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[The perpetrator lies in the cemetery. Regarding the report "Costs of aging for the Ministry of Health and Welfare"].

The Dutch government is concerned about the aging of the population, especially in relation to the increase of the costs of care. After the government report 'Care of the elderly' now a report is presented dealing with the expected increase of costs in health care and welfare because of the aging of the population. The report has an informal status. Its objective is to develop alternatives and to offer choices in controlling the increase of costs. It is calculated that the public costs of 'care' will increase with 1.4 billion guilders in the next four years due to the aging of the population. To reduce these costs the following options are presented: substitution-policy of hospital care by primary care, improvement of productivity and personal contribution by care-users. The disadvantages of these options are not explored, although they are well known. The relationship between the expected cost-increase and societal developments is mentioned, but not analysed. The report as it is written now does not explore in depth the developments in changes of consumer behaviour in relation to aging. Therefore it does not offer real alternatives.

Aged↗

[Stomatological studies of the slavic cemetery at the Spandau Burgwall, Berlin].

The dentition of a medieval population from the former Spandau Burgwall in Berlin was investigated with regard to caries and other abnormities of the teeth, the palate and the jaws. The caries frequency amounts to 7.9%, while 63.6% of the individuals had a caries dentition. The diminuation of the caries frequency from the juveniles to the 40--60 years old individuals depends on the high rate of loss of tooth during life. Probably, all teeth which have been lost during life can be evaluated as decayed teeth. X-ray pictures have shown that three sets of teeth have hypercementotic alterations at the roots, eight permanent dentitions have cysts and apical parodontitis. Supernumerary cuspids at the toothcrowns are to be seen as a tuberculum paramolare and a tuberculum intermedium. A second upper molar has a reduced crown with only two cuspids and shows the tendency of reduction to a bicuspid. Toothrotation and other deviations of teeth from their position in the row are frequent in this material. Four deciduous dentitions of children were investigated, too. Three carious teeth were found among 45 available teeth, two deciduous molars and one first upper molar show a Carabelli's tubercle, the other first molar has a fovea carabelli.

Adult↗