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Results for “Blood Component Removal”

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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

The role of the blood bank in transplantation.

Blood transfusion supportive care is essential to successful organ, tissue, and bone marrow transplantation, thus making the blood bank an integral part of these programs. The impact of clinical transplantation on the blood bank can be considered in the following categories: (1) use of blood and blood components for transfusion support; (2) special blood component needs; (3) red blood cell serologic needs; (4) collection, processing, and preservation of bone marrow and peripheral blood stem cells; (5) hemotherapy for bone marrow donors, (6) recruitment of bone marrow donors; and (7) the special procedures that must be available for managing patients undergoing transplantation therapy.

Blood↗
PubMed1994

Lymphocyte content in peripheral blood mononuclear cells collected after the administration of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor.

The effects of rhG-CSF on peripheral blood lymphocytes and lymphocyte populations in the apheresis product has been determined in 13 individuals (11 autografts and 2 normal donors) who had peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) collected on days 3, 4, and 5 of administration of rhG-CSF 16 micrograms/kg/day x 5 days. The absolute number of CD34+ cells increased 9 and 25-fold from pretreatment levels after 4 and 5 days of rhG-CSF, respectively. All patients demonstrated an increase in CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19 and CD20 lymphocytes after 3 days of rhG-CSF with T lymphocytes increasing 1.5-2.0 times baseline by day 3 or rhG-CSF administration. All lymphocyte phenotypes returned to below pretreatment levels on days 4 and 5 of rhG-CSF administration. The ratio of CD4/CD8 lymphocytes was not affected by rhG-CSF. Collection of PBMCs on 3 consecutive days yielded a mean of 8.77 x 10(8) CD34 cells, 14.03 x 10(10) total nucleated cells and 3.17 x 10(10) CD3 lymphocytes. These data suggest that rhG-CSF mobilized PBMCs have approximately one log more T cells than marrow and the effect of rhG-CSF on the quantity and phenotype of lymphocytes is minimal. Strategies for coping with an increased incidence of GVHD, if it occurs, could include the utilization of both methotrexate and cyclosporine as immunoprophylaxis, selective T cell depletion or CD34 positive selection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Collection and long-term preservation of peripheral stem cells].

The methods of collection and storage of peripheral blood stem cells are described and the harvesting after conditioning with cytokines and/or myelosuppressive therapy is discussed. It could be demonstrated that the combination of cytostatics and cytokines gives the best yield and enables to collect a sufficient amount of peripheral blood stem cells for a successful engraftment after myeloablative therapy with only few aphereses.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1993

The role of hemapheresis technology in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.

In this paper the impact of hemapheresis technology on 238 allogeneic bone marrow transplants performed in Pescara from 1982 through 1993 is described. Granulocyte transfusions were limited to patients with neutrophil level < 0.2 x 10(9)/L. An average of 4 units of packed red blood cells were required to maintain adequate hemoglobin levels. Patients with major ABO incompatibility showed an increased requirement of red blood cell support as compared to patients ABO-matched and ABO minor mismatched. For platelet support single-donor platelets collected on a blood-cell separator were given. A total of 1548 platelet transfusions were examined. The median number of platelet transfusions for each patient was 5. Platelet refractoriness occurred in 44% of patients. The hemorrhage related mortality was 0.9%. The advancement made in the field of hemapheresis technology, as well as the improved transplant technique, have contributed to increase the post-transplant survival from 17% in the early experience (1976-1982) to 88% in the recent years (1992-1993).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Production and consumption of blood and blood products in Norway. Factors of quality assurance in transfusion medicine].

In Norway self-sufficiency has been achieved with regard to all major blood products, despite a relatively low number of blood donations. There is good balance in the consumption of the various products. The total consumption of erythrocytes has gone down only slightly since pre-HIV times, while consumption of thrombocytes has increased. There is probably an over consumption of erythrocytes, albumin and plasma, and more attention should be given to the consistent application of principles of modern haemotherapy. If each department is given responsibility for its own economy, improvement may be achieved in this respect.

Blood Component Removal↗
PubMed1997

[Blood components: indication and notice of transfusion].

The total number of blood donors in 1996 was 6 millions, and the number of 200 ml whole blood donors was 2.16 million(35.7%), whereas the numbers of 400 ml and apheresis donors were 2.66 million(44.1%), and 1.22 million(20.2%) respectively. From the donated blood, about 18.78 million units(1u: equivalent to 200 ml WB derived) of blood components were prepared and used for blood transfusion. Currently, whole blood is separated and prepared into MAP red cell concentrates and FFP, and all platelet concentrates are prepared from apheresis donations. In 1996, MAP red cell concentrates occupied 30.5% of all blood supply for transfusion, whereas FFP occupied 27.7% and PC occupied 40.2%.

Blood Component Removal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Long-term maintenance of immunity in patients with common variable immune deficiency by plasma transfusion.

The AIDS crisis and the fear of blood product contamination stimulated the development of a designated plasma collection and transfusion for patients with common variable immune deficiency. Four patients have been maintained over 1 year; 5 years and 10 months; 8 years and 7 months; and 12 years. A new crisis affecting commercial IgG manufacturing, owing to recalls, has made the life saving product scarce, threatening patients' health maintenance. Our experience over a long time has demonstrated that plasma transfusion is equivalent to management with commercial IgG. The program of product collection and patient management includes testing the collected plasma for IgG content, selecting ABO compatible plasma, and following patients with IgG trough levels, prior to each transfusion, to assure sufficient immune globulin administration.

Blood Component Removal↗
PubMed1998

[Blood products use and related factors in Japan].

PURPOSES: To examine the use of blood products in Japan by prefectures and to determine the factors associated with the amount of blood products used. METHODS: The amounts of blood products used in November 1995 were surveyed in 8,723 hospitals throughout Japan. The survey also included whether the blood products in hospitals were stored and managed based on the guidelines for appropriate use of blood products. RESULTS: 1. 4,675(90.9%) of the 5,141 respondents used blood products in 1995. 2. The amount of use of each blood product was considerably different among the prefectures. Larger amounts of red blood products and plasma products were used in urban areas. 3. The amounts of use of red blood cell products, plasma products and platelet concentrates showed similar geographical distributions at a significant correlation (r > or = 0.6) each other. The amount of use of albumin products correlated significantly (r = 0.69) with that of immunoglobulin products. 4. Among the various blood products surveyed in this study, the amount of use of only red blood cell products was comparatively larger in the prefectures where blood products were appropriately stored and managed. 5. The number of surgical operations performed under general anesthetization correlated positively with the amount of use of red blood cell products, plasma products and platelet concentrates; a similar correlation was observed between the number of operations for malignant neoplasm and cardiac diseases. CONCLUSION: The amounts of use of blood products used were significantly different among the prefectures in Japan. The amount of use of red blood cell products possibly reflects demand and consumption of blood products as a whole.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1985

Therapeutic apheresis: treatment in search of a disease.

Blood has been recognized as the essence of life since ancient times. Bloodletting, however, was performed centuries ago to treat disease and prolong life. Seventy years ago selective removal of blood components from circulating blood was advocated as a therapeutic measure. However, manual procedures for blood removal, separation, and reinfusion were quite cumbersome and did not really lend themselves to daily clinical practice. In the last 15 years, technologies have been developed to allow separation of blood into its component fractions, selective removal of specific elements--either cellular products or liquid plasma--an reinfusion of the remaining blood. Early cell separators were designed to collect specific blood components from healthy donors for subsequent transfusion to critically ill patients. Apheresis techniques were found to reduce the amounts of some normal elements circulating in the donors' blood, and the procedure thus began to be used therapeutically to remove abnormal components and to reduce excessive quantities of otherwise normal blood components. Diffusion of automated cell separators quickly followed and apheresis procedures were applied as treatment for a variety of diseases and conditions. The efficacy of therapeutic apheresis in many rare or exotic diseases is well established. In others, the role of apheresis is less clear. By reviewing the medical benefits of therapeutic apheresis, access to treatment, and the costs resulting from broad applications, this assessment will assist health care professionals and policymakers to evaluate therapeutic apheresis technology.

Blood Component Removal↗
PubMed2001

Universal leukoreduction of cellular and plasma components: process control and performance of the leukoreduction process.

Many countries in Europe and over the world are currently or will be concerned in the near future, by the implementation of universal leukoreduction (ULR) for red blood cells (RBC), platelets (PT) and now also for plasma. Recommended by several advisory committees, this decision to implement ULR must be considered as a recognition of the benefit of early leukocyte removal, and also as a precautionary measure to increase blood safety. The leukodepletion technology for RBC, PT and plasma has become increasingly more elaborated and integrated in the collection or in the component preparation process. To reach this aim and to assure that the end-products meet local specifications (1 or 5 x 10(6) residual leukocytes), a process control and validation program for leukoreduction has been described in the specific guidelines. Tested on a wide scale by a group of centers, flow cytometry is emerging as reference method for residual leukocyte enumeration. Validation protocols (linearity, precision, accuracy) have been defined in numerous national or international studies (PSL and BEST Working Party). The sensitivity of the method is greatly improved by concentration of the sample, with a detection limit equivalent to 10 cells/mL for RBC or PT, and 0.5 cells/mL for plasma. Furthermore, monitoring of the performance of the leukoreduction process includes a quality control program based on a general statistical model with a parametric or non parametric approach, sampling plan, ongoing control, process capability assessment, confidence limit, detection of failure, and estimation of the non conforming units rate.

Blood Component Removal↗
PubMed1994

Prestorage leukocyte reduction of cellular blood components.

With the increasing demand for leukoreduced cellular blood components, many blood centers in Europe, North America, and Asia have begun to prepare leukocyte depleted cellular blood components prior to storage. Increased understanding of transfusion complications resulting from recipient exposure to residual donor leukocytes has focused attention on donor leukocytes during blood storage. This review examines production options for prestorage leukocyte removal, considers approaches to quality control, discusses proposed laboratory and clinical advantages of leukoreduction prior to storage compared with after storage, and suggests a strategy for cost-effective implementation of widespread prestorage leukocyte removal.

Blood Banks↗