glycoprotein are 91.2% and 84.1% respectively. The glycoprotein gene sequences presented here, the first from isolates of Chinese origin, provide insights into the biologically significant regions of this rabies gene.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2005

N-terminal-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP): reference range for Chinese apparently healthy people and clinical performance in Chinese elderly patients with heart failure.

BACKGROUND: N-terminal-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) has been found to be a useful marker for the diagnosis of heart failure (HF) and left ventricular systolic dysfunction. We established a reference range for Chinese apparently healthy people based on age and gender and evaluated the clinical performance of NT-proBNP in the diagnosis of asymptomatic and symptomatic HF. METHODS: A group of 442 apparently healthy subjects were enrolled for reference range study. For the clinical performance study, serum NT-proBNP and clinical data were analyzed in 111 elderly patients with HF and 60 normal elderly controls. Serum NT-proBNP was measured by the Roche Elecsys 2010 immunoassay analyzer. RESULTS: NT-proBNP reference range in Chinese people based on age and gender was <83.72 ng/l for men and <131.6 ng/l for women aged 60 years, which were lower than those for western countries. NT-proBNP had a close correlation with New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification (r=0.818) and LVEF (r=-0.636). The ROC curve analysis revealed an AUC of 0.921 for the diagnosis of HF, 0.840 for asymptomatic HF (NYHA I) and 0.951 for symptomatic HF (NYHA II-IV). The optimal cutoff values for detecting HF, asymptomatic HF and symptomatic HF were 102.2, 102.2, and 204.8 ng/l, respectively. NT-proBNP had high positive predictive value (PPV) for the diagnosis of HF (96.8%), asymptomatic HF (90.3%) and symptomatic HF (90.9%), but low negative predictive value (NPV) for diagnosing HF and asymptomatic HF (74.0% and 78.1%, respectively) except symptomatic HF (93.3%). CONCLUSIONS: Chinese people have lower reference range of serum NT-proBNP. NT-proBNP assay has a good clinical performance for the diagnosis of symptomatic HF but is not suitable as a screening test for HF.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The validity and reliability of chinese frontal assessment battery in evaluating executive dysfunction among Chinese patients with small subcortical infarct.

OBJECTIVES: Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) is a valid and reliable screening test for evaluating executive dysfunction among whites with frontal and subcortical degenerative lesions. We studied the properties of a Chinese version of FAB (CFAB) in evaluating executive dysfunction among Chinese stroke patients with small subcortical infarct. METHODS: Concurrent validity was evaluated using Wisconsin Card Sorting Tst (WCST) and Mattis Dementia Rating Scale-Initiation/Perseveration Subset (MDRS I/P) among 41 controls and 30 stroke patients with small subcortical infarct. Discriminant validities of CFAB and its subitems were compared with those of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Internal consistency, test-retest, and interrater reliability of CFAB were evaluated. RESULTS: The CFAB had low to good correlation with various executive measures: MDRS I/P (r = 0.63, p < 0.001), number of category completed (r = 0.45, p < 0.001), and number of perseverative errors (r = -0.37, p < 0.01) of WCST. Among the executive measures, only number of category completed had significant but small contribution (6.5%, p = 0.001) to the variance of CFAB. A short version of CFAB using three items yielded higher overall classification accuracy (86.6%) than that of CFAB full version (80.6%) and MMSE (77.6%). Internal consistency (alpha = 0.77), test-retest reliability (rho = 0.89, p < 0.001), and interrater reliability (rho = 0.85, p < 0.001) of CFAB were good. CONCLUSION: Although CFAB is reliable, it is only moderately valid in evaluating executive dysfunction among Chinese stroke patients with small subcortical infarct. The clinical use of CFAB in the evaluation of executive dysfunction among this group of patients cannot be recommended at this stage.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

The Rutter Parent Scale A2 and Teacher Scale B2 in Chinese. II. Clinical validity among Chinese children.

This is the second of two papers about the Rutter Scales A2 and B2 among Chinese children in Hong Kong. A consecutive series of patients (n = 124) suffering from emotional and conduct disorders is compared with two control groups. Similarities and differences were found when compared with Rutter's original work. In particular, not all the items could differentiate between patients and controls. But with total scores constructed according to local standards the combined sensitivity of both Scales was highly satisfactory (96% for boys and 93% for girls). No combined specificity was available owing to the design of the study, but the respective value for individual Scales was satisfactory (using optimal cut-off points the lowest specificity was 74% for Scale A2 in boys). Their discriminative power for conduct and emotional disorders was good except in the case of A2 with emotionally disordered girls where only 13% of the cases were correctly identified. Again except A2 in girls the compositions of the anti-social and neurotic subscores of both Scales among Chinese children were similar to that for English children. It appears that these two simple Scales do have important potentials among Chinese children.

Child↗
PubMed1991

Comparison of the Chinese Depression Inventory and the Chinese version of the Beck Depression Inventory.

Using a sample of 329 currently depressed patients from 24 hospitals across China, the Chinese Depression Inventory (CDI) was developed based on its own culture and verbal expression styles. The reliability and validity of CDI were much better for these patients than the Chinese version of the Beck Depression Inventory (CBDI). This study demonstrated that the CDI is both a culturally sensitive and cross-culturally useful self-report scale for measuring the severity of depression in Chinese. The authors suggest that such a rating scale would eliminate serious cultural biases, control for the severity of illness among different ethnic groups and thereby make cross-cultural studies more valid.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Chinese Dementia Specialist Education Program: training Chinese American health care professionals as dementia experts.

A Chinese Dementia Specialist Education Program (CDSEP) was launched in the Greater Boston Area to educate Chinese American health care providers who lacked adequate dementia education and services. This program trained bilingual health care providers to identify, assess and serve people with dementia and their families, and raised dementia awareness in Chinese American communities. The ten-month follow-up survey documented that the sixteen graduates helped over 70 families and held 76 workshops and formal and informal discussions, reaching over 400 people. The CDSEP demonstrates that a "Train the Trainer" model is an effective approach for building dementia care capacity in community-based agencies, increasing outreach to people with dementia and their families, and for raising dementia awareness in bilingual and minority communities.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Predictive values of body mass index and waist circumference for risk factors of certain related diseases in Chinese adults--study on optimal cut-off points of body mass index and waist circumference in Chinese adults.

OBJECTIVE: For prevention of obesity in Chinese population, it is necessary to define the optimal range of healthy weight and the appropriate cut-off points of BMI and waist circumference for Chinese adults. The Working Group on Obesity in China under the support of International Life Sciences Institute Focal point in China organized a meta-analysis on the relation between BMI, waist circumference and risk factors of related chronic diseases (e.g., high diabetes, diabetes mellitus, and lipoprotein disorders). METHODS: 13 population studies in all met the criteria for enrollment, with data of 239,972 adults (20-70 year) surveyed in the 1990s. Data on waist circumference was available for 111,411 persons and data on serum lipids and glucose were available for more than 80,000. The study populations located in 21 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in mainland China as well as in Taiwan. Each enrolled study provided data according to a common protocol and uniform format. The Center for data management in Department of Epidemiology, Fu Wai Hospital was responsible for statistical analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and clustering of risk factors all increased with increasing levels of BMI or waist circumference. BMI at 24 with best sensitivity and specificity for identification of the risk factors, was recommended as the cut-off point for overweight, BMI at 28 which may identify the risk factors with specificity around 90% was recommended as the cut-off point for obesity. Waist circumference beyond 85 cm for men and beyond 80 cm for women were recommended as the cut-off points for central obesity. Analysis of population attributable risk percent illustrated that reducing BMI to normal range (< 24) could prevent 45%-50% clustering of risk factors. Treatment of obese persons (BMI > or = 28) with drugs could prevent 15%-17% clustering of risk factors. The waist circumference controlled under 85 cm for men and under 80 cm for women, could prevent 47%-58% clustering of risk factors. According to these, a classification of overweight and obesity for Chinese adults is recommended.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Landscape ecological studies on autumnal Chinese cabbage fields in Shenyang city suburb. I. Features of autumnal Chinese cabbage field patches].

Some typical patches of autumnal Chinese cabbage fields in the agricultural landscapes of Shenyang city suburb were investigated, and their basic features, such as areas, shapes, neighborings and connections, were recorded. Their mosaic features were also analyzed and discussed. In the region of less 5 km distance from city, many Chinese cabbage patches neighbored each other and connected to highways, while in the region of 5-10 km distance from city, they neighbored with corn patches and connected to countryside roads. In the region over 10 km distance from city, many Chinese cabbage patches are surrounded by corn patches and connected to countryside roads.

Agriculture↗