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PubMed1995

[Study on the characteristics of molecular epidemiology for Salmonella typhi isolated in China. II. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene restriction patterns (16S rRNA GRP) of S. typhi isolated in China].

16S rRNA gene, a highly conservative gene in molecular evolution, was labeled with digoxigenin-11-dUTP by PCR. Using it as a probe, we investigated the 16S rRNA gene restriction patterns (16S rRNA GRP) of S. typhi after their chromosomes were digested with Pst I. Results show that the Pst I 16S rRNA GRP appears obvious polymorphism in strains of distinctive sources. The fragments containing 16S rRNA gene are sized 7.0-26.5kb in 16S rRNA GRP of Pst I. 119 strains can be divided into 38 ribotypes. Most of the strains causing outbreaks from Dalian in 1990 and strains isolated during the pandemic from Yili, Xinjiang in 1991 have the same ribotype; some ribotypes contain epidemic strains which are from different geographic areas; some strains from sporadic cases have their unique ribotypes. We also find the 16S rRNA GRP with Pst I of S. typhimurium rather different from that of S. typhi. Data from further analysis of Pst I ribotypes by mean-linkage clustering method show that pandemic strains, outbreak strains and epidemic strains cluster at 0.55 in genetic distance; nonepidemic strains and strains from sporadic cases gather to form another cluster at 0.70 in genetic distance. Ribotype of strain 251, which was isolated forman asymptomatic carrier is different from the two clusters. The ribotype of S. typhimurium is apparently far distant, comparing with that of S. typhi.

China↗
PubMed1994

[Molecular epidemiological characteristics of Salmonella typhi strains isolated in China. I. Analysis of Salmonella typhi strains isolated in China by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis].

Multilocus enzyme analysis by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) was used to analyse 335 isolates of S. typhi from several provinces where high morbidity of typhoid fever was observed in recent years. We analysed 7 metabolic enzymes encoded by chromosome. The results showed that all the enzyme loci were polymorphic. The average alleles per locus was 7.4 (2-19): the mean genetic diversity per locus was 0.498 (0.198 0.883). There were 147 distinctive electrophoretic types (ETs) in 335 isolates. With cluster analysis by the average-linkage method, we found that there were 22 subclones, 12 clones among all isolates studied. Most isolates in 1988 from both Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces belonged to one clone; the isolates from Guangxi Province in 1990 and parts of Hubei isolates belonged to one clone; the isolates from Hunan and Guizhou provinces during several-year period were homogeneous. However, the isolates from Xinjiang Autonomous Region were remarkebly different from other provinces, belonging to a particular clone. We also observed that the isolates from an outbreak or epidemic were from a one subclone.

Alleles↗
PubMed2000

Dynamic Observations of the Hydrolysis of a DPPC Monolayer at the Air/Water Interface Catalyzed by Phospholipase A(2) This work was supported by the research contract between the German Max-Planck-Society and the Chinese Academy of Sciences as well as the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NNSF). J.L. thanks the president fund of the Chinese Academy of Science and the National Personal Department of China. DPPC=L-dipalmitolphosphatidylcholine.

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Journal Article↗