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How do cathartic drugs act? A case study on Gregor Horst (1578-1636) and his attempt to defend Galenist theory.
This case study deals with the argument of the Galenist author Gregor Horst (1578-1636), Medical Professor at Giessen University, Germany, and later town phyusician in Ulm, in the discussion on how purgatives act. Horst tried to reconcile a number of different opinions within a Galenist framework. His vast erudition enabled him to compare several classical as well as contemporary opinions. He takes into account Galen (129-c.200/216), Erasistratos (c. 330-255 BC), Asclepiades (fl. 1st century BC), the Hippocratic Corpus and the Problemata Aristotelis from antiquity, Mesue and Mundinus (c. 1270-1326) from the Middle Ages, and Jean Fernel (c. 1497-1558), Girolamo Cardano (1501-c. 1576), Johannes Costaeus (d. 1603), Laurent Joubert (1529-1583), Francisco Valles (1524-1592), Tobias Dorncreilius (1571-1605) and Gavriele Falloppio (1523-1562) from contemporary authors. Horst also integrated some Paracelsian ideas from Joseph Duchesne alias Quercetanus (1549-1609). In his attempt to preserve fundamentals of Galenic thought, Horst created a complicated theory nearly breaking under its own weight. He shows a rising divergence within traditional views as well as the fragmentation of Renaissance Galenism which took place already before the discovery of the blood circulation.
[Guidelines for the treatment of acute chemical poisoning--3. Cathartics].
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[Guidelines for the treatment of acute chemical poisoning. Gut decontamination. 3. Cathartics].
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[New occlusive complications caused by absorption of a carboxy-methylcellulose cathartic].
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[The experiences with a new cathartic in surgery].
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Evaluation of the laxative potency of saline cathartics and aperients.
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[Preparation ZA-7 with emphasis on the natural cathartic action of sugar alcohols].
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[Problem of the effect of plant cathartics].
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On the discovery of the cathartic method.
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[Diagnosis of chronic amebiasis. II. Comparative study of the efficiency of the zinc sulfate centrifugal flotation method, with successive specimens of normally eliminated feces, and of the examination of feces obtained with a cathartic, used singly or combined].
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Prolonged cathartic abuse resulting in roentgen evidence suggestive of enterocolitis.
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[Commentary on the standard therapeutic practice of poisoning recommended by Japanese Society for Clinical toxicology--2--Activated charcoal and cathartics].
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[Uricedin, a vagotonic cathartic; on the therapy of obstipation in pulmonary tuberculosis].
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[Constitution and effects of cathartics on the large intestines].
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Tumor-damaging capacity of plant materials. I. Plants used as cathartics.
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[Standard therapeutic practice for acute poisoning: Cathartics].
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[Drug information: cathartics. Therapeutic main group: laxatives. 3].
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